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Title 26 — Internal Revenue Code

Part I · Chapter 1 — Normal Taxes and Surtaxes

§ 406. Employees of foreign affiliates covered by section 3121(l) agreements

Statutory text

(a)

Treatment as employees of American employer

For purposes of applying this part with respect to a pension, profit-sharing, or stock bonus plan described in section 401(a) or an annuity plan described in section 403(a), of an American employer (as defined in section 3121(h)), an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States and who is an employee of a foreign affiliate (as defined in section 3121(l)(6)) of such American employer shall be treated as an employee of such American employer, if—

(1)

such American employer has entered into an agreement under section 3121(l) which applies to the foreign affiliate of which such individual is an employee;

(2)

the plan of such American employer expressly provides for contributions or benefits for individuals who are citizens or residents of the United States and who are employees of its foreign affiliates to which an agreement entered into by such American employer under section 3121(l) applies; and

(3)

contributions under a funded plan of deferred compensation (whether or not a plan described in section 401(a) or 403(a)) are not provided by any other person with respect to the remuneration paid to such individual by the foreign affiliate.

(b)

Special rules for application of section 401(a)

(1)

Nondiscrimination requirements

For purposes of applying section 401(a)(4) and section 410(b) with respect to an individual who is treated as an employee of an American employer under subsection (a)—

(A)

if such individual is a highly compensated employee (within the meaning of section 414(q)), he shall be treated as having such capacity with respect to such American employer; and

(B)

the determination of whether such individual is a highly compensated employee (as so defined) shall be made by treating such individual’s total compensation (determined with the application of paragraph (2) of this subsection) as compensation paid by such American employer and by determining such individual’s status with regard to such American employer.

(2)

Determination of compensation

For purposes of applying paragraph (5) of section 401(a) with respect to an individual who is treated as an employee of an American employer under subsection (a)—

(A)

the total compensation of such individual shall be the remuneration paid to such individual by the foreign affiliate which would constitute his total compensation if his services had been performed for such American employer, and the basic or regular rate of compensation of such individual shall be determined under regulations prescribed by the Secretary; and

(B)

such individual shall be treated as having paid the amount paid by such American employer which is equivalent to the tax imposed by section 3101.

[(c) Repealed. Pub. L. 104–188, title I, § 1401(b)(7), , 110 Stat. 1789]

(d)

Deductibility of contributions

For purposes of applying section 404 with respect to contributions made to or under a pension, profit-sharing, stock bonus, or annuity plan by an American employer, or by another taxpayer which is entitled to deduct its contributions under section 404(a)(3)(B), on behalf of an individual who is treated as an employee of such American employer under subsection (a)—

(1)

except as provided in paragraph (2), no deduction shall be allowed to such American employer or to any other taxpayer which is entitled to deduct its contributions under such sections,

(2)

there shall be allowed as a deduction to the foreign affiliate of which such individual is an employee an amount equal to the amount which (but for paragraph (1)) would be deductible under section 404 by the American employer if he were an employee of the American employer, and

(3)

any reference to compensation shall be considered to be a reference to the total compensation of such individual (determined with the application of subsection (b)(2)).

Any amount deductible by a foreign affiliate under this subsection shall be deductible for its taxable year with or within which the taxable year of such American employer ends.

(e)

Treatment as employee under related provisions

An individual who is treated as an employee of an American employer under subsection (a) shall also be treated as an employee of such American employer, with respect to the plan described in subsection (a)(2), for purposes of applying the following provisions of this title:

(1)

Section 72(f) (relating to special rules for computing employees’ contributions).

(2)

Section 2039 (relating to annuities).

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Revenue Act of 1964

    Pub. L. 88–272 title II § 220(a) · 78 Stat. 19

    Enacted · 26 U.S.C. § 406

    Added Pub. L. 88–272, title II, § 220(a), Feb. 26, 1964, 78 Stat. 58

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    Added Pub. L. 88–272, title II, § 220(a), Feb. 26, 1964, 78 Stat. 58

