Title 10 — Armed Forces
Part I · Chapter 8 — Defense Agencies and Department of Defense Field Activities
§ 192. Defense Agencies and Department of Defense Field Activities: oversight by the Secretary of Defense
Statutory text
Overall Supervision.—
The Secretary of Defense shall assign responsibility for the overall supervision of each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity designated under section 191(b) of this title—
to a civilian officer within the Office of the Secretary of Defense listed in section 131(b) of this title; or
to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
An official assigned such a responsibility with respect to a Defense Agency or Department of Defense Field Activity shall advise the Secretary of Defense on the extent to which the program recommendations and budget proposals of such agency or activity conform with the requirements of the military departments and of the unified and specified combatant commands.
This subsection does not apply to the Defense Intelligence Agency or the National Security Agency.
Program and Budget Review.—
The Secretary of Defense shall establish procedures to ensure that there is full and effective review of the program recommendations and budget proposals of each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity.
Periodic Review.—
Not later than , and periodically (but not less frequently than every four years) thereafter, the Secretary of Defense shall conduct a review of the efficiency and effectiveness of each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity. Each review shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be conducted in coordination with other ongoing efforts in connection with business enterprise reform.
As part of each review under this paragraph, the Secretary shall identify each activity of an Agency or Activity that is substantially similar to, or duplicative of, an activity carried out by another organization or element of the Department of Defense, or is not being performed to an adequate level to meet Department needs.
For purposes of conducting reviews under this paragraph, the Secretary shall develop internal guidance that defines requirements for such reviews and provides clear direction for conducting and recording the results of reviews.
Not later than 90 days after the completion of a review under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report that sets forth the results of the review.
The report on a review under this paragraph shall, based on the results of the review, include the following:
A list of each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity that the Secretary has determined—
operates efficiently and effectively; and
does not carry out any function that is substantially similar to, or duplicative of, a function carried out by another organization or element of the Department of Defense.
With respect to each Agency or Activity not included on the list under clause (i), a plan, aimed at better meeting Department needs, for—
rationalizing the functions within such Agency or Activity; or
transferring some or all of the functions of such Agency or Activity to another organization or element of the Department.
Recommendations for functions, if any, currently conducted separately by the military departments that should be consolidated into an Agency or Activity.
Paragraph (1) shall apply to the National Security Agency as determined appropriate by the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence. The Secretary shall establish procedures under which information required for review of the National Security Agency shall be obtained.
Special Rule for Defense Commissary Agency.—
Notwithstanding the results of any periodic review under subsection (c) with regard to the Defense Commissary Agency, the Secretary of Defense may not transfer to the Secretary of a military department the responsibility to manage and fund the provision of services and supplies provided by the Defense Commissary Agency unless the transfer of the management and funding responsibility is specifically authorized by a law enacted after .
Limitation on Termination.—
The Secretary of Defense may not terminate a Defense Agency or Department of Defense Field Activity until 30 days after the date on which the Secretary submits to the congressional defense committees a report setting forth the following:
Notice of the intent of the Secretary to terminate the Agency or Activity.
Such recommendations for legislative action as the Secretary considers appropriate in connection with the termination of the Agency or Activity.
Legislative history
Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.
Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986
Pub. L. 99–433 title III § 301(a)(2) · 100 Stat. 992
Enacted · 10 U.S.C. § 192
Added Pub. L. 99–433, title III, § 301(a)(2), Oct. 1, 1986, 100 Stat. 1020
Source evidence
Code source credit
Added Pub. L. 99–433, title III, § 301(a)(2), Oct. 1, 1986, 100 Stat. 1020Enacted provision · exact public law section
(2) by striking out the chapter heading and the table of sections at the beginning of such chapter and inserting in lieu thereof the following: “CHAPTER 8— DEFENSE AGENCIES AND DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE FIELD ACTIVITIES “Subchapter “ I. Common Supply and Service Activities “II. Miscellaneous Defense Agency Matters “SUBCHAPTER I— COMMON SUPPLY AND SERVICE ACTIVITIES “Sec. “191. Secretary of Defense: authority to provide for common performance of supply or service activities. “192. Defense Agencies and Department of Defense Field Activities: oversight by the Secretary of Defense. “193. Combat support agencies: oversight. “194. Limitations on personnel. “§ 191. Secretary of Defense: authority to provide for common performance of supply or service activities “(a) Authority.— Whenever the Secretary of Defense determines such action would be more effective, economical, or efficient, the Secretary may provide for the performance of a supply or service activity that is common to more than onemilitary department by a single agency of the Department of Defense. “(b) Designation of Common Supply or Service Agency.— Any agency of the Department of Defense established under subsection (a) (or under the second sentence of section 126(d) of this title (as in effect before the date of the enactment of the Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986)) for the performance of a supply or service activity referred to in such subsection shall bedesignated as a Defense Agency or a Department of Defense Field Activity. “§ 192. Defense Agencies and Department of Defense Field Activities:oversight by the Secretary of Defense “(a) Overall Supervision.— (1) The Secretary of Defense shall assign responsibility for the overall supervision of each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity designated under section 19l(b) of this title— “(A) to a civilian officer within the Office of the Secretary of Defense listed in section 13l(b) of this title; or “(B) to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. “(2) An official assigned such a responsibility with respect to a Defense Agency or Department of Defense Field Activity shall advise the Secretary of Defense on the extent to which the program recommendations and budget proposals of such agency or activity conform with the requirements of the military departments and of the unified and specified combatant commands. “(3) This subsection does not apply to the Defense Intelligence Agency or the National Security Agency. “(b) Program and Budget Review.— The Secretary of Defense shall establish procedures to ensure that there is full and effective review of the program recommendations and budget proposals of each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity. “(c) Periodic Review.— (1) Periodically (and not less often than every two years), the Secretary of Defense shall review the services and supplies provided by each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity to ensure that— “(A) there is a continuing need for each such agency and activity; and “(B) the provision of those services and supplies by each such agency and activity, rather than bythe military departments, is a more effective, economical, or efficient manner of providing those services and supplies or of meeting the requirements for combat readiness of the armed forces. “(2) Paragraph (1) shall apply to the National Security Agency as determined appropriate by the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of Central Intelligence. The Secretary shall establish procedures under which information required for review of the National Security Agency shall be obtained. “§ 193. Combat support agencies: oversight “(a) Combat Readiness.— (1) Reports. Periodically (and not less often than every two years), the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff shall submit to the Secretary of Defense a report on the combat support agencies. Each such report shall include— “(A) a determination with respect to the responsiveness and readiness of each such agency to support operating forces in the event of a war or threat to national security; and “(B) any recommendations that the Chairman considers appropriate. “(2) In preparing each such report, the Chairman shall review the plans of each such agency with respect to its support of operating forces in the event of a war or threat to national security. After consultation with the Secretaries of the military departments and the commanders of the unified and specified combatant commands, as appropriate, the Chairman may, with the approval of the Secretary of Defense, take steps to provide for any revision of those plans that the Chairman considers appropriate. “(b) Participation in Joint Training Exercises.— The Chairman shall— “(1) provide for the participation of the combat support agencies in joint training exercises to the extent necessary to ensure that those agencies are capable of performing their support missions with respect to a war or threat to national security; and “(2) assess the performance in joint training exercises of each such agency and, in accordance with guidelines established by the Secretary of Defense, take steps to provide for any change that the Chairman considers appropriate to improve that performance. “(c) Readiness Reporting System.— The Chairman shall develop, Reports. in consultation with the director of each combat support agency, a uniform system for reporting to the Secretary of Defeni:P., the commanders of the unified and specified combatant commands, and the Secretaries of the military departments concerning the readiness of each such agency to perform with respect to a war or threat to national security. “(d) Review of National Security Agency.— (1) Subsections (a), (b) , and (c) shall apply to the National Security Agency, but only with respect to combat support functions the Agency performs for the Department of Defense. “(2) The Secretary, after consulting with the Director of Central Intelligence, shall establish policies and procedures with respect to the application of subsections (a), (b), and (c) to the National Security Agency. “(e) Combat Support Capabilities of DIA and NSA.