§ 6001. Definitions

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1970

   Organized Time Control Act of 1970

   Pub. L. 91–452 title II § 201(a) · 84 Stat. 922

   Enacted · 18 U.S.C. § 6001

   Added Pub. L. 91–452, title II, § 201(a), Oct. 15, 1970, 84 Stat. 926

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Added Pub. L. 91–452, title II, § 201(a), Oct. 15, 1970, 84 Stat. 926

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) Title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding 62 Stat. 856. 18 USC 5001. immediately after part IV the following new part: “Part V— Immunity of Witnesses “Sec. “6001. Definitions. “6002. Immunity generally. “6003. Court and grand jury proceedings. “6004. Certain administrative proceedings. “6005. Congressional proceedings. “§ 6001. Definitions “As used in this part— “(1) ‘agency of the United States’ means any executive department 80 Stat. 378, 948. as defined in section 101 of title 5, United States Code, a military department as defined in section 102 of title 5, United States Code, the Atomic Energy Commission, the China Trade Act registrar appointed under 53 Stat. 1432 (15 U.S.C. sec. 143), the Civil Aeronautics Board, the Federal Communications Commission, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Maritime Commission, the Federal Power Commission, the Federal Trade Commission, the Interstate Commerce Commission, the National Labor Relations Board, the National Transportation Safety Board, the Railroad Retirement Board, an arbitration Post, p. 930. board established under 48 Stat. 1193 (45 U.S.C. sec. 157), the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Subversive Activities Control Board, or a board established under 49 Stat. 31 (15 U.S.C. sec. 715d); “(2) ‘other information’ includes any book, paper, document, record, recording, or other material; “(3) ‘proceeding before an agency of the United States’ means any proceeding before such an agency with respect to which it is authorized to issue subpenas and to take testimony or receive other information from witnesses under oath; and “(4) ‘court, of the United States’ means any of the following courts: the Supreme Court of the United States, a United States court of appeals, a United States district, court established under chapter 5, title 28, United States Code, the District of Columbia 62 Stat. 872; Ante, p. 294. 28 USC 81. Court of Appeals, the Superior Court of the District of Columbia, the District Court of Guam, the District Court of the Virgin Islands, the United States Court of Claims, the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals, the Tax Court of the United States, the Customs Court, and the Court of Military Appeals. “§ 6002. Immunity generally “Whenever a witness refuses, on the basis of his privilege against self-incrimination, to testify or provide other information in a proceeding before or ancillary to— “(1) a court or grand jury of the United States, “(2) an agency of the United States, or “(3) either House of Congress, a joint committee of the two Houses, or a committee or a subcommittee of either House, and the person presiding over the proceeding communicates to the witness an order issued under this part, the witness may not refuse to comply with the order on the basis of his privilege against self-incrimination; but no testimony or other information compelled under the order (or any information directly or indirectly derived from such testimony or other information) may be used against the witness in any criminal case, except a prosecution for perjury, giving a false statement, or otherwise failing to comply with the order. “§ 6003. Court and grand jury proceedings “(a) In the case of any individual who has been or may be called to testify or provide other information at any proceeding before or ancillary to a court of the United States or a grand jury of the United States, the United States district court for the judicial district in which the proceeding is or may be held shall issue, in accordance with subsection (b) of this section, upon the request of the United States attorney for such district, an order requiring such individual to give testimony or provide other information which he refuses to give or provide on the basis of his privilege against self-incrimination, such order to become effective as provided in section 6002 of this part. “(b) A United States attorney may, with the approval of the Attorney General, the Deputy Attorney General, or any designated Assistant Attorney General, request an order under subsection (a) of this section when in his judgment— “(1) the testimony or other information from such individual may be necessary to the public interest; and “(2) such individual has refused or is likely to refuse to testify or provide other information on the basis of his privilege against self-incrimination. “§ 6004. Certain administrative proceedings “(a) In the case of any individual who has been or who may be called to testify or provide other information at any proceeding before an agency of the United States, the agency may, with the approval of the Attorney General, issue, in accordance with subsection (b) of this section, an order requiring the individual to give testimony or provide other information which he refuses to give or provide on the basis of his privilege against self-incrimination, such order to become effective as provided in section 6002 of this part. “(b) An agency of the United States may issue an order under subsection (a) of this section only if in its judgment.— “(1) the testimony or other information from such individual may be necessary to the public interest; and “(2) such individual has refused or is likely to refuse to testify or provide other information on the basis of his privilege against self-incrimination. “§ 6005. Congressional proceedings “(a) In the case of any individual who has been or may be called to testify or provide other information at any proceeding before either House of Congress, or any committee, or any subcommittee of either House, or any joint committee of the two Houses, a United States district court shall issue, in accordance with subsection (b) of this section, upon the request of a duly authorized representative of the House of Congress or the committee concerned, an order requiring such individual to give testimony or provide other information which he refuses to give or provide on the basis of his privilege against self-incrimination, such order to become effective as provided in section 6002 of this part. “(b) Before issuing an order under subsection (a) of this section, a United States district court shall find that— “(1) in the case of a proceeding before either House of Congress, the request for such an order has been approved by an affirmative vote of a majority of the Members present of that House; “(2) in the case of a proceeding before a committee or a subcommittee of either House of Congress or a joint committee of both Houses, the request for such an order has been approved by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the members of the full committee; and “(3) ten days or more prior to the day on which the request for such an order was made, the Attorney General was served with notice of an intention to request the order “(c) Upon application of the Attorney General, the United States district court shall defer the issuance of any order under subsection (a) of this section for such period, not longer than twenty days from the date of the request for such order, as the Attorney General may specify.”

2. 1978

   Futures Trading Act of 1978

   Pub. L. 95–405 § 25 · 92 Stat. 865

   Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(1)

   Pub. L. 95–405 inserted “the Commodity Futures Trading Commission,” after “Civil Aeronautics Board,”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Par. (1). Pub. L. 95–405 inserted “the Commodity Futures Trading Commission,” after “Civil Aeronautics Board,”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   Sec. 25. Section 6001 of part V of title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 6001) is amended by inserting after “Civil Aeronautics Board,” the following: “the Commodity Futures Trading Commission,”.

3. 1978

   Pub. L. 95–598 title III § 314 · 92 Stat. 2549

   Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(4)

   Pub. L. 95–598 inserted “a United States bankruptcy court established under chapter 6, title 28, United States Code,” after “title 28, United States Code,”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Par. (4). Pub. L. 95–598 inserted “a United States bankruptcy court established under chapter 6, title 28, United States Code,” after “title 28, United States Code,”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   Sec. 314. (a) Chapter 9 of title 18 of the United States Code is 18 USC 151 et seq. amended— (1) by striking out “bankrupt” each place it appears and inserting “debtor” in lieu thereof; (2) by striking out “bankruptcy proceeding” each place it appears and inserting “case under title 11” in lieu thereof; (3) by striking out “bankruptcy law” each place it appears and inserting “provisions of title 11” in lieu thereof. (b) (1) Title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out section 151 and inserting in lieu thereof the following: “§151. Definition “As used in this chapter, the term ‘debtor’ means a debtor concerning whom a petition has been filed under title 11.”. (2) The item relating to section 151 in the table of sections for chapter 9 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “Definitions” and inserting “Definition” in lieu thereof. (c) Section 152 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by— (1) striking out “the receiver,” each place it appears and inserting “a” in lieu thereof; and (2) striking out “document affecting or relating to the property or affairs of a” and inserting in lieu thereof “recorded information, including books, documents, records, and papers, relating to the property or financial affairs of a”. (d) (1) Section 153 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “receiver,”. (2) The heading for section 153 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “, receiver”. (3) The item relating to section 153 in the table of sections for chapter 9 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “, receiver”. (e) (1) Section 154 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended— (A) by striking out “Whoever knowingly acts as a referee in a case in which he is directly or indirectly interested; or”; and (B) by striking out “referee, receiver,”. (2) The heading for section 154 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “referees and other”. (3) The item relating to section 154 in the table of contents for chapter 9 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “referees and other”. (f) (1) Section 155 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended— (A) by striking out the semicolon at the end of the first paragraph thereof and all that follows down through “Shall” and inserting in lieu thereof “, shall”; (B) by inserting “knowingly and fraudulently” immediately after “supervision,”; and (C) by striking out “, bankruptcy or reorganization proceeding” and inserting “or case under title 11” in lieu thereof. (2) The heading for section 155 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “bankruptcy proceedings” and inserting in lieu thereof “cases under title 11 and receiverships”. (3) The item relating to section 155 in the table of sections for chapter 9 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “bankruptcy proceedings” and inserting “cases under title 11 and receiverships” in lieu thereof. (g) Section 1961(1)(D) of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “bankruptcy fraud” and inserting “fraud connected with a case under title 11” in lieu thereof. (h) Section 2516(1)(e) of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “bankruptcy fraud” and inserting “fraud connected with a case under title 11” in lieu thereof. (i) Section 3057 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended— (1) by striking out “referee” each place it appears and inserting “judge” in lieu thereof; and (2) by striking out “violations of the bankruptcy laws” and inserting “violation under chapter 9 of this title” in lieu thereof. (j) (1) Section 2256 of title 28 of the United States Code is redesignated as section 3244 of title 18 of the United States Code. (2) The table of sections of chapter 211 of title 18 of the United 18 USC 3231 et seq. States Code is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: “3244. Jurisdiction of proceedings relating to transferred offenders.”. (k) Section 3284 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “bankrupt or other debtor” and inserting “debtor in a case under title 11” in lieu thereof. (l) Section 6001(4) of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by inserting “a United States bankruptcy court established under chapter 6, title 28, United States Code,” immediately after “title 28, United States Code,”.

