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Title 26 — Internal Revenue Code

Part III · Chapter 1 — Normal Taxes and Surtaxes

§ 1035. Certain exchanges of insurance policies

Statutory text

(a)

General rules

No gain or loss shall be recognized on the exchange of—

(1)

a contract of life insurance for another contract of life insurance or for an endowment or annuity contract or for a qualified long-term care insurance contract;

(2)

a contract of endowment insurance (A) for another contract of endowment insurance which provides for regular payments beginning at a date not later than the date payments would have begun under the contract exchanged, or (B) for an annuity contract, or (C) for a qualified long-term care insurance contract;

(3)

an annuity contract for an annuity contract or for a qualified long-term care insurance contract; or

(4)

a qualified long-term care insurance contract for a qualified long-term care insurance contract.

(b)

Definitions

For the purpose of this section—

(1)

Endowment contract

A contract of endowment insurance is a contract with an insurance company which depends in part on the life expectancy of the insured, but which may be payable in full in a single payment during his life.

(2)

Annuity contract

An annuity contract is a contract to which paragraph (1) applies but which may be payable during the life of the annuitant only in installments. For purposes of the preceding sentence, a contract shall not fail to be treated as an annuity contract solely because a qualified long-term care insurance contract is a part of or a rider on such contract.

(3)

Life insurance contract

A contract of life insurance is a contract to which paragraph (1) applies but which is not ordinarily payable in full during the life of the insured. For purposes of the preceding sentence, a contract shall not fail to be treated as a life insurance contract solely because a qualified long-term care insurance contract is a part of or a rider on such contract.

(c)

Exchanges involving foreign persons

To the extent provided in regulations, subsection (a) shall not apply to any exchange having the effect of transferring property to any person other than a United States person.

(d)

Cross references

(1)

For rules relating to recognition of gain or loss where an exchange is not solely in kind, see subsections (b) and (c) of section 1031.

(2)

For rules relating to the basis of property acquired in an exchange described in subsection (a), see subsection (d) of section 1031.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 309 · 68A Stat. 309

    Enacted · 26 U.S.C. § 1035

    Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 309

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 309

  2. Tax Reform Act of 1984

    Pub. L. 98–369 § 224(a) · 98 Stat. 494

    1. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(b)(1)

      Pub. L. 98–369, § 224(a), which directed the substitution of “an insurance company subject to tax under subchapter L” for “a life insurance company as defined in section 801”

    2. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(b)(1)

      Pub. L. 98–369, § 224(a), which directed the substitution of “as defined in section 816” for “as defined in section 801”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 98–369, § 224(a), which directed the substitution of “an insurance company subject to tax under subchapter L” for “a life insurance company as defined in section 801”, was executed by making such substitution for “a life insurance company as defined in section 816” to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the earlier amendment by Pub. L. 98–369, § 211(b)(15), which substituted “as defined in section 816” for “as defined in section 801”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) General Rule.— Paragraph (1) of section 1035(b) (defining endowment contract) is amended by striking out “a life insurance company as defined in section 801” and inserting in lieu thereof “an insurance company subject to tax under subchapter L”.

  3. Tax Reform Act of 1984

    Pub. L. 98–369 § 211(b)(15) · 98 Stat. 494

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(b)(1)

    Pub. L. 98–369, § 211(b)(15), substituted “section 816” for “section 801”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 98–369, § 211(b)(15), substituted “section 816” for “section 801”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (15) Paragraph (1) of section 1035(b) (defining endowment contract) is amended by striking out “section 801” and inserting in lieu thereof “section 816”.

  4. Tax Reform Act of 1986

    Pub. L. 99–514 title XVIII § 1828 · 100 Stat. 2085

    Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(b)(1)

    Pub. L. 99–514 struck out “subject to tax under subchapter L” after “with an insurance company”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 99–514 struck out “subject to tax under subchapter L” after “with an insurance company”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 1828. AMENDMENT RELATED TO SECTION 224 OF THE ACT. Paragraph (1) of section 1035(b) (defining endowment contract) is amended by striking out “subject to tax under subchapter L”.

  5. Pub. L. 105–34 title XI § 1131(b)(1) · 111 Stat. 788

    1. Added · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(c); 26 U.S.C. § 1035(d)

      Pub. L. 105–34 added subsec. (c)

    2. Redesignated · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(c); 26 U.S.C. § 1035(d)

      Pub. L. 105–34 redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 105–34 added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) Gain recognition on exchanges involving foreign persons.—Section 1035 is amended by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d) and by inserting after subsection (b) the following new subsection: “(c) Exchanges Involving Foreign Persons.— To the extent provided in regulations, subsection (a) shall not apply to any exchange having the effect of transferring property to any person other than a United States person.”.