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Employees of Foreign Subsidiaries Covered by Social Security Agreements.— Part I of subchapter D of chapter 1 (relating to pension, profit-sharing, stock bonus plans, etc.) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new section: “SEC. 406. CERTAIN EMPLOYEES OF FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES. “(a) Treatment as Employees of Domestic Corporation.— For purposes of applying this part with respect to a pension, profit-sharing, 76 Stat. 809. 26 USC 401. 26 USC 403. 76 Stat. 826. 26 USC 405. or stock bonus plan described in section 401(a), an annuity plan described in section 403(a), or a bond purchase plan described in section 405(a), of a domestic corporation, an individual who is a citizen of the United States and who is an employee of 68 Stat. 1094. 26 USC 3121. a foreign subsidiary (as defined in section 3121(1) (8)) or such domestic corporation shall be treated as an employee of such domestic corporation, if— “(1) such domestic corporation has entered into an agreement under section 3121(1) which applies to the foreign subsidiary of which such individual is an employee; “(2) the plan of such domestic corporation expressly provides for contributions or benefits for individuals who are citizens of the United States and who are employees of its foreign subsidiaries to which an agreement entered into by such domestic corporation under section 3121 (1) applies; and “(3) contributions under a funded plan of deferred compensation (whether or not a plan described in section 401 (a), 403(a), or 405(a)) are not provided by any other person with respect to the remuneration paid to such individual by the foreign subsidiary. “(b) Special Rules for Application of Section 401(a).— “(1) Nondiscrimination requirements.— For purposes of applying paragraph (3)(B) and (4) of section 401(a) with 68A Stat. 134. 26 USC 401. respect to an individual who is treated as an employee of a domestic corporation under subsection (a)— “(A) if such individual is an officer, shareholder, or person whose principal duties consist in supervising the work of other employees of a foreign subsidiary of such domestic corporation, he shall be treated as having such capacity with respect to such domestic corporation; and “(B) the determination of whether such individual is a highly compensated employee shall be made by treating such individual’s total compensation (determined with the application of paragraph (2) of this subsection) as compensation paid by such domestic corporation and by determining such individual’s status with regard to such domestic corporation. “(2) Determination of compensation.— For purposes of applying paragraph (5) of section 401(a) with respect to an individual who is treated as an employee of a domestic corporation under subsection (a)— “(A) the total compensation of such individual shall be the remuneration paid to such individual by the foreign subsidiary which would constitute his total compensation if his services had been performed for such domestic corporation, and the basic or regular rate of compensation of such individual shall be determined under regulations prescribed by the Secretary or his delegate; and “(B) such individual shall be treated as having paid the amount paid by such domestic corporation which is equivalent to the tax imposed by section 3101. 75 Stat. 141. 26 USC 3101. “(c) Termination of Status as Deemed Employee Not To Be Treated as Separation From Service for Purposes of Capital Gain Provisions.— For purposes of applying section 402(a) (2) and section 26 USC 402. 26 USC 403. 403(a) (2) with respect to an individual who is treated as an employee of a domestic corporation under subsection (a), such individual shall not be considered as separated from the service of such domestic corporation solely by reason of the fact that— “(1) the agreement entered into by such domestic corporation under section 3121(1) which covers the employment of such 68 Stat. 1094. 26 USC 3121. individual is terminated under the provisions of such section, “(2) such individual becomes an employee of a foreign subsidiary with respect to which such agreement does not apply, “(3) such individual ceases to be an employee of the foreign subsidiary by reason of which he is treated as an employee of such domestic corporation, if he becomes an employee of another corporation controlled by such domestic corporation, or “(4) the provision of the plan described in subsection (a) (2) is terminated. “(d) Deductibility of Contributions.— For purposes of applying sections 404 and 405(c) with respect to contributions made to or 76 Stat. 819, 826. 26 USC 404, 405. under a pension, profit-sharing, stock bonus, annuity, or bond purchase plan by a domestic corporation, or by another corporation which is entitled to deduct its contributions under section 404(a) (3)(B), on behalf of an individual who is treated as an employee of such domestic corporation under subsection (a)— “(1) except as provided in paragraph (2), no deduction shall be allowed to such domestic corporation or to any other corporation which is entitled to deduct its contributions under such sections, “(2) there shall be allowed as a deduction to the foreign, subsidiary of which such individual is an employee an amount equal to the amount which (but for paragraph (1)) would be 68A Stat. 138; 76 Stat. 819, 826. 26 USC 404, 405. deductible under section 404 (or section 405(c)) by the domestic corporation if he were an employee of the domestic corporation, and “(3) any reference to compensation shall be considered to be a reference to the total compensation of such individual (determined with the application of subsection (b)(2)). Any amount deductible by a foreign subsidiary under this subsection shall be deductible for its taxable year with or within which the taxable year of such domestic corporation ends. “(e) Treatment as Employee Under Related Provisions.— An individual who is treated as an employee of a domestic corporation under subsection (a) shall also be treated as an employee of such domestic corporation, with respect to the plan described in subsection (a)(2), for purposes of applying the following provisions of this title: “(1) Section 72(d) (relating to employees’ annuities). “(2) Section 72(f) (relating to special rules for computing employees’ contributions). “(3) Section 101(b) (relating to employees’ death benefits). “(4) Section 2039 (relating to annuities). “(5) Section 2517 (relating to certain annuities under qualified plans)’.”

  2. Tax Reform Act of 1969

    Pub. L. 91–172 title V § 515(c)(2) · 83 Stat. 487

    1. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)

      Pub. L. 91–172 substituted “provisions and limitation of tax” for “provisions” in heading

    2. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)

      Pub. L. 91–172 substituted “section 72(n), section 402(a)(2),” for “section 402(a)(2)” in text

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–172 substituted “provisions and limitation of tax” for “provisions” in heading, and substituted “section 72(n), section 402(a)(2),” for “section 402(a)(2)” in text.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) Section 400(c) (relating to termination of status as deemed 78 Stat. 59. employee not to be treated as separation from service for purposes of capital gain provisions) is amended— (A) by striking out “Provisions.” in the heading and inserting in lieu thereof “Provisions and Limitation of Tax.”; and (B) by striking out “section 402(a)(2)” and inserting in lieu thereof “section 72(n), section 402(a)(2),”.

  3. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974

    Pub. L. 93–406 § 1016(a)(4) · 88 Stat. 829

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(b)(1)

    Pub. L. 93–406, § 1016(a)(4), substituted “section 401(a)(4) and section 410(b) (without regard to paragraph (1)(A) thereof)” for “paragraphs (3)(B) and (4) of section 401(a)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 93–406, § 1016(a)(4), substituted “section 401(a)(4) and section 410(b) (without regard to paragraph (1)(A) thereof)” for “paragraphs (3)(B) and (4) of section 401(a)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) Section 406(b)(1) (relating to certain employees of foreign 26 USC 406. subsidiaries) is amended by striking out “paragraphs (3)(B) and (4) of section 401(a)” and inserting in lieu thereof “section 401(a)(4) and section 410(b) (without regard to paragraph (1)(A) thereof)”.

  4. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974

    Pub. L. 93–406 § 2005(c)(12) · 88 Stat. 829

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)

    Pub. L. 93–406, § 2005(c)(12), substituted “subsections (a)(2) and (e) of section 402” for “section 72(n), section 402(a)(2)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 93–406, § 2005(c)(12), substituted “subsections (a)(2) and (e) of section 402” for “section 72(n), section 402(a)(2)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (12) Section 406(c) (relating to termination of status as 26 USC 406. deemed employee, etc.) is amended by striking out “section 72(n), section 402(a)(2)” and inserting “subsections (a)(2) and (e) of section 402”.

  5. Pub. L. 94–455 title XIX § 1906(b)(13)(A) · 90 Stat. 1520

    Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 406(b)(2)(A)

    Pub. L. 94–455 struck out “or his delegate” after “Secretary”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 94–455 struck out “or his delegate” after “Secretary”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) The Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended by this Act, is amended by striking out “Secretary or his delegate” each place it appears and inserting in lieu thereof “Secretary”.

  6. Pub. L. 98–21 § 321(e)(2)(D)(i) · 97 Stat. 65

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406

    Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(D)(i), substituted “Employees of foreign affiliates covered by section 3121(l) agreements” for “Certain employees of foreign subsidiaries” in section catchline

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(D)(i), substituted “Employees of foreign affiliates covered by section 3121(l) agreements” for “Certain employees of foreign subsidiaries” in section catchline.

  7. Pub. L. 98–21 § 321(c) · 97 Stat. 65

    1. Amended · 26 U.S.C. § 406(a)

      Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(c), amended subsec. (a) generally

    2. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(a)

      Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(c), substituting “American employer” for “domestic corporation” in heading and in text wherever appearing

    3. Inserted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(a)

      Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(c), inserting reference to section 3121(h) of this title

    4. Inserted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(a)

      Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(c), inserting “or resident” after “citizen” wherever appearing

    5. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(a)

      Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(c), substituting “foreign affiliate” for “foreign subsidiary”

    6. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(a)

      Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(c), substituting “foreign affiliates” for “foreign subsidiaries”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(c), amended subsec. (a) generally, substituting “American employer” for “domestic corporation” in heading and in text wherever appearing, inserting reference to section 3121(h) of this title, inserting “or resident” after “citizen” wherever appearing, substituting “foreign affiliate” for “foreign subsidiary” wherever appearing, and “foreign affiliates” for “foreign subsidiaries”.

  8. Pub. L. 98–21 § 321(e)(2)(A) · 97 Stat. 65

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(b)

    Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), substituted reference to an American employer for reference to a domestic corporation, and reference to an affiliate for reference to a subsidiary, wherever appearing

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), substituted reference to an American employer for reference to a domestic corporation, and reference to an affiliate for reference to a subsidiary, wherever appearing.

  9. Pub. L. 98–21 § 321(e)(2)(A) · 97 Stat. 65

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)

    Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), substituted reference to an American employer for reference to a domestic corporation, and reference to an affiliate for reference to a subsidiary, wherever appearing in provisions preceding par. (1) and in pars. (1) and (2)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), substituted reference to an American employer for reference to a domestic corporation, and reference to an affiliate for reference to a subsidiary, wherever appearing in provisions preceding par. (1) and in pars. (1) and (2).

  10. Pub. L. 98–21 § 321(e)(2)(A) · 97 Stat. 65

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)(3)

    Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), (B), substituted “foreign affiliate by reason of which he is treated as an employee of such American employer, if he becomes an employee of another entity in which such American employer has not less than a 10-percent interest (within the meaning of section 3121(l)(8)(B)” for “foreign subsidiary by reason of which he is treated as an employee of such domestic corporation, if he becomes an employee of another corporation controlled by such domestic corporation”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), (B), substituted “foreign affiliate by reason of which he is treated as an employee of such American employer, if he becomes an employee of another entity in which such American employer has not less than a 10-percent interest (within the meaning of section 3121(l)(8)(B)” for “foreign subsidiary by reason of which he is treated as an employee of such domestic corporation, if he becomes an employee of another corporation controlled by such domestic corporation”.

  11. Pub. L. 98–21 § 321(e)(2)(A) · 97 Stat. 65

    1. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(d)

      Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), (C), substituted references to an American employer for references to a domestic corporation and reference to an affiliate for a reference to a subsidiary wherever appearing

    2. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(d)

      Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), (C), substituted “another taxpayer” for “another corporation” in provisions preceding par. (1)

    3. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(d)

      Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), (C), substituted “any other taxpayer” for “any other corporation” in par. (1)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), (C), substituted references to an American employer for references to a domestic corporation and reference to an affiliate for a reference to a subsidiary wherever appearing, substituted “another taxpayer” for “another corporation” in provisions preceding par. (1), and substituted “any other taxpayer” for “any other corporation” in par. (1).

  12. Pub. L. 98–21 § 321(e)(2)(A) · 97 Stat. 65

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(e)

    Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), substituted reference to an American employer for reference to a domestic corporation wherever appearing in provisions preceding par. (1)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), substituted reference to an American employer for reference to a domestic corporation wherever appearing in provisions preceding par. (1).

  13. Tax Reform Act of 1984

    Pub. L. 98–369 § 491(d)(13) · 98 Stat. 494

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(a)

    Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(13), substituted in introductory provision “or an annuity plan described in section 403(a)” for “, an annuity plan described in section 403(a), or a bond purchase plan described in section 405(a)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(13), substituted in introductory provision “or an annuity plan described in section 403(a)” for “, an annuity plan described in section 403(a), or a bond purchase plan described in section 405(a)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (13) Subsection (a) of section 406 is amended by striking out 26 USC 406. “, an annuity plan described in section 403(a), or a bond purchase plan described in section 405(a)” and inserting in lieu thereof “or an annuity plan described in section 403(a)”.

