§ 620c. Restriction on exports of unprocessed timber from State and other public lands

Footnotes

1. 1 See References in Text note below.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1990

   Forest Resources Conservation and Shortage Relief Act of 1990

   Pub. L. 101–382 title IV § 491 · 104 Stat. 629

   Enacted · 16 U.S.C. § 620c

   Pub. L. 101–382, title IV, § 491, Aug. 20, 1990, 104 Stat. 719

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Pub. L. 101–382, title IV, § 491, Aug. 20, 1990, 104 Stat. 719

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   SEC. 491. RESTRICTION ON EXPORTS OF UNPROCESSED TIMBER FROM STATE AND OTHER PUBLIC LANDS. (a) Order To Prohibit the Export of Unprocessed Timber Originating From State or Other Public Lands.— Except as provided in subsection (e), the Secretary of Commerce shall issue orders to prohibit the export from the United States of unprocessed timber originating from public lands, in the amounts specified in subsection (b). (b) Schedule for Determination To Prohibit the Export of Unprocessed Timber Originating From State or Other Public Lands.— (1) States with annual sales of 400,000,000 board feet or less.— With respect to States with annual sales volumes of 400,000,000 board feet or less, the Secretary of Commerce shall issue an order referred to in subsection (a) to prohibit the export of unprocessed timber originating from public lands not later than 21 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. (2) States with annual sales of greater than 400,000,000 board feet.— With respect to any State with an annual sales volume greater than 400,000,000 board feet, the following shall apply: (A) The Secretary of Commerce shall issue an order referred to in subsection (a) not later than 21 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. Such order shall cover a period beginning 120 days after the issuance of such an order, or January 1, 1991, whichever is earlier, and shall extend to December 31, 1991. Such order shall prohibit the export of 75 percent of the annual sales volume in such State of unprocessed timber from public lands. (B) For the period beginning on January 1, 1992, and ending on December 31, 1993, the Secretary of Commerce shall, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, issue an order referred to in subsection (a) not later than September 30, 1991. Such order shall prohibit the export of at least 75 percent of such State’s annual sales volume for this 2--year period. (C) For the period beginning on January 1, 1994, and ending on December 31, 1995, the Secretary of Commerce shall, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, issue an order referred to in subsection (a) not later than September 30, 1993. Such order shall prohibit the export of at least 75 percent of such State’s annual sales volume for this 2--year period. (D) For all periods on or after January 1, 1996, the Secretary of Commerce shall issue an order referred to in subsection (a) not later than September 30, 1995. Such order shall prohibit the export of the lesser of 400,000,000 board feet or the total annual sales volume. (3) Report to congress.— Not later than June 1, 1995, the Secretary of Commerce, in conjunction with the Secretaries of Agriculture and Interior, shall issue a report to the Congress on the effects of the reallocation, as a result of the enactment of this title, of public lands timber resources to the domestic timber processing sector, the ability of the domestic timber processing sector to meet domestic demand for forest products, the volume of transshipment of timber originating from public lands across State borders, the effectiveness of rules issued and administered by States pursuant to this title, and trends in growth and productivity in the domestic timber processing sector. (c) Basis for Increase in Volume Prohibited From Export.— The Secretary of Commerce may increase the amount of unprocessed timber to be prohibited from export above the mini-mum amount specified in subsection (b)(2) (B) and (C), based on a determination that the purposes of this title have not been adequately met and that such an increase would further the purposes of this title. In making this determination, the Secretary shall consider— (1) actions or decisions taken, for the purpose of conserving or protecting exhaustible natural resources in the United States, which have affected the use or availability of forest products; (2) whether the volume of timber from public lands that is under contract has increased or decreased by an amount greater than 20 percent within the previous 12 months; and (3) the probable effects of unprocessed timber exports on the ability of timber mills to acquire unprocessed timber. (d) Administrative Provisions.— (1) Delay of secretary’s order.— In the event that any order of the Secretary of Commerce under subsection (a) or its implementation is delayed for any reason, the prohibitions on exports under subsection (b) to which such order would apply shall apply in the absence of such order. (2) Administration by states.