Skip to content

Title 16 — Conservation

Chapter 31 — Marine Mammal Protection

§ 1402. Duties of Commission

Statutory text

(a)

Reports and recommendations

The Commission shall—

(1)

undertake a review and study of the activities of the United States pursuant to existing laws and international conventions relating to marine mammals, including, but not limited to, the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling, the Whaling Convention Act of 1949 [16 U.S.C. 916 et seq.], the Interim Convention on the Conservation of North Pacific Fur Seals, and the Fur Seal Act of 1966 [16 U.S.C. 1151 et seq.];

(2)

conduct a continuing review of the condition of the stocks of marine mammals, of methods for their protection and conservation, of humane means of taking marine mammals, of research programs conducted or proposed to be conducted under the authority of this chapter, and of all applications for permits for scientific research, public display, or enhancing the survival or recovery of a species or stock;

(3)

undertake or cause to be undertaken such other studies as it deems necessary or desirable in connection with its assigned duties as to the protection and conservation of marine mammals;

(4)

recommend to the Secretary and to other Federal officials such steps as it deems necessary or desirable for the protection and conservation of marine mammals;

(5)

recommend to the Secretary of State appropriate policies regarding existing international arrangements for the protection and conservation of marine mammals, and suggest appropriate international arrangements for the protection and conservation of marine mammals;

(6)

recommend to the Secretary such revisions of the endangered species list and threatened species list published pursuant to section 1533(c)(1) of this title, as may be appropriate with regard to marine mammals; and

(7)

recommend to the Secretary, other appropriate Federal officials, and Congress such additional measures as it deems necessary or desirable to further the policies of this chapter, including provisions for the protection of the Indians, Eskimos, and Aleuts whose livelihood may be adversely affected by actions taken pursuant to this chapter.

(b)

Consultation with Secretary; reports to Secretary before publication

The Commission shall consult with the Secretary at such intervals as it or he may deem desirable, and shall provide each annual report required under section 1404 1 of this title, before submission to Congress, to the Secretary for comment.

(c)

Availability of reports for public inspection

The reports and recommendations which the Commission makes shall be matters of public record and shall be available to the public at all reasonable times. All other activities of the Commission shall be matters of public record and available to the public in accordance with the provisions of section 552 of title 5.

(d)

Recommendations; explanation for nonadoption

Any recommendations made by the Commission to the Secretary and other Federal officials shall be responded to by those individuals within one hundred and twenty days after receipt thereof. Any recommendations which are not followed or adopted shall be referred to the Commission together with a detailed explanation of the reasons why those recommendations were not followed or adopted.

Footnotes

  1. 1 See References in Text note below.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972

    Pub. L. 92–522 title II § 202 · 86 Stat. 1027

    Enacted · 16 U.S.C. § 1402

    Pub. L. 92–522, title II, § 202, Oct. 21, 1972, 86 Stat. 1044

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    Pub. L. 92–522, title II, § 202, Oct. 21, 1972, 86 Stat. 1044

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 202. duties of commission (a) The Commission shall— (1) undertake a review and study of the activities of the United States pursuant to existing laws and international conventions relating to marine mammals, including, but not limited to, the 49 Stat. 3079. 64 Stat. 421. 16 USC 916 note. 8 UST 2283; 15 UST 316; 20 UST 2992. 80 Stat. 1091. 16 USC 1151 note. International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling, the Whaling Convention Act of 1949, the Interim Convention on the Conservation of North Pacific Fur Seals, and the Fur Seal Act of 1966; (2) conduct a continuing review of the condition of the stocks of marine mammals, of methods for their protection and conservation, of humane means of taking marine mammals, of research programs conducted or proposed to be conducted under the authority of this Act, and of all applications for permits for scientific research; (3) undertake or cause to be undertaken such other studies as it deems necessary or desirable in connection with its assigned duties as to the protection and conservation of marine mammals; (4) recommend to the Secretary and to other Federal officials such steps as it deems necesary or desirable for the protection and conservation of marine mammals; (5) recommend to the Secretary of State appropriate policies regarding existing international arrangements for the protection and conservation of marine mammals, and suggest appropriate international arrangements for the protection and conservation of marine mammals; (6) recommend to the Secretary of the Interior such revisions of the Endangered Species List, authorized by the Endangered 80 Stat. 926; 83 Stat. 283. 16 USC 668aa note. Species Conservation Act of 1969, as may be appropriate with regard to marine mammals; and (7) recommend to the Secretary, other appropriate Federal officials, and Congress such additional measures as it deems necessary or desirable to further the policies of this Act, including provisions for the protection of the Indians, Eskimos, and Aleuts whose livelihood may be adversely affected by actions taken pursuant to this Act. (b) The Commission shall consult with the Secretary at such intervals as it or he may deem desirable, and shall furnish its reports and recommendations to him, before publication, for his comment. (c) The reports and recommendations which the Commission makes shall be matters of public record and shall be available to the public at all reasonable times. All other activities of the Commission shall be matters of public record and available to the public in accordance 81 Stat. 54. with the provisions of section 552 of title 5, United States Code. (d) Any recommendations made by the Commission to the Secretary and other Federal officials shall be responded to by those individuals within one hundred and twenty days after receipt thereof. Any recommendations which are not followed or adopted shall be referred to the Commission together with a detailed explanation of the reasons why those recommendations were not followed or adopted.