  6. Pub. L. 109–280 § 844(b)(3)(A) · 120 Stat. 780

    Inserted · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(a)(1)

    Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(3)(A), which directed amendment by inserting “or for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” before semicolon “at the end”, was executed by making the insertion before “; or” to reflect the probable intent of Congress

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(3)(A), which directed amendment by inserting “or for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” before semicolon “at the end”, was executed by making the insertion before “; or” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in paragraph (1) by inserting “or for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” before the semicolon at the end,

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 109–280 applicable to contracts issued after Dec. 31, 1996, but only with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2009, and to exchanges occurring after Dec. 31, 2009, see section 844(g)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 109–280, set out as a note under section 72 of this title.

  7. Pub. L. 109–280 § 844(b)(3)(B) · 120 Stat. 780

    Inserted · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(a)(2)

    Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(3)(B), which directed amendment by inserting “, or (C) for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” before semicolon “at the end”, was executed by making the insertion before “; or” to reflect the probable intent of Congress

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(3)(B), which directed amendment by inserting “, or (C) for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” before semicolon “at the end”, was executed by making the insertion before “; or” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) in paragraph (2) by inserting “, or (C) for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” before the semicolon at the end, and

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 109–280 applicable to contracts issued after Dec. 31, 1996, but only with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2009, and to exchanges occurring after Dec. 31, 2009, see section 844(g)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 109–280, set out as a note under section 72 of this title.

  8. Pub. L. 109–280 § 844(b)(3)(C) · 120 Stat. 780

    Inserted · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(a)(3)

    Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(3)(C), inserted “or for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” after “annuity contract”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(3)(C), inserted “or for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” after “annuity contract”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (C) in paragraph (3) by inserting “or for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” before the period at the end.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 109–280 applicable to contracts issued after Dec. 31, 1996, but only with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2009, and to exchanges occurring after Dec. 31, 2009, see section 844(g)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 109–280, set out as a note under section 72 of this title.

  9. Pub. L. 109–280 § 844(b)(4) · 120 Stat. 780

    Added · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(a)(4)

    Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(4), added par. (4)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(4), added par. (4).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) Tax-free exchanges of qualified long-term care insurance contract.— Subsection (a) of section 1035 of such Code (relating to certain exchanges of insurance policies) is amended by striking “or” at the end of paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end of paragraph (3) and inserting “; or”, and by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new paragraph: “(4) a qualified long-term care insurance contract for a qualified long-term care insurance contract.” .

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 109–280 applicable to contracts issued after Dec. 31, 1996, but only with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2009, and to exchanges occurring after Dec. 31, 2009, see section 844(g)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 109–280, set out as a note under section 72 of this title.

  10. Pub. L. 109–280 § 844(b)(1) · 120 Stat. 780

    Inserted · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(b)(2)

    Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(1), inserted at end “For purposes of the preceding sentence, a contract shall not fail to be treated as an annuity contract solely because a qualified long-term care insurance contract is a part of or a rider on such contract.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(1), inserted at end “For purposes of the preceding sentence, a contract shall not fail to be treated as an annuity contract solely because a qualified long-term care insurance contract is a part of or a rider on such contract.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) Annuity contracts can include qualified long-term care insurance riders.— Paragraph (2) of section 1035(b) of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new sentence: “For purposes of the preceding sentence, a contract shall not fail to be treated as an annuity contract solely because a qualified long-term care insurance contract is a part of or a rider on such contract.”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 109–280 applicable to contracts issued after Dec. 31, 1996, but only with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2009, and to exchanges occurring after Dec. 31, 2009, see section 844(g)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 109–280, set out as a note under section 72 of this title.