  14. Tax Reform Act of 1984

    Pub. L. 98–369 § 491(d)(14) · 98 Stat. 494

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(a)(3)

    Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(14), substituted “or 403(a)” for “, 403(a), or 405(a)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(14), substituted “or 403(a)” for “, 403(a), or 405(a)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (14) Paragraph (3) of section 406(a) is amended by striking out “, 403(a), or 405(a)” and inserting in lieu thereof “or 403(a)”.

  15. Tax Reform Act of 1984

    Pub. L. 98–369 § 491(d)(15)(A) · 98 Stat. 494

    1. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(d)

      Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(15)(A), (B), substituted in introductory provision “section 404” for “sections 404 and 405(c)”

    2. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(d)

      Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(15)(A), (B), substituted in introductory provision “or annuity” for “annuity, or bond purchase”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(15)(A), (B), substituted in introductory provision “section 404” for “sections 404 and 405(c)”, and “or annuity” for “annuity, or bond purchase”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) by striking out “sections 404 and 405(c)” and inserting in lieu thereof ‘Section 404”,

  16. Tax Reform Act of 1984

    Pub. L. 98–369 § 491(d)(15)(C) · 98 Stat. 494

    Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 406(d)(2)

    Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(15)(C), struck out “(or section 405(c))” after “section 404”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(15)(C), struck out “(or section 405(c))” after “section 404”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (C) by striking out “(or section 405(c))” in paragraph (2) thereof.

  17. Tax Reform Act of 1986

    Pub. L. 99–514 § 1112(d)(3) · 100 Stat. 2085

    Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 406(b)(1)

    Pub. L. 99–514, § 1112(d)(3), struck out “(without regard to paragraph (1)(A) thereof)” after “section 410(b)” in introductory text

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1112(d)(3), struck out “(without regard to paragraph (1)(A) thereof)” after “section 410(b)” in introductory text.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) Sections 406(b)(1) and 407(b)(1) are each amended by striking out “(without regard to paragraph (1)(A) thereof” after “section 410(b)”.

  18. Tax Reform Act of 1986

    Pub. L. 99–514 § 1114(b)(9)(A) · 100 Stat. 2085

    1. Amended · 26 U.S.C. § 406(b)(1)(A)

      Pub. L. 99–514, § 1114(b)(9)(A), as amended by Pub. L. 101–239, § 7831(f)

    2. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(b)(1)(A)

      Pub. L. 99–514, § 1114(b)(9)(A), as substituted “a highly compensated employee (within the meaning of section 414(q))” for “an officer, shareholder, or person whose principal duties consist in supervising the work of other employees of a foreign affiliate of such American employer”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1114(b)(9)(A), as amended by Pub. L. 101–239, § 7831(f), substituted “a highly compensated employee (within the meaning of section 414(q))” for “an officer, shareholder, or person whose principal duties consist in supervising the work of other employees of a foreign affiliate of such American employer”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) Section 406(b)(1)(A) is amended by striking out “an officer, shareholder, or person whose principal duties consist of supervising the work of other employees of a foreign affiliate of such American employer” and insert in lieu thereof “a highly compensated employee (within the meaning of section 414(q))”.

  19. Tax Reform Act of 1986

    Pub. L. 99–514 § 1114(b)(9)(C) · 100 Stat. 2085

    Inserted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(b)(1)(B)

    Pub. L. 99–514, § 1114(b)(9)(C), inserted “(as so defined)” after “employee”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1)(B). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1114(b)(9)(C), inserted “(as so defined)” after “employee”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (C) Sections 406(b)(1)(B) and 407(b)(1)(B) are each amended by inserting “(as so defined)” after “employee”.

  20. Tax Reform Act of 1986

    Pub. L. 99–514 § 1852(e)(2)(C) · 100 Stat. 2085

    Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 406(e)(5)

    Pub. L. 99–514, § 1852(e)(2)(C), struck out par. (5) which read as follows: “Section 2517 (relating to certain annuities under qualified plans).”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e)(5). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1852(e)(2)(C), struck out par. (5) which read as follows: “Section 2517 (relating to certain annuities under qualified plans).”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (C) Subsection (e) of section 406 is amended by striking out paragraph (5).

