Title 18 — Crimes and Criminal Procedure
Part I · Chapter 33 — Emblems, Insignia, and Names
§ 712. Misuse of names, words, emblems, or insignia
Statutory text
Whoever, in the course of collecting or aiding in the collection of private debts or obligations, or being engaged in furnishing private police, investigation, or other private detective services, uses or employs in any communication, correspondence, notice, advertisement, or circular the words “national”, “Federal”, or “United States”, the initials “U.S.”, or any emblem, insignia, or name, for the purpose of conveying and in a manner reasonably calculated to convey the false impression that such communication is from a department, agency, bureau, or instrumentality of the United States or in any manner represents the United States, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.
Legislative history
Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.
Pub. L. 86–291 § 1 · 73 Stat. 568
Enacted · 18 U.S.C. § 712
Added Pub. L. 86–291, § 1, Sept. 21, 1959, 73 Stat. 570
Source evidence
Code source credit
Added Pub. L. 86–291, § 1, Sept. 21, 1959, 73 Stat. 570Pub. L. 93–147 § 1(a) · 87 Stat. 554
Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 712
Pub. L. 93–147 substituted “Misuse of names, words, emblems, or insignia” for “Misuse of names by collecting agencies or private detective agencies to indicate Federal agency” in section catchline
Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 712
Pub. L. 93–147 substituted “in the course” and “such communication is from a department” for “being engaged in the business” and “such business is a department” respectively
Struck · 18 U.S.C. § 712
Pub. L. 93–147 struck out “as part of the firm name of such business,” after “detective services, uses”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 93–147 substituted “Misuse of names, words, emblems, or insignia” for “Misuse of names by collecting agencies or private detective agencies to indicate Federal agency” in section catchline and substituted “in the course” and “such communication is from a department” for “being engaged in the business” and “such business is a department” respectively, and struck out “as part of the firm name of such business,” after “detective services, uses”.Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994
Pub. L. 103–322 title XXXIII § 330016(1)(H) · 108 Stat. 1796
Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 712
Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $1,000”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $1,000”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(H) in sections 81, 210, 211, 215, 217, 242, 245, 291, 292, 439, 442, 480, 483, 484, 490, 491, 494, 495, 503, 507, 510, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 604, 605, 641, 643, 645, 646, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655, 656, 657, 658, 659, 661, 662, 665, 712, 751, 752, 756, 795, 796, 797, 836, 844, 871, 875, 876, 877, 879, 911, 912, 913, 924, 957, 959, 961, 1003, 1012, 1021, 1025, 1026, 1071, 1112, 1163, 1262, 1263, 1264, 1301, 1302, 1304, 1306, 1341, 1342, 1343, 1361, 1363, 1384, 1504, 1508, 1509, 1657, 1705, 1706, 1707, 1711, 1715, 1716, 1733, 1738, 1761, 1762, 2276, 2277, 2278, 2382, and 2389 by striking “not more than $1,000” each place it appears and inserting “under this title”;
1 of 5 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 4 partial
Editorial Notes
Amendments1973–1994 · 2 rounds
1994
Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $1,000”.
1973
Pub. L. 93–147 substituted “Misuse of names, words, emblems, or insignia” for “Misuse of names by collecting agencies or private detective agencies to indicate Federal agency” in section catchline and substituted “in the course” and “such communication is from a department” for “being engaged in the business” and “such business is a department” respectively, and struck out “as part of the firm name of such business,” after “detective services, uses”.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Pub. L. 86–291, § 2, , 73 Stat. 570, provided that: “The provisions of this section [enacting this section] shall become effective sixty days from the enactment thereof [].”
Credits
1959–1994 · 3 acts
- 1959Added Pub. L. 86–291, § 1, , 73 Stat. 570
- 1973amended Pub. L. 93–147, § 1(a), , 87 Stat. 554
- 1994Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(H), , 108 Stat. 2147.
Show as published
(Added Pub. L. 86–291, § 1, , 73 Stat. 570; amended Pub. L. 93–147, § 1(a), , 87 Stat. 554; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(H), , 108 Stat. 2147.)