§ 203. Appointment of conservator

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1933

   Pub. L. 73–1 · 48 Stat. 1

   Enacted · 12 U.S.C. § 203

   Mar. 9, 1933, ch. 1, title II, § 203, 48 Stat. 2

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Mar. 9, 1933, ch. 1, title II, § 203, 48 Stat. 2

2. 1989

   Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989

   Pub. L. 101–73 title VIII § 802 · 103 Stat. 183

   Amended · 12 U.S.C. § 203

   Pub. L. 101–73 amended section generally, changing structure of section from a single unlettered paragraph to one consisting of subsections (a) to (e)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 101–73 amended section generally, changing structure of section from a single unlettered paragraph to one consisting of subsections (a) to (e).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   SEC. 802. APPOINTMENT OF CONSERVATOR. Section 203 of the Bank Conservation Act (12 U.S.C. 203) is amended to read as follows: “SEC. 203. APPOINTMENT OF CONSERVATOR. “(a) Appointment.—; The Comptroller of the Currency may, without notice or prior hearing, appoint a conservator, which may be the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, to take possession and control of a bank whenever the Comptroller determines that one or more of the following circumstances exist: “(1) any one or more of the conditions for appointment of a receiver for the bank specified in the first section of the Act of June 30,1876 (12 U.S.C. 191) are present; “(2) the bank is not likely to be able to meet the demands of its depositors or pay its obligations in the normal course of business; “(3) the bank is in an unsafe or unsound condition to transact business, including having substantially insufficient capital or otherwise; “(4) (A) the bank has incurred or is likely to incur losses that will deplete all or substantially all of its capital, and “(B) there is no reasonable prospect for the bank’s capital to be replenished without Federal assistance; “(5) there is a violation or violations of laws, rules, or regulations, or any unsafe or unsound practice or condition which is likely to cause insolvency or substantial dissipation of assets or earnings, or is likely to weaken the bank’s condition or otherwise seriously prejudice the interests of its depositors; “(6) there is concealment of books, papers, records, or assets of the bank, or refusal to submit books, papers, records, or affairs of the bank for inspection to any examiner or to any lawful agent of the Comptroller; “(7) there is a willful or continuing violation of an order enforceable against the bank under section 8(i) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act; or “(8) the bank’s board of directors consists of fewer than 5 members. “(b) Judicial Review.— “(1) In general.— Not later than 20 days after the initial appointment of a conservator pursuant to this section, the bank may bring an action in the United States district court for the judicial district in which the home office of such bank is located, or in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, for an order requiring the Comptroller to terminate the appointment of the conservator, and the court, upon the merits, shall dismiss such action or shall direct the Comptroller to terminate the appointment of such conservator. The Comptroller’s decision to appoint a conservator pursuant to this section shall be set aside only if the court finds that such decision was arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or otherwise not in accordance with law. “(2) Stay.— The conservator may request that any judicial action or proceeding to which the conservator or the bank is or may become a party be stayed for a period of up to 45 days after the appointment of the conservator. Upon petition, the court shall grant such stay as to all parties. “(3) Actions and orders.— Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, no court may take any action regarding the removal of a conservator, or restrain, or affect the exercise of powers or functions of a conservator. A court, upon application by the Comptroller, shall have jurisdiction to enforce an order of the Comptroller relating to— “(A) the conservatorship and the bank in conservatorship, or “(B) restraining or affecting the exercise of powers or functions of a conservator. “(c) Additional Grounds for Appointment.— In addition to the foregoing provisions, the Comptroller may appoint a conservator for a bank if— “(1) the bank, by an affirmative vote of a majority of its board of directors or by an affirmative vote of a majority of its shareholders, consents to such appointment, or “(2) the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation terminates the bank’s status as an insured bank. The appointment of a conservator pursuant to this subsection shall not be subject to review. “(d) Exclusive Authority.— The Comptroller shall have exclusive power and jurisdiction to appoint a conservator for a bank. Whenever the Comptroller appoints a conservator for any bank, the Comptroller may appoint the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation conservator for such bank. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as such conservator, shall have all the powers granted under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, and (when not inconsistent therewith) any other rights, powers, and privileges possessed by conservators of banks under this Act and any other provision of law. The Comptroller may also appoint another person as conservator, who shall be subject to the provisions of this Act. “(e) Replacement of Conservator.— The Comptroller may, without notice or hearing, replace a conservator with another conservator. Such replacement shall not affect the bank’s right under subsection (b) to obtain judicial review of the Comptroller’s original decision to appoint a conservator.”.

3. 1991

   Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991

   Pub. L. 102–242 title I § 133(c) · 105 Stat. 2236

   1. Amended · 12 U.S.C. § 203(a)

      Pub. L. 102–242 amended subsec. (a) generally

   2. Substituted · 12 U.S.C. § 203(a)

      Pub. L. 102–242 substituting present provisions for provisions which specified circumstances under which Comptroller could appoint conservator

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–242 amended subsec. (a) generally, substituting present provisions for provisions which specified circumstances under which Comptroller could appoint conservator.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (c) Conforming Amendment to the Bank Conservation Act.— Section 203(a) of the Bank Conservation Act (12 U.S.C. 203(a)) is amended to read as follows: “(a) Appointment.— The Comptroller of the Currency may, without prior notice or hearings, appoint a conservator (which may be the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) to the possession and control of a bank whenever the Comptroller of the Currency determines that 1 or more of the grounds specified in section 11(c)(5) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act exist.”.

   Effective date note
   Amendment by Pub. L. 102–242 effective 1 year after Dec. 19, 1991, see section 133(g) of Pub. L. 102–242, set out as a note under section 191 of this title.

3 of 4 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial