Title 22 — Foreign Relations and Intercourse
Chapter 39 — Arms Export Control
§ 2755. Discrimination prohibited if based on race, religion, national origin, or sex
Statutory text
Congressional declaration of policy
It is the policy of the United States that no sales should be made, and no credits (including participations in credits) or guaranties extended to or for any foreign country, the laws, regulations, official policies, or governmental practices of which prevent any United States person (as defined in section 7701(a)(30) of title 26) from participating in the furnishing of defense articles or defense services under this chapter on the basis of race, religion, national origin, or sex.
Employment of personnel; required contractual provision
No agency performing functions under this chapter shall, in employing or assigning personnel to participate in the performance of any such function, whether in the United States or abroad, take into account the exclusionary policies or practices of any foreign government where such policies or practices are based upon race, religion, national origin, or sex.
Each contract entered into by any such agency for the performance of any function under this chapter shall contain a provision to the effect that no person, partnership, corporation, or other entity performing functions pursuant to such contract, shall, in employing or assigning personnel to participate in the performance of any such function, whether in the United States or abroad, take into account the exclusionary policies or practices of any foreign government where such policies or practices are based upon race, religion, national origin, or sex.
Report by President; contents
The President shall promptly transmit reports to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate concerning any instance in which any United States person (as defined in section 7701(a)(30) of title 26) is prevented by a foreign government on the basis of race, religion, national origin, or sex, from participating in the performance of any sale or licensed transaction under this chapter or any import or export under a treaty referred to in section 2778(j)(1)(C)(i) of this title. Such reports shall include (1) a description of the facts and circumstances of any such discrimination, (2) the response thereto on the part of the United States or any agency or employee thereof, and (3) the result of such response, if any.
Congressional request for information from President; information required; 60 day period; failure to supply information; termination or restriction of sale
Upon the request of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate or the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, the President shall, within 60 days after receipt of such request, transmit to both such committees a statement, prepared with the assistance of the Secretary of State, with respect to the country designated in such request, setting forth—
all the available information about the exclusionary policies or practices of the government of such country when such policies or practices are based upon race, religion, national origin or sex and prevent any such person from participating in the performance of any sale or licensed transaction under this chapter;
the response of the United States thereto and the results of such response;
whether, in the opinion of the President, notwithstanding any such policies or practices—
extraordinary circumstances exist which necessitate a continuation of such sale or licensed transaction, and, if so, a description of such circumstances and the extent to which such sale or licensed transaction should be continued (subject to such conditions as Congress may impose under this section), and
on all the facts it is in the national interest of the United States to continue such sale or licensed transaction; and
such other information as such committee may request.
In the event a statement with respect to a sale or licensed transaction is requested pursuant to paragraph (1) of this subsection but is not transmitted in accordance therewith within 60 days after receipt of such request, such sale or licensed transaction shall be suspended unless and until such statement is transmitted.
In the event a statement with respect to a sale or licensed transaction is transmitted under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Congress may at any time thereafter adopt a joint resolution terminating or restricting such sale or licensed transaction.
Any such resolution shall be considered in the Senate in accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.
The term “certification”, as used in section 601 of such Act, means, for the purposes of this paragraph, a statement transmitted under paragraph (1) of this subsection.
Legislative history
Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.
The Foreign Military Sales Act
Pub. L. 90–629 · 82 Stat. 1320
Enacted · 22 U.S.C. § 2755
Pub. L. 90–629, ch. 1, § 5, as added Pub. L. 94–329, title III, § 302(b), June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 752
Source evidence
Code source credit
Pub. L. 90–629, ch. 1, § 5, as added Pub. L. 94–329, title III, § 302(b), June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 752Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1978
Pub. L. 95–105 title I § 109(a)(5) · 91 Stat. 844
Substituted · 22 U.S.C. § 2755(d)(1)
Pub. L. 95–105 substituted “Assistant Secretary of State” for “Coordinator” in introductory provisions
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 95–105 substituted “Assistant Secretary of State” for “Coordinator” in introductory provisions.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(5) Section 5(d) (1) of the Arms Export Control Act is amended by striking out “Coordinator” in the text preceding subparagraph (A) and inserting in lieu thereof “Assistant Secretary of State”.Tax Reform Act of 1986
Pub. L. 99–514 § 2 · 100 Stat. 2085
Substituted · 22 U.S.C. § 2755(a); 22 U.S.C. § 2755(c)
Pub. L. 99–514 substituted “Internal Revenue Code of 1986” for “Internal Revenue Code of 1954”, which for purposes of codification was translated as “title 26” thus requiring no change in text
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsecs. (a), (c). Pub. L. 99–514 substituted “Internal Revenue Code of 1986” for “Internal Revenue Code of 1954”, which for purposes of codification was translated as “title 26” thus requiring no change in text.Enacted provision · exact public law section
SEC. 2. INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986. (a) Redesignation of 1954 Code.— The Internal Revenue Title enacted August 16, 1954, as heretofore, hereby, or hereafter amended, may be cited as the “Internal Revenue Code of 1986”. (b) References in Laws, Etc.— Except when inappropriate, any reference in any law, Executive order, or other document— (1) to the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 shall include a reference to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, and (2) to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall include a reference to the provisions of law formerly known as the Internal Revenue Code of 1954.Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995
Pub. L. 103–236 title I § 162(f) · 108 Stat. 382
Substituted · 22 U.S.C. § 2755(d)(1)
Pub. L. 103–236 substituted “Secretary of State” for “Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs” in introductory provisions
Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 103–236 substituted “Secretary of State” for “Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs” in introductory provisions.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(f) Arms Export Control Act.— Section 5(d)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act is amended (22 U.S.C. 2755(d)(1)) by striking “Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs” and inserting “Secretary of State”.Effective date note
Amendment by Pub. L. 103–236 applicable with respect to officials, offices, and bureaus of Department of State when executive orders, regulations, or departmental directives implementing the amendments by sections 161 and 162 of Pub. L. 103–236 become effective, or 90 days after Apr. 30, 1994, whichever comes earlier, see section 161(b) of Pub. L. 103–236, as amended, set out as a note under section 2651a of this title.Pub. L. 103–437 § 9(a)(7) · 108 Stat. 4581
Substituted · 22 U.S.C. § 2755(d)(1)
Pub. L. 103–437 substituted “Foreign Affairs” for “International Relations” in introductory provisions
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 103–437 substituted “Foreign Affairs” for “International Relations” in introductory provisions.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(7) sections 5(d)(1), 26(c), and 36(b)(1) and (c)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2755(d)(1), 2766(c), 2776(b)(1), (c)(1)).Defense Trade Cooperation Treaties Implementation Act of 2010
Pub. L. 111–266 title I § 104(b) · 124 Stat. 2797
Inserted · 22 U.S.C. § 2755(c)
Pub. L. 111–266 inserted “or any import or export under a treaty referred to in section 2778(j)(1)(C)(i) of this title” after “under this chapter”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 111–266 inserted “or any import or export under a treaty referred to in section 2778(j)(1)(C)(i) of this title” after “under this chapter”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(b) Discrimination.— Section 5(c) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 2755(c)) is amended by inserting “or any import or export under a treaty referred to in section 38(j)(1)(C)(i) of this Act” after “under this Act”.Pub. L. 113–276 title II § 208(a)(1) · 128 Stat. 2989
Substituted · 22 U.S.C. § 2755(c)
Pub. L. 113–276 substituted “the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and” for “the Speaker of the House of Representatives and”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–276 substituted “the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and” for “the Speaker of the House of Representatives and”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) in sections 3(a), 3(d)(1), 3(d)(3)(A), 3(e), 5(c), 6, 21(g), 36(a), 36(b)(1), 36(b)(5)(C), 36(c)(1), 36(f), 38(f)(1), 40(f)(1), 40(g)(2)(B), 101(b), and 102(a)(2), 22 USC 2753, 2755, 2756, 2761, 2776, 2778, 2780, 2799. by striking “the Speaker of the House of Representatives and” each place it appears and inserting “the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and”;
6 of 7 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial
Editorial Notes
References in Text
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 90–629, , 82 Stat. 1321, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.
Section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(B), (C), is section 601(b) of Pub. L. 94–329, , 90 Stat. 729, which made provision for expedited procedures in the Senate, and was not classified to the Code.
Amendments1977–2014 · 5 rounds
2014
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–276 substituted “the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and” for “the Speaker of the House of Representatives and”.
2010
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 111–266 inserted “or any import or export under a treaty referred to in section 2778(j)(1)(C)(i) of this title” after “under this chapter”.
1994
Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 103–437 substituted “Foreign Affairs” for “International Relations” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 103–236 substituted “Secretary of State” for “Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs” in introductory provisions.
1986
Subsecs. (a), (c). Pub. L. 99–514 substituted “Internal Revenue Code of 1986” for “Internal Revenue Code of 1954”, which for purposes of codification was translated as “title 26” thus requiring no change in text.
1977
Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 95–105 substituted “Assistant Secretary of State” for “Coordinator” in introductory provisions.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 1994 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 103–236 applicable with respect to officials, offices, and bureaus of Department of State when executive orders, regulations, or departmental directives implementing the amendments by sections 161 and 162 of Pub. L. 103–236 become effective, or 90 days after , whichever comes earlier, see section 161(b) of Pub. L. 103–236, as amended, set out as a note under section 2651a of this title.
Executive Documents
Delegation of Functions
For delegation of functions of the President under this section, see section 1(b) of Ex. Ord. No. 13637, , 78 F.R. 16129, set out as a note under section 2751 of this title. Functions were previously delegated by Ex. Ord. No. 11958, which was formerly set out as a note under section 2751 of this title and was revoked, subject to a savings provision, by section 4 of Ex. Ord. No. 13637.
Credits
1976–2014 · 7 acts
- 1976Pub. L. 90–629, ch. 1, § 5, as added Pub. L. 94–329, title III, § 302(b), , 90 Stat. 752
- 1977amended Pub. L. 95–105, title I, § 109(a)(5), , 91 Stat. 846
- 1986Pub. L. 99–514, § 2, , 100 Stat. 2095
- 1994Pub. L. 103–236, title I, § 162(f), , 108 Stat. 405
- 1994Pub. L. 103–437, § 9(a)(7), , 108 Stat. 4588
- 2010Pub. L. 111–266, title I, § 104(b), , 124 Stat. 2799
- 2014Pub. L. 113–276, title II, § 208(a)(1), , 128 Stat. 2992.
Show as published
(Pub. L. 90–629, ch. 1, § 5, as added Pub. L. 94–329, title III, § 302(b), , 90 Stat. 752; amended Pub. L. 95–105, title I, § 109(a)(5), , 91 Stat. 846; Pub. L. 99–514, § 2, , 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 103–236, title I, § 162(f), , 108 Stat. 405; Pub. L. 103–437, § 9(a)(7), , 108 Stat. 4588; Pub. L. 111–266, title I, § 104(b), , 124 Stat. 2799; Pub. L. 113–276, title II, § 208(a)(1), , 128 Stat. 2992.)