Title 26 — Internal Revenue Code

Part I · Chapter 1 — Normal Taxes and Surtaxes

§ 303. Distributions in redemption of stock to pay death taxes

Statutory text

In general

A distribution of property to a shareholder by a corporation in redemption of part or all of the stock of such corporation which (for Federal estate tax purposes) is included in determining the gross estate of a decedent, to the extent that the amount of such distribution does not exceed the sum of—

the estate, inheritance, legacy, and succession taxes (including any interest collected as a part of such taxes) imposed because of such decedent’s death, and

the amount of funeral and administration expenses allowable as deductions to the estate under section 2053 (or under section 2106 in the case of the estate of a decedent nonresident, not a citizen of the United States),

shall be treated as a distribution in full payment in exchange for the stock so redeemed.

Limitations on application of subsection (a)

Period for distribution

Subsection (a) shall apply only to amounts distributed after the death of the decedent and—

within the period of limitations provided in section 6501(a) for the assessment of the Federal estate tax (determined without the application of any provision other than section 6501(a)), or within 90 days after the expiration of such period,

if a petition for redetermination of a deficiency in such estate tax has been filed with the Tax Court within the time prescribed in section 6213, at any time before the expiration of 60 days after the decision of the Tax Court becomes final, or

if an election has been made under section 6166 and if the time prescribed by this subparagraph expires at a later date than the time prescribed by subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, within the time determined under section 6166 for the payment of the installments.

Relationship of stock to decedent’s estate

In general

Subsection (a) shall apply to a distribution by a corporation only if the value (for Federal estate tax purposes) of all of the stock of such corporation which is included in determining the value of the decedent’s gross estate exceeds 35 percent of the excess of—

the value of the gross estate of such decedent, over

the sum of the amounts allowable as a deduction under section 2053 or 2054.

Special rule for stock of two or more corporations

For purposes of subparagraph (A), stock of 2 or more corporations, with respect to each of which there is included in determining the value of the decedent’s gross estate 20 percent or more in value of the outstanding stock, shall be treated as the stock of a single corporation. For purposes of the 20-percent requirement of the preceding sentence, stock which, at the decedent’s death, represents the surviving spouse’s interest in property held by the decedent and the surviving spouse as community property or as joint tenants, tenants by the entirety, or tenants in common shall be treated as having been included in determining the value of the decedent’s gross estate.

Relationship of shareholder to estate tax

Subsection (a) shall apply to a distribution by a corporation only to the extent that the interest of the shareholder is reduced directly (or through a binding obligation to contribute) by any payment of an amount described in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a).

Additional requirements for distributions made more than 4 years after decedent’s death

In the case of amounts distributed more than 4 years after the date of the decedent’s death, subsection (a) shall apply to a distribution by a corporation only to the extent of the lesser of—

the aggregate of the amounts referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a) which remained unpaid immediately before the distribution, or

the aggregate of the amounts referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a) which are paid during the 1-year period beginning on the date of such distribution.

Stock with substituted basis

If—

a shareholder owns stock of a corporation (referred to in this subsection as “new stock”) the basis of which is determined by reference to the basis of stock of a corporation (referred to in this subsection as “old stock”),

the old stock was included (for Federal estate tax purposes) in determining the gross estate of a decedent, and

subsection (a) would apply to a distribution of property to such shareholder in redemption of the old stock,

then, subject to the limitation specified in subsection (b), subsection (a) shall apply in respect of a distribution in redemption of the new stock.

Special rules for generation-skipping transfers

Where stock in a corporation is the subject of a generation-skipping transfer (within the meaning of section 2611(a)) occurring at the same time as and as a result of the death of an individual—

the stock shall be deemed to be included in the gross estate of such individual;

taxes of the kind referred to in subsection (a)(1) which are imposed because of the generation-skipping transfer shall be treated as imposed because of such individual’s death (and for this purpose the tax imposed by section 2601 shall be treated as an estate tax);

the period of distribution shall be measured from the date of the generation-skipping transfer; and