— Each State shall determine the species, grade, and geographic origin of unprocessed timber to be prohibited from export under subsection (b) and shall administer such prohibitions consistent with the intent of this title and ensure that the species, grades, and geographic origin of unprocessed timber prohibited from export is representative of the species, grades, and geographic origin of timber comprising such State’s total timber sales program. The State is authorized to cooperate with Federal and State agencies with appropriate jurisdiction to further the intent of this title. (3) State regulations.— (A) Except for States with annual sales of 400,000,000 board feet or less upon the date of the enactment of this Act, the Governor of each State to which this title applies, or such other State official as the Governor may designate, shall, within 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, issue regulations to carry out the purposes of this section, the promulgation of which shall be consistent with section 553 of title 5, United States Code. Such regulations in each State shall remain in effect until such time as the legislature of that State enacts such requirements as it deems appropriate to carry out this section. Before issuing such regulations, the Governor shall enter into formal consultation, concerning such regulations, with appropriate State officials and with a State Board of Natural Resources where such a board exists. When formulating regulations under this paragraph, the Governor shall take into account the intent of this title to effect a net increase in domestic processing of timber harvested from public lands consistent with all orders issued by the Secretary of Commerce under subsection (a). (B) The Governor of each State with annual sales of 400,000,000 board feet or less upon the date of the enactment of this Act, or such other State official as the Governor may designate, shall, within 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, issue regulations to carry out the purposes of this section. Until such regulations are issued in a State, the prohibitions contained in subsections (a) and (b) of section 490 shall apply to unprocessed timber originating from public lands in that State to the same extent as such prohibitions apply to unprocessed timber originating from Federal lands, except that the provisions of subsection (c) of such section shall not apply. (4) Prior contracts.— Nothing in this section shall apply to any contract for the purchase of unprocessed timber from public lands entered into before the effective date of a Secretary’s order issued under subsection (a). (5) Western red cedar.— Nothing in this section shall be construed to supersede the provisions of section 7(i) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2406(i)). (e) Presidential Authority.— The President is authorized, after suitable notice and a public comment period of not less than 120 days, to suspend the provisions of this section if a panel of experts has reported to the Contracting Parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, or a ruling issued under the formal dispute settlement proceeding provided under any other trade agreement finds, that the provisions of this section are in violation of, or inconsistent with, United States obligations under that trade agreement. (f) Removal or Modifications of State Restrictions.— Based upon a determination that it is in the national economic interest, the President may remove or modify any prohibition on exports from public lands in a State if that State petitions the President to remove or modify such prohibition. (g) Effect of Prior Federal Law.— No provision of Federal law which imposes requirements with respect to the generation of revenue from State timberlands and was enacted before the enactment of this Act shall be construed to invalidate, supersede, or otherwise affect any action of a State or political subdivision of a State pursuant to this title. (h) Surplus Timber.— The prohibitions on exports contained in orders of the Secretary of Commerce issued under subsection (a) shall not apply to specific quantities of grades and species of unprocessed timber originating from public lands which the Secretary concerned determines by rule to be surplus to the needs of timber manufacturing facilities in the United States. Any such determination may, by rule, be withdrawn by the Secretary concerned if the Secretary determines that the affected timber is no longer surplus to the needs of timber manufacturing facilities in the United States. (i) Suspension of Prohibitions.— Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, beginning on January 1, 1998, and annually thereafter, if the President finds, upon review of the purposes and implementation of this title, that the prohibitions on exports required by subsection (a) no longer promote the purposes of this title, then the President may suspend such prohibitions, except that such suspension shall not take effect until 90 days after the President notifies the Congress of such finding. (j) Existing Authority Not Affected.— Nothing in this title shall be construed to limit the authority of the President or the United States Trade Representative to take action authorized by law to respond appropriately to any measures taken by a foreign government in connection with this title.