  2. Endangered Species Art of 1973

    Pub. L. 93–205 § 13(e)(4) · 87 Stat. 884

    Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 1402(a)(6)

    Pub. L. 93–205 substituted “such revisions of the endangered species list and threatened species list published pursuant to section 1533(c)(1) of this title” for “of the Interior such revisions of the Endangered Species List, authorized by the Endangered Species Conservation Act of 1969,”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 93–205 substituted “such revisions of the endangered species list and threatened species list published pursuant to section 1533(c)(1) of this title” for “of the Interior such revisions of the Endangered Species List, authorized by the Endangered Species Conservation Act of 1969,”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) by striking out “of the Interior such revisions of the Endangered Species List, authorized by the Endangered Species Conservation Act of 1969,” in section 202(a)(6) thereof and 16 USC 1402. inserting in lieu thereof the following: “such revisions of the endangered species list and threatened species list published pursuant to section 4(c) (1) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 93–205 effective Dec. 28, 1973, see section 16 of Pub. L. 93–205, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1531 of this title.

  3. Pub. L. 97–58 § 6(1) · 95 Stat. 979

    Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 1402(b)

    Pub. L. 97–58 substituted “provide each annual report required under section 1404 of this title, before submission to Congress, to the Secretary for comment” for “furnish its reports and recommendations to him, before publication, for his comment”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–58 substituted “provide each annual report required under section 1404 of this title, before submission to Congress, to the Secretary for comment” for “furnish its reports and recommendations to him, before publication, for his comment”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by striking out “furnish its reports and recommendations to 16 USC 1402. him, before publication, for his comment.” in section 202(b) and inserting in lieu thereof “provide each annual report required under section 204, before submission to Congress, to the Secretary for comment.”; and

  4. Marine Mammal Protection Act Amendments of 1988

    Pub. L. 100–711 § 5(e)(4) · 102 Stat. 4755

    Inserted · 16 U.S.C. § 1402(a)(2)

    Pub. L. 100–711 inserted “, public display, or enhancing the survival or recovery of a species or stock” after “scientific research”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 100–711 inserted “, public display, or enhancing the survival or recovery of a species or stock” after “scientific research”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) Section 202(a)(2) of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1402(a)(2)) is amended by inserting, immediately after “scientific research”, the following: “, public display, or enhancing the survival or recovery of a species or stock”.

4 of 4 references resolved to an enrolled provision

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Whaling Convention Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is act Aug. 9, 1950, ch. 653, 64 Stat. 421, which is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 916 et seq.) of chapter 14 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 916 of this title and Tables.

The Fur Seal Act of 1966, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is Pub. L. 89–702, , 80 Stat. 1091, which is classified generally to chapter 24 (§ 1151 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1151 of this title and Tables.

Section 1404 of this title, referred to in subsec. (b), was omitted from the Code.

Amendments1973–1988 · 3 rounds

1988

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 100–711 inserted “, public display, or enhancing the survival or recovery of a species or stock” after “scientific research”.

1981

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–58 substituted “provide each annual report required under section 1404 of this title, before submission to Congress, to the Secretary for comment” for “furnish its reports and recommendations to him, before publication, for his comment”.

1973

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 93–205 substituted “such revisions of the endangered species list and threatened species list published pursuant to section 1533(c)(1) of this title” for “of the Interior such revisions of the Endangered Species List, authorized by the Endangered Species Conservation Act of 1969,”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1973 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 93–205 effective , see section 16 of Pub. L. 93–205, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1531 of this title.

Effective Date

Section effective upon the expiration of the sixty-day period following , see section 4 of Pub. L. 92–522, set out as a note under section 1361 of this title.

Credits

1972–1988 · 4 acts
  1. 1972Pub. L. 92–522, title II, § 202, , 86 Stat. 1044
  2. 1973Pub. L. 93–205, § 13(e)(4), , 87 Stat. 903
  3. 1981Pub. L. 97–58, § 6(1), , 95 Stat. 987
  4. 1988Pub. L. 100–711, § 5(e)(4), , 102 Stat. 4771.
Show as published

(Pub. L. 92–522, title II, § 202, , 86 Stat. 1044; Pub. L. 93–205, § 13(e)(4), , 87 Stat. 903; Pub. L. 97–58, § 6(1), , 95 Stat. 987; Pub. L. 100–711, § 5(e)(4), , 102 Stat. 4771.)

Parsed from the official OLRC USLM XML in data/usc_all/usc16.xml · release point 119-108 · OLRC build 2026-07-16

USLM identifier /us/usc/t16/s1402