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Title 12 — Banks and Banking

Part D · Chapter 23 — Farm Credit System

§ 2208. Prohibition against use of signed ballots

Statutory text

In any election or merger vote, or other proceeding subject to a vote of the stockholders (or subscribers to the guaranty fund of a bank for cooperatives), conducted by a lending institution of the Farm Credit System, the institution—

(1)

may not use signed ballots; and

(2)

shall implement measures to safeguard the voting process for the protection of the right of stockholders (or subscribers) to a secret ballot.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Farm Credit Act of 1971

    Pub. L. 92–181 title IV § 4 · 85 Stat. 583

    Enacted · 12 U.S.C. § 2208

    Pub. L. 92–181, title IV, § 4.20, as added Pub. L. 96–592, title IV, § 403, Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3447

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    Pub. L. 92–181, title IV, § 4.20, as added Pub. L. 96–592, title IV, § 403, Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3447

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) Sue and be sued.

  2. Agricultural Credit Act of 1987

    Pub. L. 100–233 title IV § 425 · 101 Stat. 1568

    Amended · 12 U.S.C. § 2208

    Pub. L. 100–233 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: “The provisions of (1) section 2074 of this title authorizing the Federal intermediate credit banks to lend to or discount paper for other financial institutions, and (2) section 2128(b) of this title authorizing the financing of certain domestic or foreign entities in connection with the import or export activities of cooperatives which are borrowers from the banks for cooperatives, shall expire on September 30, 1990, unless extended by Act of Congress prior to that date. Any contract or agreement entered into under the authority of either provision prior to its expiration shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such expiration.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 100–233 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: “The provisions of (1) section 2074 of this title authorizing the Federal intermediate credit banks to lend to or discount paper for other financial institutions, and (2) section 2128(b) of this title authorizing the financing of certain domestic or foreign entities in connection with the import or export activities of cooperatives which are borrowers from the banks for cooperatives, shall expire on September 30, 1990, unless extended by Act of Congress prior to that date. Any contract or agreement entered into under the authority of either provision prior to its expiration shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such expiration.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 425. REMOVAL OF CERTAIN SUNSET PROVISIONS; PROHIBITION AGAINST USE OF SIGNED BALLOTS. Section 4.20 (12 U.S.C. 2208) is amended to read as follows: “SEC. 4.20. PROHIBITION AGAINST USE OF SIGNED BALLOTS. “In any election or merger vote, or other proceeding subject to a vote of the stockholders (or subscribers to the guaranty fund of a bank for cooperatives), conducted by a lending institution of the Farm Credit System, the institution— “(1) may not use signed ballots; and “(2) shall implement measures to safeguard the voting process for the protection of the right of stockholders (or subscribers) to a secret ballot.”.

2 of 2 references resolved to an enrolled provision

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1988—Pub. L. 100–233 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: “The provisions of (1) section 2074 of this title authorizing the Federal intermediate credit banks to lend to or discount paper for other financial institutions, and (2) section 2128(b) of this title authorizing the financing of certain domestic or foreign entities in connection with the import or export activities of cooperatives which are borrowers from the banks for cooperatives, shall expire on , unless extended by Act of Congress prior to that date. Any contract or agreement entered into under the authority of either provision prior to its expiration shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such expiration.”

Credits

1980–1988 · 2 acts
  1. 1980Pub. L. 92–181, title IV, § 4.20, as added Pub. L. 96–592, title IV, § 403, , 94 Stat. 3447
  2. 1988amended Pub. L. 100–233, title IV, § 425, , 101 Stat. 1657.
Show as published

(Pub. L. 92–181, title IV, § 4.20, as added Pub. L. 96–592, title IV, § 403, , 94 Stat. 3447; amended Pub. L. 100–233, title IV, § 425, , 101 Stat. 1657.)

Parsed from the official OLRC USLM XML in data/usc_all/usc12.xml · release point 119-108 · OLRC build 2026-07-23

USLM identifier /us/usc/t12/s2208