the relationship of stock to the decedent’s estate shall be measured with reference solely to the amount of the generation-skipping transfer.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1954
Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 88 · 68A Stat. 88
Enacted · 26 U.S.C. § 303
Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 88
Source evidence
Code source credit
Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 88
1976
Pub. L. 94–455 § 2004(e)(1) · 90 Stat. 1520
Added · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(1)(C)
Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(1), added subpar. (C)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(1), added subpar. (C).
Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) Extension of period for Distribution.— Paragraph (1) of section 303(b) (relating to distributions in redemption of stock 26 USC 303. to pay death taxes) is amended by striking out. “or” at the end of subparagraph (A), by striking out the period at the end of subparagraph (B) and inserting in lieu thereof “, or ”, and by adding at the end thereof the following new subparagraph: “(C) If an election has been made under section 6166 or 6166A and if the time, prescribed by this subparagraph expires at a later date than the time prescribed by subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, within the time determined under section 6166 or 6166A for the payment of the installments.”
1976
Pub. L. 94–455 § 2004(e)(2)(A) · 90 Stat. 1520
Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(2)(A)
Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(2)(A), substituted provisions limiting the applicability of subsec. (a) to corporate distributions in which the value of the corporate stock included in decedent’s gross estate exceeds 50 percent of the gross estate over deductions allowed under sections 2053 and 2054 for provisions limiting the applicability of subsec. (a) to corporate distributions in which the value of the corporate stock included in decedent’s gross estate is either more than 35 percent of the gross estate or 50 percent of the taxable estate
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(2)(A), substituted provisions limiting the applicability of subsec. (a) to corporate distributions in which the value of the corporate stock included in decedent’s gross estate exceeds 50 percent of the gross estate over deductions allowed under sections 2053 and 2054 for provisions limiting the applicability of subsec. (a) to corporate distributions in which the value of the corporate stock included in decedent’s gross estate is either more than 35 percent of the gross estate or 50 percent of the taxable estate.
Enacted provision · exact public law section
(A) Subparagraph (A) of section 303(b)(2) is amended to read as follows “(A) In general.— Subsection (a) shall apply to a distribution by a corporation only if the value (for Federal estate tax purposes) of all of the stock of such corporation which is included in determining the value of the decedent’s gross estate exceeds 50 percent of the excess of— “(i) the value of the gross estate of such decedent, over “(ii) the sum of the amounts allowable as a deduction under section 2053 or 2054.” :
1976
Pub. L. 94–455 § 2004(e)(2)(B) · 90 Stat. 1520
Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(2)(B)
Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(2)(B), substituted “the 50 percent requirement” for “the 35 percent and 50 percent requirements”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(2)(B), substituted “the 50 percent requirement” for “the 35 percent and 50 percent requirements”.
Enacted provision · exact public law section
(B) The first, sentence of subparagraph (B) of section 303 (b)(2) is amended by striking out “the 35 percent and 50 percent requirements’-and inserting in lieu thereof “the 50 percent requirement”.
1976
Pub. L. 94–455 § 2004(e)(3) · 90 Stat. 1520
Added · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(3); 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(4)
Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(3), added pars. (3) and (4)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (b)(3), (4). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(3), added pars. (3) and (4).
Enacted provision · exact public law section
(3) Relationship of shareholder to estate tax.— Subsection (b) of section 303 is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new paragraphs: “(3) Relationship of shareholder to estate tax.— Subsection (a) shall apply to a distribution by a corporation only to the extent, that the interest of the shareholder is reduced directly (or through a binding obligation to contribute) by any payment of an amount described in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a). “(4) Additional requirements for distributions made more than 4 years after decedent’s death.— In the case of amounts distributed more than 4 years after the date of the decedent’s death, subsection (a) shall apply to a distribution by a corporation only to t he extent of the lesser of— “(A) the aggregate of the amounts referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a) which remained unpaid immediately before the distribution, or “(B) the aggregate of the amounts referred to in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a) which are paid during the 1 year period beginning on the date of such distribution.”
1976
Pub. L. 94–455 § 2004(e)(4) · 90 Stat. 1520
Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 303(c)
Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(4), substituted “limitation specified in subsection (b)” for “limitation specified in subsection (b)(1)”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(4), substituted “limitation specified in subsection (b)” for “limitation specified in subsection (b)(1)”.
Enacted provision · exact public law section
(4) Stock with substituted basis.— Subsection (c) of section 303 (relating to stock with substituted basis) is amended by striking out “limitation specified in subsection (b)(1)” and inserting in lieu thereof “Imitations specified in subsection (b)”.
1976
Pub. L. 94–455 § 2006(b)(4) · 90 Stat. 1520
Added · 26 U.S.C. § 303(d)
Pub. L. 94–455, § 2006(b)(4), added subsec. (d)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2006(b)(4), added subsec. (d).
Enacted provision · exact public law section
(4) Special rules for generation-skipping transfers.— Section 303 is amended by adding at the end thereof the following 26 USC 303. new subsection: “(d) Special Rules for Generation-Skipping Transfers.— Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, where stock in a corporation is subject to tax under section 2601 as a result of a generation-skipping transfer (within the meaning of section 2611(a)), which occurs at or after the death of the deemed transferor (within the meaning of section 2612)— “(1) the stock shall be deemed to be included in the gross estate of the deemed transferor; “(2) taxes of the kind referred to in subsection (a)(1) which are imposed because of the generation-skipping transfer shall be treated as imposed because of the deemed transferor’s death (and for this purpose the tax imposed by section 2601 shall be treated as an estate tax); “(3) the period of distribution shall be measured from the date of the generation-skipping transfer; and “(4) the relationship of stock to the decedent’s estate shall be measured with reference solely to the amount of the generation-skipping transfer.”