  11. Pub. L. 109–280 § 844(b)(2) · 120 Stat. 780

    Inserted · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(b)(3)

    Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(2), inserted at end “For purposes of the preceding sentence, a contract shall not fail to be treated as a life insurance contract solely because a qualified long-term care insurance contract is a part of or a rider on such contract.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(2), inserted at end “For purposes of the preceding sentence, a contract shall not fail to be treated as a life insurance contract solely because a qualified long-term care insurance contract is a part of or a rider on such contract.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) Life insurance contracts can include qualified long-term care insurance riders.— Paragraph (3) of section 1035(b) of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new sentence: “For purposes of the preceding sentence, a contract shall not fail to be treated as a life insurance contract solely because a qualified long-term care insurance contract is a part of or a rider on such contract.”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 109–280 applicable to contracts issued after Dec. 31, 1996, but only with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2009, and to exchanges occurring after Dec. 31, 2009, see section 844(g)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 109–280, set out as a note under section 72 of this title.

  12. Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2018

    Pub. L. 115–141 div. U title IV § 401(a)(168) · 132 Stat. 348

    Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 1035(a)(1)

    Pub. L. 115–141 struck out “or” after semicolon at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–141 struck out “or” after semicolon at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 401. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission shall comply with the July 5, 2011, version of Chapter VI of its Internal Commission Procedures when responding to Congressional requests for information.

13 of 14 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial

Editorial Notes

Codification
Amendments1984–2018 · 5 rounds

2018

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–141 struck out “or” after semicolon at end.

2006

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(3)(A), which directed amendment by inserting “or for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” before semicolon “at the end”, was executed by making the insertion before “; or” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(3)(B), which directed amendment by inserting “, or (C) for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” before semicolon “at the end”, was executed by making the insertion before “; or” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(3)(C), inserted “or for a qualified long-term care insurance contract” after “annuity contract”.

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(4), added par. (4).

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(1), inserted at end “For purposes of the preceding sentence, a contract shall not fail to be treated as an annuity contract solely because a qualified long-term care insurance contract is a part of or a rider on such contract.”

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 109–280, § 844(b)(2), inserted at end “For purposes of the preceding sentence, a contract shall not fail to be treated as a life insurance contract solely because a qualified long-term care insurance contract is a part of or a rider on such contract.”

1997

Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 105–34 added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d).

1986

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 99–514 struck out “subject to tax under subchapter L” after “with an insurance company”.

1984

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 98–369, § 224(a), which directed the substitution of “an insurance company subject to tax under subchapter L” for “a life insurance company as defined in section 801”, was executed by making such substitution for “a life insurance company as defined in section 816” to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the earlier amendment by Pub. L. 98–369, § 211(b)(15), which substituted “as defined in section 816” for “as defined in section 801”.

Pub. L. 98–369, § 211(b)(15), substituted “section 816” for “section 801”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2006 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 109–280 applicable to contracts issued after , but only with respect to taxable years beginning after , and to exchanges occurring after , see section 844(g)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 109–280, set out as a note under section 72 of this title.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–514 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1984, Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, to which such amendment relates, see section 1881 of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as a note under section 48 of this title.

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by section 211(b)(5) of Pub. L. 98–369 applicable to taxable years beginning after , see section 215 of Pub. L. 98–369, set out as an Effective Date note under section 801 of this title.

Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title II, § 224(b), , 98 Stat. 776, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to all exchanges whether before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this Act [].”

Plan Amendments Not Required Until January 1, 1989

For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle A or subtitle C of title XI [§§ 1101–1147 and 1171–1177] or title XVIII [§§ 1800–1899A] of Pub. L. 99–514 require an amendment to any plan, such plan amendment shall not be required to be made before the first plan year beginning on or after , see section 1140 of Pub. L. 99–514, as amended, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Credits

1954–2018 · 6 acts
  1. 1954Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 309
  2. 1984Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title II, §§ 211(b)(15), 224(a), , 98 Stat. 756, 776
  3. 1986Pub. L. 99–514, title XVIII, § 1828, , 100 Stat. 2851
  4. 1997Pub. L. 105–34, title XI, § 1131(b)(1), , 111 Stat. 979
  5. 2006Pub. L. 109–280, title VIII, § 844(b), , 120 Stat. 1010
  6. 2018Pub. L. 115–141, div. U, title IV, § 401(a)(168), , 132 Stat. 1192.
Show as published

(Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 309; Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title II, §§ 211(b)(15), 224(a), , 98 Stat. 756, 776; Pub. L. 99–514, title XVIII, § 1828, , 100 Stat. 2851; Pub. L. 105–34, title XI, § 1131(b)(1), , 111 Stat. 979; Pub. L. 109–280, title VIII, § 844(b), , 120 Stat. 1010; Pub. L. 115–141, div. U, title IV, § 401(a)(168), , 132 Stat. 1192.)

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