§ 1584. Sale into involuntary servitude

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1948

   Pub. L. 80–645 · 62 Stat. 683

   Enacted · 18 U.S.C. § 1584

   June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 773

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 773

2. 1994

   Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

   Pub. L. 103–322 title XXXIII § 330016(1)(K) · 108 Stat. 1796

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 1584

   Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $5,000”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $5,000”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (K) in sections 35, 81, 112, 152, 153, 155, 212, 213, 214, 285, 334, 351, 435, 436, 438, 471, 472, 473, 476, 477, 478, 481, 485, 487, 488, 497, 498, 505, 506, 508, 509, 541, 542, 543, 544, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 592, 593, 602, 603, 606, 607, 642, 655, 658, 659, 660, 661, 663, 751, 799, 844, 872, 874, 875, 876, 877, 878, 914, 915, 924, 953, 954, 956, 1004, 1010, 1011, 1015, 1017, 1025, 1028, 1071, 1073, 1074, 1163, 1169, 1231, 1265, 1363, 1421, 1422, 1423, 1424, 1425, 1426, 1427, 1428, 1429, 1461, 1462, 1463, 1465, 1503, 1505, 1506, 1507, 1510, 1581, 1582, 1583, 1584, 1585, 1588, 1658, 1659, 1717, 1732, 1735, 1737, 1751, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1915, 1991, 2072, 2073, 2113, 2217, 2152, 2197, 2231, 2244, 2314, 2316, 2317, 2344, and 2701 by striking “not more than $5,000” each place it appears and inserting “under this title”;

3. 1996

   Pub. L. 104–208 div. C title II § 218(a) · 110 Stat. 3009

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 1584

   Pub. L. 104–208 substituted “10 years” for “five years”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 104–208 substituted “10 years” for “five years”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) Amendments to Title 18.— Sections 1581, 1583, 1584, and 1588 of title 18, United States Code, are amended by striking “five” each place it appears and inserting “10”.

   Effective date note
   Amendment by Pub. L. 104–208 applicable with respect to offenses occurring on or after Sept. 30, 1996, see section 218(d) of Pub. L. 104–208, set out as a note under section 1581 of this title.

4. 2000

   Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000

   Pub. L. 106–386 div. A § 112(a)(1) · 114 Stat. 1464

   1. Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 1584

      Pub. L. 106–386 substituted “20 years” for “10 years”

   2. Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 1584

      Pub. L. 106–386 inserted at end “If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both.”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 106–386 substituted “20 years” for “10 years” and inserted at end “If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both.”

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) in each of sections 1581(a), 1583, and 1584— (A) by striking “10 years” and inserting “20 years”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both.”;

5. 2008

   William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008

   Pub. L. 110–457 title II § 222(b)(2) · 122 Stat. 5044

   1. Amended · 18 U.S.C. § 1584

      Pub. L. 110–457 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a)

   2. Added · 18 U.S.C. § 1584

      Pub. L. 110–457 added subsec. (b)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 110–457 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (2) Sale into involuntary servitude.— Section 1584 of such title is amended— (A) by striking “Whoever” and inserting the following: “(a) Whoever” ; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(b) Whoever obstructs, attempts to obstruct, or in any way interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be subject to the penalties described in subsection (a).” .

6 of 7 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial