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Title 25 — Indians

Chapter 21 — Indian Child Welfare

§ 1920. Improper removal of child from custody; declination of jurisdiction; forthwith return of child: danger exception

Statutory text

Where any petitioner in an Indian child custody proceeding before a State court has improperly removed the child from custody of the parent or Indian custodian or has improperly retained custody after a visit or other temporary relinquishment of custody, the court shall decline jurisdiction over such petition and shall forthwith return the child to his parent or Indian custodian unless returning the child to his parent or custodian would subject the child to a substantial and immediate danger or threat of such danger.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978

    Pub. L. 95–608 title I § 110 · 92 Stat. 3069

    Enacted · 25 U.S.C. § 1920

    (Pub. L. 95–608, title I, § 110, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3075.)

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    (Pub. L. 95–608, title I, § 110, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3075.)

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 110. Where any petitioner in an Indian child custody proceeding Improper removal of child from custody. 25 USC 1920. before a State court has improperly removed the child from custody of the parent or Indian custodian or has improperly retained custody after a visit or other temporary relinquishment of custody, the court shall decline jurisdiction over such petition and shall forth-with return the child to his parent or Indian custodian unless returning the child to his parent or custodian would subject the child to a substantial and immediate danger or threat of such danger.

1 of 1 references resolved to an enrolled provision

Credits

(Pub. L. 95–608, title I, § 110, , 92 Stat. 3075.)

Parsed from the official OLRC USLM XML in data/usc_all/usc25.xml · release point 119-108 · OLRC build 2026-05-06

USLM identifier /us/usc/t25/s1920