1981
Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981
Pub. L. 97–34 § 422(e)(1) · 95 Stat. 175
Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(1)(C)
Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(e)(1), struck out “or 6166A” after “section 6166” in two places
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(e)(1), struck out “or 6166A” after “section 6166” in two places.
Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) Sections 303(b)(1)(C), 2204(c), and 6161(a)(2)(B) are each amended by striking out “or 6166A” each place it appears.
1981
Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981
Pub. L. 97–34 § 422(b)(1) · 95 Stat. 175
Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(2)(A)
Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(b)(1), substituted “35” for “50” before percent
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(b)(1), substituted “35” for “50” before percent.
Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) In general.— Subparagraph (A) of section 303(b)(2) (relating to relationship of stock to decedent’s estate) is amended by striking out “50 percent” and inserting in lieu thereof “35 percent”.
1981
Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981
Pub. L. 97–34 § 422(b)(2) · 95 Stat. 175
1. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(2)(B)
  Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(b)(2), in heading, substituted “stock in 2” for “stock of two”, in first sentence
2. Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(2)(B)
  Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(b)(2), in heading, struck out “the 50 percent requirement” before “of subparagraph (A)”
3. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(2)(B)
  Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(b)(2), in heading, substituted “2” for “two” and, in last sentence
4. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(2)(B)
  Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(b)(2), in heading, substituted “20 percent or more in value” for “more than 75 percent in value” and, in last sentence
5. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 303(b)(2)(B)
  Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(b)(2), in heading, substituted “For purposes of the 20-percent requirement” for “For the purpose of the 75 percent requirement” and, in determining value of decedent’s gross estate, treated the estate as including stock which at decedent’s death represented surviving spouse’s interest in property held by the decedent and surviving spouse either as joint tenants, tenants by the entirety, or tenants in common
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(b)(2), in heading, substituted “stock in 2” for “stock of two”, in first sentence, struck out “the 50 percent requirement” before “of subparagraph (A)” and substituted “2” for “two” and “20 percent or more in value” for “more than 75 percent in value”, and, in last sentence, substituted “For purposes of the 20-percent requirement” for “For the purpose of the 75 percent requirement” and, in determining value of decedent’s gross estate, treated the estate as including stock which at decedent’s death represented surviving spouse’s interest in property held by the decedent and surviving spouse either as joint tenants, tenants by the entirety, or tenants in common.
Enacted provision · exact public law section
(2) Conforming amendment.— Subparagraph (B) of section 303(b)(2) is amended to read as follows: “(B) Special rule for stock in 2 or more corporations.— For purposes of subparagraph (A), stock of 2 or more corporations, with respect to each of which there is included in determining the value of the decedent’s gross estate 20 percent or more in value of the outstanding stock, shall be treated as the stock of a single corporation. For purposes of the 20-percent requirement of the preceding sentence, stock which, at the decedent’s death, represents the surviving spouse’s interest in property held by the decedent and the surviving spouse as community property or as joint tenants, tenants by the entirety, or tenants in common shall be treated as having been included in determining the value of the decedent’s gross estate.”
1986
Tax Reform Act of 1986
Pub. L. 99–514 title XIV § 1432(b) · 100 Stat. 2085
Amended · 26 U.S.C. § 303(d)
Pub. L. 99–514 amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (d) read as follows: “Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, where stock in a corporation is subject to tax under section 2601 as a result of a generation-skipping transfer (within the meaning of section 2611(a)), which occurs at or after the death of the deemed transferor (within the meaning of section 2612)—
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 99–514 amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (d) read as follows: “Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, where stock in a corporation is subject to tax under section 2601 as a result of a generation-skipping transfer (within the meaning of section 2611(a)), which occurs at or after the death of the deemed transferor (within the meaning of section 2612)—
“(1) the stock shall be deemed to be included in the gross estate of the deemed transferor; “(2) taxes of the kind referred to in subsection (a)(1) which are imposed because of the generation-skipping transfer shall be treated as imposed because of the deemed transferor’s death (and for this purpose the tax imposed by section 2601 shall be treated as an estate tax); “(3) the period of distribution shall be measured from the date of the generation-skipping transfer; and “(4) the relationship of stock to the decedent’s estate shall be measured with reference solely to the amount of the generation-skipping transfer.”
Enacted provision · exact public law section
(b) Distributions in Redemption of Stock To Pay Generation-Skipping Transfer Taxes.— Subsection (d) of section 303 is amended to read as follows: “(d) Special Rules for Generation-Skipping Transfers.— Where stock in a corporation is the subject of a generation-skipping transfer (within the meaning of section 2611(a)) occurring at the same time as and as a result of the death of an individual— “(1) the stock shall be deemed to be included in the gross estate of such individual; “(2) taxes of the kind referred to in subsection (a)(1) which are imposed because of the generation-skipping transfer shall be treated as imposed because of such individual’s death (and for this purpose the tax imposed by section 2601 shall be treated as an estate tax); “(3) the period of distribution shall be measured from the date of the generation-skipping transfer; and “(4) the relationship of stock to the decedent’s estate shall be measured with reference solely to the amount of the generation-skipping transfer.”
Effective date note
Amendment by Pub. L. 99–514 applicable to generation-skipping transfers (within the meaning of section 2611 of this title) made after Oct. 22, 1986, except as otherwise provided, see section 1433 of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as an Effective Date note under section 2601 of this title.