2. 1993

   Pub. L. 103–45 § 2(1) · 107 Stat. 223

   1. Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(a)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(1), substituted “(g)” for “(e)”

   2. Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(a)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(1), substituted “as provided” for “in the amounts specified”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(1), substituted “(g)” for “(e)” and “as provided” for “in the amounts specified”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) in subsection (a)— (A) by striking “(e)” and inserting “(g)”; and (B) by striking “in the amounts specified” and inserting “as provided”;

3. 1993

   Pub. L. 103–45 § 2(2)(A) · 107 Stat. 223

   1. Inserted · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(1)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(A), inserted “, notwithstanding any other provision of law,” after “prohibit”

   2. Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(1)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(A), substituted “, effective June 1, 1993” for “not later than 21 days after August 20, 1990”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(A), inserted “, notwithstanding any other provision of law,” after “prohibit” and substituted “, effective June 1, 1993” for “not later than 21 days after August 20, 1990”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (A) in paragraph (1)— (i) by inserting “, notwithstanding any other provision of law,” after “prohibit”; and (ii) by striking “not later than 21 days after the date of the enactment of this Act” and inserting “, effective June 1, 1993”;

4. 1993

   Pub. L. 103–45 § 2(2)(B) · 107 Stat. 223

   1. Added · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(2)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(B), added subpar. (A)

   2. Struck · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(2)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(B), struck out former subpar. (A)

   3. Redesignated · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(2)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(B), redesignated subpar. (D) as (B)

   4. Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(2)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(B), substituted “annual sales volume in that State of unprocessed timber originating from public lands” for “total annual sales volume” at end

   5. Struck · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(2)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(B), struck out former subpars. (B) and (C). Prior to amendment, former subpars. (A) to (C) read as follows:

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(B), added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. (A), redesignated subpar. (D) as (B) and substituted “annual sales volume in that State of unprocessed timber originating from public lands” for “total annual sales volume” at end, and struck out former subpars. (B) and (C). Prior to amendment, former subpars. (A) to (C) read as follows:

   “(A) The Secretary of Commerce shall issue an order referred to in subsection (a) of this section not later than 21 days after August 20, 1990. Such order shall cover a period beginning 120 days after the issuance of such an order, or January 1, 1991, whichever is earlier, and shall extend to December 31, 1991. Such order shall prohibit the export of 75 percent of the annual sales volume in such State of unprocessed timber from public lands. “(B) For the period beginning on January 1, 1992, and ending on December 31, 1993, the Secretary of Commerce shall, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, issue an order referred to in subsection (a) of this section not later than September 30, 1991. Such order shall prohibit the export of at least 75 percent of such State’s annual sales volume for this 2-year period. “(C) For the period beginning on January 1, 1994, and ending on December 31, 1995, the Secretary of Commerce shall, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, issue an order referred to in subsection (a) of this section not later than September 30, 1993. Such order shall prohibit the export of at least 75 percent of such State’s annual sales volume for this 2-year period.”

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (B) in paragraph (2)— (i) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the following new subparagraph:

5. 1993

   Pub. L. 103–45 § 2(2)(C) · 107 Stat. 223

   1. Added · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(3); 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(4)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(C), (D), added par. (3)

   2. Redesignated · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(3); 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(4)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(C), (D), redesignated former par. (3) as (4)

   3. Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(3); 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(4)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(C), (D), substituted “the Secretary of Commerce pursuant to sections 620 to 620j of this title and the effectiveness of State programs authorized under subsection (d)” for “States pursuant to sections 620 to 620j of this title”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(3), (4). Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(2)(C), (D), added par. (3), redesignated former par. (3) as (4), and substituted “the Secretary of Commerce pursuant to sections 620 to 620j of this title and the effectiveness of State programs authorized under subsection (d)” for “States pursuant to sections 620 to 620j of this title”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (C) in paragraph (3)— (i) by redesignating such paragraph as paragraph (4); and (ii) by striking “States pursuant to this title” and inserting “the Secretary of Commerce pursuant to this title and the effectiveness of State programs authorized under subsection (d)”; and