  21. Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988

    Pub. L. 100–647 § 1011A(b)(16) · 102 Stat. 3342

    1. Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)

      Pub. L. 100–647, § 1011A(b)(16), struck out “of capital gain provisions and” after “service for purposes” in heading

    2. Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)

      Pub. L. 100–647, § 1011A(b)(16), substituted “applying section 402(e)” for “applying subsections (a)(2) and (e) of section 402, and section 403(a)(2)” in text

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1011A(b)(16), struck out “of capital gain provisions and” after “service for purposes” in heading and substituted “applying section 402(e)” for “applying subsections (a)(2) and (e) of section 402, and section 403(a)(2)” in text.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (16) Sections 406(c) and 407(c) of the 1986 Code are each amended— (A) by striking out “subsections (a)(2) and (e) of section 402, and section 403(a)(2)” and inserting in lieu thereof “section 402(e)”, and (B) by striking out “of Capital Gain Provisions and” in the heading thereof.

  22. Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988

    Pub. L. 100–647 § 1011A(b)(1)(C) · 102 Stat. 3342

    1. Redesignated · 26 U.S.C. § 406(e)

      Pub. L. 100–647, § 1011A(b)(1)(C), redesignated pars. (2) to (4) as (1) to (3), respectively

    2. Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 406(e)

      Pub. L. 100–647, § 1011A(b)(1)(C), struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: “Section 72(d) (relating to employees’ annuities).”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1011A(b)(1)(C), redesignated pars. (2) to (4) as (1) to (3), respectively, and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: “Section 72(d) (relating to employees’ annuities).”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (C) Sections 406(e) and 407(e) of the 1986 Code are each amended by striking out paragraph (1) and by redesignating paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) as paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), respectively.

  23. Miscellaneous and Technical Social Security Act Amendments of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–239 § 10201(b)(1) · 103 Stat. 2106

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(a)

    Pub. L. 101–239, § 10201(b)(1), substituted “3121(l)(6)” for “3121(l)(8)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–239, § 10201(b)(1), substituted “3121(l)(6)” for “3121(l)(8)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) Subsection (a) of section 210 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 410(a)) and subsection (a) of section 406 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to treatment of employees of American employer) are each amended by striking “section 3121(l)(8)” and inserting “section 3121(l)(6)”.

  24. Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–239 § 7831(f) · 103 Stat. 2106

    Changed · 26 U.S.C. § 406(b)(1)(A)

    Pub. L. 101–239, § 7831(f), made technical correction to Pub. L. 99–514, § 1114(b)(9)(A), see 1986 Amendment note below

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 101–239, § 7831(f), made technical correction to Pub. L. 99–514, § 1114(b)(9)(A), see 1986 Amendment note below.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (f) Amendment Related to Section 1114 of the 1986 Act.— Subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 1114(b)(9) of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 are each amended by striking “consist of supervising” 26 USC 406, 407. and inserting “consist in supervising”.

  25. Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–239 § 7811(g)(3) · 103 Stat. 2106

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)

    Pub. L. 101–239, § 7811(g)(3), substituted “purposes of limitation” for “purposes limitation” in heading

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–239, § 7811(g)(3), substituted “purposes of limitation” for “purposes limitation” in heading.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) The heading of sections 406(c) and 407(c) are each amended by striking “Purposes Limitation” and inserting “Purposes of Limitation”.

  26. Miscellaneous and Technical Social Security Act Amendments of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–239 § 10201(b)(2) · 103 Stat. 2106

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)(3)

    Pub. L. 101–239, § 10201(b)(2), substituted “3121(l)(6)(B)” for “3121(l)(8)(B)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 101–239, § 10201(b)(2), substituted “3121(l)(6)(B)” for “3121(l)(8)(B)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) Paragraph (3) of section 406(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to termination of status as deemed employee not be treated as separation from service for purposes of limitation of tax) is amended by striking “section 3121(l)(8)(B)” and inserting “section 3121(l)(6)(B)”.

  27. Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 1992

    Pub. L. 102–318 title V § 521(b)(14) · 106 Stat. 290

    Substituted · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)

    Pub. L. 102–318 substituted “402(d)” for “402(e)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–318 substituted “402(d)” for “402(e)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (14) Section 406(c) (relating to termination of status as 26 USC 406. deemed employee not to be treated as separation from service for purposes of limitation of tax) is amended by striking “section 402(e)” and inserting “section 402(d)”.