4. 1980

   Customs Courts Act of 1980

   Pub. L. 96–417 title VI § 601(1) · 94 Stat. 1727

   Redesignated · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(4)

   Pub. L. 96–417 redesignated the Customs Court as the Court of International Trade

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Par. (4). Pub. L. 96–417 redesignated the Customs Court as the Court of International Trade.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) Section 6001 of title 18, United States Code.

5. 1982

   Federal Courts Improvement Act of 1982

   Pub. L. 97–164 title I § 164(1) · 96 Stat. 25

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(4)

   Pub. L. 97–164 substituted “the United States Claims Court” for “the United States Court of Claims, the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Par. (4). Pub. L. 97–164 substituted “the United States Claims Court” for “the United States Court of Claims, the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) Section 6001(4) of title 18, United States Code.

6. 1992

   AnnunzioWylie Anti-Money Laundering Act

   Pub. L. 102–550 title XV § 1543 · 106 Stat. 3672

   Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(1)

   Pub. L. 102–550 inserted “the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,” after “the Atomic Energy Commission,”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Par. (1). Pub. L. 102–550 inserted “the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,” after “the Atomic Energy Commission,”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   SEC. 1543. IMMUNITY. Section 6001(1) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting “the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,” after “the Atomic Energy Commission,”.

7. 1992

   Court of Federal Claims Technical and Procedural Improvements Act of 1992

   Pub. L. 102–572 title IX § 902(b)(1) · 106 Stat. 4506

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(4)

   Pub. L. 102–572 substituted “United States Court of Federal Claims” for “United States Claims Court”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Par. (4). Pub. L. 102–572 substituted “United States Court of Federal Claims” for “United States Claims Court”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) the “United States Claims Court” shall be deemed to refer to the “United States Court of Federal Claims”; and

8. 1994

   Pub. L. 103–272 § 4(d) · 108 Stat. 745

   Struck · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(1)

   Pub. L. 103–272 struck out “the Civil Aeronautics Board,” before “the Commodity Futures”

   Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 103–272 struck out “the Civil Aeronautics Board,” before “the Commodity Futures”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (d) Section 6001(1) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking “the Civil Aeronautics Board,”.

9. 1994

   Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

   Pub. L. 103–322 § 330013(3) · 108 Stat. 1796

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 6001

   Pub. L. 103–322, § 330013(3), substituted “chapter” for “part” in introductory provisions

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 103–322, § 330013(3), substituted “chapter” for “part” in introductory provisions.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (3) by striking “part” the first place it appears and inserting “chapter”; and

10. 1994

    Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

    Pub. L. 103–322 § 330013(2) · 108 Stat. 1796

    1. Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(1)

       Pub. L. 103–322, § 330013(2), substituted “Nuclear Regulatory Commission” for “Atomic Energy Commission”

    2. Struck · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(1)

       Pub. L. 103–322, § 330013(2), struck out “the Subversive Activities Control Board,” after “Securities and Exchange Commission,”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Par. (1). Pub. L. 103–322, § 330013(2), substituted “Nuclear Regulatory Commission” for “Atomic Energy Commission” and struck out “the Subversive Activities Control Board,” after “Securities and Exchange Commission,”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in section 6001(1)— (A) by striking “Atomic Energy Commission” and inserting “Nuclear Regulatory Commission”; and (B) by striking “the Subversive Activities Control Board,”

11. 1994

    National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995

    Pub. L. 103–337 div. A title IX § 924(d)(1)(B) · 108 Stat. 2663

    Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(4)

    Pub. L. 103–337 substituted “Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces” for “Court of Military Appeals”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Par. (4). Pub. L. 103–337 substituted “Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces” for “Court of Military Appeals”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) In title 18, sections 202(e)(2) and 6001(4).

12. 1995

    ICC Termination Act of 1995

    Pub. L. 104–88 title III § 303(2) · 109 Stat. 803

    Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 6001(1)

    Pub. L. 104–88 substituted “Surface Transportation Board” for “Interstate Commerce Commission”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Par. (1). Pub. L. 104–88 substituted “Surface Transportation Board” for “Interstate Commerce Commission”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in section 6001(1) by striking “Interstate Commerce Commission” and inserting in lieu thereof “Surface Transportation Board”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 104–88 effective Jan. 1, 1996, see section 2 of Pub. L. 104–88, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1301 of Title 49, Transportation.

13 of 13 references resolved to an enrolled provision