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Title 19 — Customs Duties

Part A · Chapter 13 — Trade Agreements Act of 1979

§ 2531. Certain standards-related activities

Statutory text

(a)

No bar to engaging in standards activity

Nothing in this subchapter may be construed—

(1)

to prohibit a Federal agency from engaging in activity related to standards-related measures, including any such measure relating to safety, the protection of human, animal, or plant life or health, the environment, or consumers; or

(2)

to limit the authority of a Federal agency to determine the level it considers appropriate of safety or of protection of human, animal, or plant life or health, the environment, or consumers.

(b)

Unnecessary obstacles

Nothing in this subchapter may be construed as prohibiting any private person, Federal agency, or State agency from engaging in standards-related activities that do not create unnecessary obstacles to the foreign commerce of the United States. No standards-related activity of any private person, Federal agency, or State agency shall be deemed to constitute an unnecessary obstacle to the foreign commerce of the United States if the demonstrable purpose of the standards-related activity is to achieve a legitimate domestic objective including, but not limited to, the protection of legitimate health or safety, essential security, environmental, or consumer interests and if such activity does not operate to exclude imported products which fully meet the objectives of such activity.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Trade Agreements Act of 1979

    Pub. L. 96–39 title IV § 401 · 93 Stat. 144

    Enacted · 19 U.S.C. § 2531

    Pub. L. 96–39, title IV, § 401, July 26, 1979, 93 Stat. 242

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    Pub. L. 96–39, title IV, § 401, July 26, 1979, 93 Stat. 242

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 401. CERTAIN STAND ARDS-RELATED ACTIVITIES. 19 USC 2531. Nothing in this title may be construed as prohibiting any private person, Federal agency, or State agency from engaging in standards-related activities that do not create unnecessary obstacles to the foreign commerce of the United States. No standards-related activity of any private person, Federal agency, or State agency shall be deemed to constitute an unnecessary obstacle to the foreign commerce of the United States if the demonstrable purpose of the standards-related activity is to achieve a legitimate domestic objective including, but not limited to, the protection of legitimate health or safety, essential security, environmental, or consumer interests and if such activity does not operate to exclude imported products which fully meet the objectives of such activity.

  2. Pub. L. 103–465 title III § 351(b) · 108 Stat. 4809

    1. Added · 19 U.S.C. § 2531

      Pub. L. 103–465 added subsec. (a)

    2. Amended · 19 U.S.C. § 2531

      Pub. L. 103–465 designated existing provisions as subsec. (b)

    3. Inserted · 19 U.S.C. § 2531

      Pub. L. 103–465 inserted subsec. (b) heading

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 103–465 added subsec. (a), designated existing provisions as subsec. (b), and inserted subsec. (b) heading.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Section 401.— Section 401 is amended— 19 USC 2531. (1) by striking “Nothing” and inserting “(b) Unnecessary Obstacles.—Nothing”; and (2) by inserting after the section heading the following:

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 352, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4957, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle F (§§ 351, 352) of title III of Pub. L. 103–465, amending this section and sections 2532, 2544, 2571, and 2573 of this title and repealing provisions set out below] and the amendments made by this subtitle take effect on the date on which the WTO Agreement enters into force with respect to the United States [Jan. 1, 1995].”

4 of 4 references resolved to an enrolled provision

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994—Pub. L. 103–465 added subsec. (a), designated existing provisions as subsec. (b), and inserted subsec. (b) heading.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 352, , 108 Stat. 4957, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle F (§§ 351, 352) of title III of Pub. L. 103–465, amending this section and sections 2532, 2544, 2571, and 2573 of this title and repealing provisions set out below] and the amendments made by this subtitle take effect on the date on which the WTO Agreement enters into force with respect to the United States [].”

Effective Date

Pub. L. 96–39, title IV, § 454, , 93 Stat. 250, which provided that this subchapter was to take effect on , if the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade entered into force with respect to the United States by that date, was repealed by Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 351(g), , 108 Stat. 4957.

Credits

1979–1994 · 2 acts
  1. 1979Pub. L. 96–39, title IV, § 401, , 93 Stat. 242
  2. 1994Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 351(b), , 108 Stat. 4955.
Show as published

(Pub. L. 96–39, title IV, § 401, , 93 Stat. 242; Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 351(b), , 108 Stat. 4955.)

Parsed from the official OLRC USLM XML in data/usc_all/usc19.xml · release point 119-108 · OLRC build 2026-09-09

USLM identifier /us/usc/t19/s2531