6. 1993

   Pub. L. 103–45 § 2(3) · 107 Stat. 223

   1. Added · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(c)(l)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(3), (4), added subsecs. (c) to (f)

   2. Struck · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(c)(l)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(3), (4), struck out former subsecs. (c) and (d) which related to basis for increase in volume prohibited from export and administrative provisions, respectively

   3. Redesignated · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(c)(l)

      Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(3), (4), redesignated former subsecs. (e) to (j) as (g) to (l), respectively

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsecs. (c) to (l). Pub. L. 103–45, § 2(3), (4), added subsecs. (c) to (f), struck out former subsecs. (c) and (d) which related to basis for increase in volume prohibited from export and administrative provisions, respectively, and redesignated former subsecs. (e) to (j) as (g) to (l), respectively.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (3) by redesignating subsections (e) through (j) as subsections (g) through (1), respectively; and

7. 1997

   Pub. L. 105–83 title VI § 602(b) · 111 Stat. 1543

   1. Struck · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(2)

      Pub. L. 105–83 struck out “the following shall apply:” in introductory provisions

   2. Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(2)

      Pub. L. 105–83 substituted “the Secretary” for “(A) The Secretary”

   3. Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(2)

      Pub. L. 105–83 substituted “as of November 14, 1997” for “during the period beginning on June 1, 1993, and ending on December 31, 1995”

   4. Struck · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(b)(2)

      Pub. L. 105–83 struck out subpar. (B) which read as follows: “For all periods on or after January 1, 1996, the Secretary of Commerce shall issue an order referred to in subsection (a) of this section not later than September 30, 1995. Such order shall prohibit the export of the lesser of 400,000,000 board feet or the annual sales volume in that State of unprocessed timber originating from public lands.”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 105–83 struck out “the following shall apply:” in introductory provisions, substituted “the Secretary” for “(A) The Secretary” and “as of November 14, 1997” for “during the period beginning on June 1, 1993, and ending on December 31, 1995”, and struck out subpar. (B) which read as follows: “For all periods on or after January 1, 1996, the Secretary of Commerce shall issue an order referred to in subsection (a) of this section not later than September 30, 1995. Such order shall prohibit the export of the lesser of 400,000,000 board feet or the annual sales volume in that State of unprocessed timber originating from public lands.”

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (b) Restriction of Exports of Unprocessed Timber From State and Public Land.— Section 491(b)(2) of the Forest Resources Conservation and Shortage Relief Act of 1990 (16 U.S.C. 620c(b)(2)) is amended— (1) by striking “the following” and all that follows through “(A) The Secretary” and inserting “the Secretary”; (2) by striking “during the period beginning on June 1, 1993, and ending on December 31, 1995” and inserting “as of the date of enactment of the Forest Resources Conservation and Shortage Relief Act of 1997”; and (3) by striking subparagraph (B).

8. 1999

   Miscellaneous Trade and Technical Corrections Act of 1999

   Pub. L. 106–36 title I § 1002(a)(2) · 113 Stat. 127

   Substituted · 16 U.S.C. § 620c(g)

   Pub. L. 106–36 substituted “Dispute Settlement Body of the World Trade Organization (as the term ‘World Trade Organization’ is defined in section 3501(8) of title 19)” for “Contracting Parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 106–36 substituted “Dispute Settlement Body of the World Trade Organization (as the term ‘World Trade Organization’ is defined in section 3501(8) of title 19)” for “Contracting Parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (2) Section 491(g) of that Act (16 U.S.C. 620c(g)) is amended by striking “Contracting Parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade” and inserting “Dispute Settlement Body of the World Trade Organization (as the term ‘World Trade Organization’ is defined in section 2(8) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act)”.

21 of 21 references resolved to an enrolled provision