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Title 16 — Conservation

Chapter 1B — Archaeological Resources Protection

§ 470bb. Definitions

Statutory text

As used in this chapter—

(1)

The term “archaeological resource” means any material remains of past human life or activities which are of archaeological interest, as determined under uniform regulations promulgated pursuant to this chapter. Such regulations containing such determi­nation shall include, but not be limited to: pottery, basketry, bottles, weapons, weapon projectiles, tools, structures or portions of structures, pit houses, rock paintings, rock carvings, intaglios, graves, human skeletal materials, or any portion or piece of any of the foregoing items. Nonfossilized and fossilized paleontological specimens, or any portion or piece thereof, shall not be considered archaeological resources, under the regulations under this paragraph, unless found in archaeological context. No item shall be treated as an archaeological resource under regulations under this paragraph unless such item is at least 100 years of age.

(2)

The term “Federal land manager” means, with respect to any public lands, the Secretary of the department, or the head of any other agency or instrumentality of the United States, having primary management authority over such lands. In the case of any public lands or Indian lands with respect to which no department, agency, or instrumentality has primary management authority, such term means the Secretary of the Interior. If the Secretary of the Interior consents, the responsibilities (in whole or in part) under this chapter of the Secretary of any department (other than the Department of the Interior) or the head of any other agency or instrumentality may be delegated to the Secretary of the Interior with respect to any land managed by such other Secretary or agency head, and in any such case, the term “Federal land manager” means the Secretary of the Interior.

(3)

The term “public lands” means—

(A)

lands which are owned and administered by the United States as part of—

(i)

the national park system,

(ii)

the national wildlife refuge system, or

(iii)

the national forest system; and

(B)

all other lands the fee title to which is held by the United States, other than lands on the Outer Continental Shelf and lands which are under the jurisdiction of the Smithsonian Institution.

(4)

The term “Indian lands” means lands of Indian tribes, or Indian individuals, which are either held in trust by the United States or subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by the United States, except for any subsurface interests in lands not owned or controlled by an Indian tribe or an Indian individual.

(5)

The term “Indian tribe” means any Indian tribe, band, nation, or other organized group or community, including any Alaska Native village or regional or village corporation as defined in, or established pursuant to, the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (85 Stat. 688) [43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.].

(6)

The term “person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, trust, institution, association, or any other private entity or any officer, employee, agent, department, or instrumentality of the United States, of any Indian tribe, or of any State or political subdivision thereof.

(7)

The term “State” means any of the fifty States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979

    Pub. L. 96–95 § 3 · 93 Stat. 721

    Enacted · 16 U.S.C. § 470bb

    Pub. L. 96–95, § 3, Oct. 31, 1979, 93 Stat. 721

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    Pub. L. 96–95, § 3, Oct. 31, 1979, 93 Stat. 721

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 3. definitions As used in this Act— 16 USC 4770bb. (1) The term “archaeological resource” means any material remains of past human life or activities which are of archaeological interest, as determined under uniform regulations promulgated pursuant to this Act. Such regulations containing such determination shall include, but not be limited to: pottery, basketry, bottles, weapons, weapon projectiles, tools, structures or portions of structures, pit houses, rock paintings, rock carvings, intaglios, graves, human skeletal materials, or any portion or piece of any of the foregoing items. Nonfossilized and fossilized paleontological specimens, or any portion or piece thereof, shall not be considered archaeological resources, under the regulations under this paragraph, unless found in an archaeological context. No item shall be treated as an archaeological resource under regulations under this paragraph unless such item is at least 100 years of age. (2) The term “Federal land manager” means, with respect to any public lands, the Secretary of the department, or the head of any other agency or instrumentality of the United States, having primary management authority over such lands. In the case of any public lands or Indian lands with respect to which no department, agency, or instrumentality has primary management authority, such term means the Secretary of the Interior. If the Secretary of the Interior consents, the responsibilities (in whole or in part) under this Act of the Secretary of any department (other than the Department of the Interior) or the head of any other agency or instrumentality may be delegated to the Secretary of the Interior with respect to any land managed by such other Secretary or agency head, and in any such case, the term “Federal land manager” means the Secretary of the Interior. (3) The term “public lands” means— (A) lands which are owned and administered by the United States as part of— (i) the national park system, (ii) the national wildlife refuge system, or (iii) the national forest system; and (B) all other lands the fee title to which is held by the United States, other than lands on the Outer Continental Shelf and lands which are under the jurisdiction of the Smithsonian Institution; (4) The term “Indian lands” means lands of Indian tribes, or Indian individuals, which are either held in trust by the United States or subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by the United States, except for any subsurface interests in lands not owned or controlled by an Indian tribe or an Indian individual. (5) The term “Indian tribe” means any Indian tribe, band, nation, or other organized group or community, including any Alaska Native village or regional or village corporation as defined in, or established pursuant to, the Alaska Native Claims 43 USC 1001 note. Settlement Act (85 Stat. 688). (6) The term “person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, trust, institution, association, or any other private entity or arty officer, employee, agent, department, or instrumentality of the United States, of any Indian tribe, or of any State or political subdivision thereof. (7) The term “State” means any of the fifty States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands.

  2. Pub. L. 100–588 § 1(a) · 102 Stat. 2983

    Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 470bb(3)

    Pub. L. 100–588 substituted a period for semicolon at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Par. (3). Pub. L. 100–588 substituted a period for semicolon at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Section 3(3) of such Act is amended by striking out the semicolon 16 USC 470bb. at the end thereof and substituting a period.

2 of 2 references resolved to an enrolled provision

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, referred to in par. (5), is Pub. L. 92–203, , 85 Stat. 688, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§ 1601 et seq.) of Title 43, Public Lands. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of Title 43 and Tables.

Amendments

1988—Par. (3). Pub. L. 100–588 substituted a period for semicolon at end.

Credits

1979–1988 · 2 acts
  1. 1979Pub. L. 96–95, § 3, , 93 Stat. 721
  2. 1988Pub. L. 100–588, § 1(a), , 102 Stat. 2983.
Show as published

(Pub. L. 96–95, § 3, , 93 Stat. 721; Pub. L. 100–588, § 1(a), , 102 Stat. 2983.)

Parsed from the official OLRC USLM XML in data/usc_all/usc16.xml · release point 119-108 · OLRC build 2026-07-16

USLM identifier /us/usc/t16/s470bb