Title 18 — Crimes and Criminal Procedure
Part I · Chapter 45 — Foreign Relations
§ 957. Possession of property in aid of foreign government
Statutory text
Whoever, in aid of any foreign government, knowingly and willfully possesses or controls any property or papers used or designed or intended for use in violating any penal statute, or any of the rights or obligations of the United States under any treaty or the law of nations, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both.
Legislative history
Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.
Pub. L. 80–645 · 62 Stat. 683
Enacted · 18 U.S.C. § 957
June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 745
Source evidence
Code source credit
June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 745Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994
Pub. L. 103–322 title XXXIII § 330016(1)(H) · 108 Stat. 1796
Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 957
Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $1,000”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $1,000”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(H) in sections 81, 210, 211, 215, 217, 242, 245, 291, 292, 439, 442, 480, 483, 484, 490, 491, 494, 495, 503, 507, 510, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 604, 605, 641, 643, 645, 646, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655, 656, 657, 658, 659, 661, 662, 665, 712, 751, 752, 756, 795, 796, 797, 836, 844, 871, 875, 876, 877, 879, 911, 912, 913, 924, 957, 959, 961, 1003, 1012, 1021, 1025, 1026, 1071, 1112, 1163, 1262, 1263, 1264, 1301, 1302, 1304, 1306, 1341, 1342, 1343, 1361, 1363, 1384, 1504, 1508, 1509, 1657, 1705, 1706, 1707, 1711, 1715, 1716, 1733, 1738, 1761, 1762, 2276, 2277, 2278, 2382, and 2389 by striking “not more than $1,000” each place it appears and inserting “under this title”;
1 of 2 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial
Notes
Historical and Revision Notes
Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed. § 98 (June 15, 1917, ch. 30, title XI, § 22, 40 Stat. 230; Mar. 28, 1940, ch. 72, § 8, 54 Stat. 80).
Definition of “foreign government” was omitted and is incorporated in section 11 of this title.
Mandatory punishment provision was rephrased in the alternative.
Minor changes were made in phraseology.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
1994—Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $1,000”.
Credits
1948–1994 · 2 acts
- 1948June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 745
- 1994Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(H), , 108 Stat. 2147.
Show as published
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 745; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(H), , 108 Stat. 2147.)