— The Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Director of Central Intelligence, shall develop and implement, as they may determine to be necessary, policies and programs to correct such deficiencies as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and other officials of the Department of Defense may identify in the capabilities of the Defense Intelligence Agenc:y and the National Security Agency to accomplish assigned missions in support of military combat operations. “(f) Definition of Combat Support Agency.— In this section, the term ‘combat support agency’ means any of the following Defense Agencies: “(1) The Defense Communications Agency. “(2) The Defense Intelligence Agency. “(3) The Defense Logistics Agency. “(4) The Defense Mapping Agency. “(5) Any other Defense Agency designated, as a combat support agency by the Secretary of Defense. “§ 194. Limitations on personnel “(a) Cap on Headquarters Management Personnel.— After September 30, 1989, the total number of members of the armed forces and civilian employees assigned or detailed to permanent duty in the management headquarters activities or management headquarters support activities in the Defense Agencies and Department of Defense Field Activities may not exceed the number that is the number of such members and employees assigned or detailed to such duty on September 30, 1989. “(b) Cap on Other Personnel.— After September 30, 1989, the total number of members of the armed forces and civilian employees assigned or detailed to permanent duty in the Defense Agencies and Department of Defense Field Activities, other than members and employees assigned to management headquarters activities or management headquarters support activities, may not exceed the number that is the number of such members and employees assigned or detailed to such duty on September 30, 1989. “(c) Prohibition Against Certain Actions to Exceed Limitations.— The limitations in subsections (a) and (b) may not be exceeded by recategorizing or redefining duties, functions, offices, or or anizations. “(d) Exclusion of NSA.— The National Security Agency shall be excluded in computing and maintaining the limitations required by this section. “(e) Waiver.— The limitations in this section do not apply— “(1) in time of war; or “(2) duringa national emergency declared by Congress. “(f) Definitions.— In this section, the terms ‘management headquarters activities’ and ‘management headquarters support activities’ have the meanings given those terms in Department of Defense Directive 5100.73, entitled ‘Department of Defense Management Headquarters and Headquarters Support Activities’ and dated January 7, 1985. “SUBCHAPTER II— MISCELLANEOUS DEFENSE AGENCY “Sec. “201. Unauthorired use of Defense Intelligence Agency name, initials, or seal.”.Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999
Pub. L. 105–261 div. A title III § 361(a) · 112 Stat. 1920
Added · 10 U.S.C. § 192(d)
Pub. L. 105–261 added subsec. (d)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–261 added subsec. (d).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(a) Management and Funding Responsibilities.— Section 192 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(d) Special Rule for Defense Commissary Agency.— Notwithstanding the results of any periodic review under subsection (c) with regard to the Defense Commissary Agency, the Secretary of Defense may not transfer to the Secretary of a military department the responsibility to manage and fund the provision of services and supplies provided by the Defense Commissary Agency unless the transfer of the management and funding responsibility is specifically authorized by a law enacted after the date of the enactment of this subsection.”.Pub. L. 106–65 div. A title X § 1066(a)(3) · 113 Stat. 512
Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 192(d)
Pub. L. 106–65 substituted “October 17, 1998” for “the date of the enactment of this subsection”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–65 substituted “October 17, 1998” for “the date of the enactment of this subsection”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(3) Section 192(d) is amended by striking “the date of the enactment of this subsection” and inserting “October 17, 1998”.National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006
Pub. L. 109–163 div. A title III § 371 · 119 Stat. 3136
Added · 10 U.S.C. § 192(e)
Pub. L. 109–163 added subsec. (e)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109–163 added subsec. (e).Enacted provision · exact public law section
SEC. 371. SUPERVISION AND MANAGEMENT OF DEFENSE BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION AGENCY. Section 192 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(e) Special Rule for Defense Business Transformation Agency.— (1) The Defense Business Transformation Agency shall be supervised by the vice chairman of the Defense Business System Management Committee. “(2) Notwithstanding the results of any periodic review under subsection (c) with regard to the Defense Business Transformation Agency, the Secretary of Defense shall designate that the Agency be managed cooperatively by the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Business Transformation and the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Financial Management.” .National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008
Pub. L. 110–181 § 931(a)(1) · 122 Stat. 3
Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 192(c)(2)
Pub. L. 110–181, § 931(a)(1), substituted “Director of National Intelligence” for “Director of Central Intelligence”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 110–181, § 931(a)(1), substituted “Director of National Intelligence” for “Director of Central Intelligence”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) Section 192(c)(2).National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008
Pub. L. 110–181 § 904(c) · 122 Stat. 3
Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 192(e)(2)
Pub. L. 110–181, § 904(c), substituted “that the Director of the Agency shall report directly to the Deputy Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense.” for “that the Agency be managed cooperatively by the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Business Transformation and the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Financial Management.”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 110–181, § 904(c), substituted “that the Director of the Agency shall report directly to the Deputy Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense.” for “that the Agency be managed cooperatively by the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Business Transformation and the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Financial Management.”Enacted provision · exact public law section
(c) Management of Defense Business Transformation Agency.— Section 192(e)(2) of title 10, United States Code, is amended by striking “that the Agency” and all that follows and inserting “that the Director of the Agency shall report directly to the Deputy Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense.”.John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019
Pub. L. 115–232 § 923(a) · 132 Stat. 1636
Added · 10 U.S.C. § 192(c)(1)(3)
Pub. L. 115–232, § 923(a), added par. (1) relating to efficiency and effectiveness reviews and par. (2)
Redesignated · 10 U.S.C. § 192(c)(1)(3)
Pub. L. 115–232, § 923(a), redesignated former par. (2) as (3)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c)(1) to (3). Pub. L. 115–232, § 923(a), added par. (1) relating to efficiency and effectiveness reviews and par. (2) and redesignated former par. (2) as (3).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(a) Periodic Review.— Subsection (c) of section 192 of title 10, United States Code, is amended— (1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3); and (2) by inserting before paragraph (3), as so redesignated, the following new paragraphs: “(1) (A) Not later than January 1, 2020, and periodically (but not less frequently than every four years) thereafter, the Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense shall conduct a review of the efficiency and effectiveness of each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity. Each review shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be conducted in coordination with other ongoing efforts in connection with business enterprise reform. “(B) As part of each review under this paragraph, the Chief Management Officer shall identify each activity of an Agency or Activity that is substantially similar to, or duplicative of, an activity carried out by another organization or element of the Department of Defense, or is not being performed to an adequate level to meet Department needs. “(C) For purposes of conducting reviews under this paragraph, the Chief Management Officer shall develop internal guidance that defines requirements for such reviews and provides clear direction for conducting and recording the results of reviews. “(2) (A) Not later than 90 days after the completion of a review under paragraph (1), the Chief Management Officer shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report that sets forth the results of the review. “(B) The report on a review under this paragraph shall, based on the results of the review, include the following: “(i) A list of each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity that the Chief Management Officer has determined— “(I) operates efficiently and effectively; and “(II) does not carry out any function that is substantially similar to, or duplicative of, a function carried out by another organization or element of the Department of Defense. “(ii) With respect to each Agency or Activity not included on the list under clause (i), a plan, aimed at better meeting Department needs, for— “(I) rationalizing the functions within such Agency or Activity; or “(II) transferring some or all of the functions of such Agency or Activity to another organization or element of the Department. “(iii) Recommendations for functions, if any, currently conducted separately by the military departments that should be consolidated into an Agency or Activity.” .John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019
Pub. L. 115–232 § 923(b) · 132 Stat. 1636
Added · 10 U.S.C. § 192(e)
Pub. L. 115–232, § 923(b), (c), added subsec. (e)
Struck · 10 U.S.C. § 192(e)
Pub. L. 115–232, § 923(b), (c), struck out former subsec. (e) which related to special rule for Defense Business Transformation Agency
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 115–232, § 923(b), (c), added subsec. (e) and struck out former subsec. (e) which related to special rule for Defense Business Transformation Agency.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(b) Repeal of Special Rule for Defense Business Transformation Agency.— Such section is further amended by striking subsection (e).John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019
Pub. L. 115–232 § 1081(f)(1)(A)(i) · 132 Stat. 1636
Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 192(e)(2)
Pub. L. 115–232, § 1081(f)(1)(A)(i), substituted “Chief Management Officer” for “Deputy Chief Management Officer”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 115–232, § 1081(f)(1)(A)(i), substituted “Chief Management Officer” for “Deputy Chief Management Officer”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(i) Section 192(e)(2) of title 10, United States Code.William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021
Pub. L. 116–283 div. A title X § 1081(a)(11) · 134 Stat. 3388
Struck · 10 U.S.C. § 192(c)(1)
Pub. L. 116–283 struck out par. (1) relating to periodic review of services and supplies provided by each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 116–283 struck out par. (1) relating to periodic review of services and supplies provided by each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(11) Section 192(c) is amended by striking the first paragraph (1).National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024
Pub. L. 118–31 § 901(b)(1)(A) · 137 Stat. 136
Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 192(c)(1)(A)
Pub. L. 118–31, § 901(b)(1)(A), substituted “the Secretary of Defense” for “the Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c)(1)(A). Pub. L. 118–31, § 901(b)(1)(A), substituted “the Secretary of Defense” for “the Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking “the Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense” and inserting “the Secretary of Defense”; andNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024
Pub. L. 118–31 § 901(b)(1)(B) · 137 Stat. 136
Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 192(c)(1)(B); 10 U.S.C. § 192(c)(1)(C)
Pub. L. 118–31, § 901(b)(1)(B), substituted “the Secretary” for “the Chief Management Officer”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c)(1)(B), (C). Pub. L. 118–31, § 901(b)(1)(B), substituted “the Secretary” for “the Chief Management Officer”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(B) in subparagraphs (B) and (C), by striking “the Chief Management Officer” and inserting “the Secretary”; andNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024
Pub. L. 118–31 § 901(b)(2) · 137 Stat. 136
Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 192(c)(2)(A); 10 U.S.C. § 192(c)(B)(i)
Pub. L. 118–31, § 901(b)(2), substituted “the Secretary” for “the Chief Management Officer”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c)(2)(A), (B)(i). Pub. L. 118–31, § 901(b)(2), substituted “the Secretary” for “the Chief Management Officer”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking “the Chief Management Officer” each place it appears and inserting “the Secretary”.