14 of 15 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial

Editorial Notes

Amendments1976–1986 · 3 rounds

1986

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 99–514 amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (d) read as follows: “Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, where stock in a corporation is subject to tax under section 2601 as a result of a generation-skipping transfer (within the meaning of section 2611(a)), which occurs at or after the death of the deemed transferor (within the meaning of section 2612)—

“(1) the stock shall be deemed to be included in the gross estate of the deemed transferor;

“(2) taxes of the kind referred to in subsection (a)(1) which are imposed because of the generation-skipping transfer shall be treated as imposed because of the deemed transferor’s death (and for this purpose the tax imposed by section 2601 shall be treated as an estate tax);

“(3) the period of distribution shall be measured from the date of the generation-skipping transfer; and

“(4) the relationship of stock to the decedent’s estate shall be measured with reference solely to the amount of the generation-skipping transfer.”

1981

Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(e)(1), struck out “or 6166A” after “section 6166” in two places.

Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(b)(1), substituted “35” for “50” before percent.

Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 97–34, § 422(b)(2), in heading, substituted “stock in 2” for “stock of two”, in first sentence, struck out “the 50 percent requirement” before “of subparagraph (A)” and substituted “2” for “two” and “20 percent or more in value” for “more than 75 percent in value”, and, in last sentence, substituted “For purposes of the 20-percent requirement” for “For the purpose of the 75 percent requirement” and, in determining value of decedent’s gross estate, treated the estate as including stock which at decedent’s death represented surviving spouse’s interest in property held by the decedent and surviving spouse either as joint tenants, tenants by the entirety, or tenants in common.

1976

Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(1), added subpar. (C).

Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(2)(A), substituted provisions limiting the applicability of subsec. (a) to corporate distributions in which the value of the corporate stock included in decedent’s gross estate exceeds 50 percent of the gross estate over deductions allowed under sections 2053 and 2054 for provisions limiting the applicability of subsec. (a) to corporate distributions in which the value of the corporate stock included in decedent’s gross estate is either more than 35 percent of the gross estate or 50 percent of the taxable estate.

Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(2)(B), substituted “the 50 percent requirement” for “the 35 percent and 50 percent requirements”.

Subsec. (b)(3), (4). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(3), added pars. (3) and (4).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2004(e)(4), substituted “limitation specified in subsection (b)” for “limitation specified in subsection (b)(1)”.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 94–455, § 2006(b)(4), added subsec. (d).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–514 applicable to generation-skipping transfers (within the meaning of section 2611 of this title) made after Oct. 22, 1986, except as otherwise provided, see section 1433 of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as an Effective Date note under section 2601 of this title.

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–34 applicable to estates of decedents dying after Dec. 31, 1981, see section 422(f) of Pub. L. 97–34, set out as a note under section 6166 of this title.

Effective Date of 1976 Amendment

Amendment by section 2004(e)(1)–(4) of Pub. L. 94–455 applicable to estates of decedents dying after Dec. 31, 1976, see section 2004(g) of Pub. L. 94–455, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6166 of this title.

For effective date of amendment by section 2006(b)(4) of Pub. L. 94–455, see section 2006(c) of Pub. L. 94–455, set out as an Effective Date note under section 2601 of this title.

Credits

1954–1986 · 4 acts

1954Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 88
1976Pub. L. 94–455, title XX, §§ 2004(e), 2006(b)(4), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1871, 1889
1981Pub. L. 97–34, title IV, § 422(b), (e)(1), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 314, 316
1986Pub. L. 99–514, title XIV, § 1432(b), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2730.

Show as published

(Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 88; Pub. L. 94–455, title XX, §§ 2004(e), 2006(b)(4), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1871, 1889; Pub. L. 97–34, title IV, § 422(b), (e)(1), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 314, 316; Pub. L. 99–514, title XIV, § 1432(b), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2730.)