15 of 15 references resolved to an enrolled provision
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 192, Pub. L. 98–215, title V, § 501(a), , 97 Stat. 1478, which related to benefits for certain personnel of the Defense Intelligence Agency, was redesignated as section 1605 of this title and amended by Pub. L. 99–145, title XIII, § 1302(a)(1), , 99 Stat. 737. Provisions of prior section 192 as related to members of the armed forces were enacted as section 431 of Title 37, Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services, by section 1302(b)(1) of Pub. L. 99–145.
Amendments1998–2023 · 7 rounds
2023
Subsec. (c)(1)(A). Pub. L. 118–31, § 901(b)(1)(A), substituted “the Secretary of Defense” for “the Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense”.
Subsec. (c)(1)(B), (C). Pub. L. 118–31, § 901(b)(1)(B), substituted “the Secretary” for “the Chief Management Officer”.
Subsec. (c)(2)(A), (B)(i). Pub. L. 118–31, § 901(b)(2), substituted “the Secretary” for “the Chief Management Officer”.
2021
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 116–283 struck out par. (1) relating to periodic review of services and supplies provided by each Defense Agency and Department of Defense Field Activity.
2018
Subsec. (c)(1) to (3). Pub. L. 115–232, § 923(a), added par. (1) relating to efficiency and effectiveness reviews and par. (2) and redesignated former par. (2) as (3).
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 115–232, § 923(b), (c), added subsec. (e) and struck out former subsec. (e) which related to special rule for Defense Business Transformation Agency.
Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 115–232, § 1081(f)(1)(A)(i), substituted “Chief Management Officer” for “Deputy Chief Management Officer”.
2008
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 110–181, § 931(a)(1), substituted “Director of National Intelligence” for “Director of Central Intelligence”.
Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 110–181, § 904(c), substituted “that the Director of the Agency shall report directly to the Deputy Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense.” for “that the Agency be managed cooperatively by the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Business Transformation and the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Financial Management.”
2006
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109–163 added subsec. (e).
1999
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–65 substituted “” for “the date of the enactment of this subsection”.
1998
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–261 added subsec. (d).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
First Review of Defense Agencies by Secretary of Defense
Pub. L. 99–433, title III, § 304(a), , 100 Stat. 1024, required the first review under subsec. (c) of this section to be completed not later than two years after the date that the report under Pub. L. 99–433, § 303(e), formerly set out as a note under section 191 of this title, was required to be submitted to Congress ().
Credits
1986–2023 · 10 acts
- 1986Added Pub. L. 99–433, title III, § 301(a)(2), , 100 Stat. 1020
- 1998amended Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title III, § 361(a), , 112 Stat. 1984
- 1999Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title X, § 1066(a)(3), , 113 Stat. 770
- 2006Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title III, § 371, , 119 Stat. 3209
- 2008Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title IX, §§ 904(c), 931(a)(1), , 122 Stat. 274, 285
- 2014Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title IX, § 901(n)(1), , 128 Stat. 3469
- 2017Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title X, § 1081(b)(1)(D), , 131 Stat. 1597
- 2018Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title IX, § 923, title X, § 1081(f)(1)(A)(i), , 132 Stat. 1930, 1986
- 2021Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title X, § 1081(a)(11), , 134 Stat. 3871
- 2023Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title IX, § 901(b), , 137 Stat. 354.
Show as published
(Added Pub. L. 99–433, title III, § 301(a)(2), , 100 Stat. 1020; amended Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title III, § 361(a), , 112 Stat. 1984; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title X, § 1066(a)(3), , 113 Stat. 770; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title III, § 371, , 119 Stat. 3209; Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title IX, §§ 904(c), 931(a)(1), , 122 Stat. 274, 285; Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title IX, § 901(n)(1), , 128 Stat. 3469; Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title X, § 1081(b)(1)(D), , 131 Stat. 1597; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title IX, § 923, title X, § 1081(f)(1)(A)(i), , 132 Stat. 1930, 1986; Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title X, § 1081(a)(11), , 134 Stat. 3871; Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title IX, § 901(b), , 137 Stat. 354.)