  28. Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996

    Pub. L. 104–188 § 1401(b)(7) · 110 Stat. 1755

    Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 406(c)

    Pub. L. 104–188, § 1401(b)(7), struck out subsec. (c) which related to treatment of termination of status as deemed employee

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–188, § 1401(b)(7), struck out subsec. (c) which related to treatment of termination of status as deemed employee.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (7) Section 406(c) (relating to termination of status as deemed employee not to be treated as separation from service for purposes of limitation of tax) is hereby repealed.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by section 1401(b)(7) of Pub. L. 104–188 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1999, with retention of certain transition rules, see section 1401(c) of Pub. L. 104–188, set out as a note under section 402 of this title. Amendment by section 1402(b)(2) of Pub. L. 104–188 applicable with respect to decedents dying after Aug. 20, 1996, see section 1402(c) of Pub. L. 104–188, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.

  29. Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996

    Pub. L. 104–188 § 1402(b)(2) · 110 Stat. 1755

    1. Redesignated · 26 U.S.C. § 406(e)(2); 26 U.S.C. § 406(e)(3)

      Pub. L. 104–188, § 1402(b)(2), redesignated par. (3) as (2)

    2. Struck · 26 U.S.C. § 406(e)(2); 26 U.S.C. § 406(e)(3)

      Pub. L. 104–188, § 1402(b)(2), struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: “Section 101(b) (relating to employees’ death benefits).”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e)(2), (3). Pub. L. 104–188, § 1402(b)(2), redesignated par. (3) as (2) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: “Section 101(b) (relating to employees’ death benefits).”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) Sections 406(e) and 407(e) are each amended by striking paragraph (2) and by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2).

    Effective date note
    Amendment by section 1401(b)(7) of Pub. L. 104–188 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1999, with retention of certain transition rules, see section 1401(c) of Pub. L. 104–188, set out as a note under section 402 of this title. Amendment by section 1402(b)(2) of Pub. L. 104–188 applicable with respect to decedents dying after Aug. 20, 1996, see section 1402(c) of Pub. L. 104–188, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.

28 of 42 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 14 partial

Editorial Notes

Amendments1969–1996 · 10 rounds

1996

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–188, § 1401(b)(7), struck out subsec. (c) which related to treatment of termination of status as deemed employee.

Subsec. (e)(2), (3). Pub. L. 104–188, § 1402(b)(2), redesignated par. (3) as (2) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: “Section 101(b) (relating to employees’ death benefits).”

1992

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–318 substituted “402(d)” for “402(e)”.

1989

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–239, § 10201(b)(1), substituted “3121(l)(6)” for “3121(l)(8)”.

Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 101–239, § 7831(f), made technical correction to Pub. L. 99–514, § 1114(b)(9)(A), see 1986 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–239, § 7811(g)(3), substituted “purposes of limitation” for “purposes limitation” in heading.

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 101–239, § 10201(b)(2), substituted “3121(l)(6)(B)” for “3121(l)(8)(B)”.

1988

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1011A(b)(16), struck out “of capital gain provisions and” after “service for purposes” in heading and substituted “applying section 402(e)” for “applying subsections (a)(2) and (e) of section 402, and section 403(a)(2)” in text.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1011A(b)(1)(C), redesignated pars. (2) to (4) as (1) to (3), respectively, and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: “Section 72(d) (relating to employees’ annuities).”

1986

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1112(d)(3), struck out “(without regard to paragraph (1)(A) thereof)” after “section 410(b)” in introductory text.

Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1114(b)(9)(A), as amended by Pub. L. 101–239, § 7831(f), substituted “a highly compensated employee (within the meaning of section 414(q))” for “an officer, shareholder, or person whose principal duties consist in supervising the work of other employees of a foreign affiliate of such American employer”.

Subsec. (b)(1)(B). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1114(b)(9)(C), inserted “(as so defined)” after “employee”.

Subsec. (e)(5). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1852(e)(2)(C), struck out par. (5) which read as follows: “Section 2517 (relating to certain annuities under qualified plans).”

1984

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(13), substituted in introductory provision “or an annuity plan described in section 403(a)” for “, an annuity plan described in section 403(a), or a bond purchase plan described in section 405(a)”.

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(14), substituted “or 403(a)” for “, 403(a), or 405(a)”.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(15)(A), (B), substituted in introductory provision “section 404” for “sections 404 and 405(c)”, and “or annuity” for “annuity, or bond purchase”.

Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 98–369, § 491(d)(15)(C), struck out “(or section 405(c))” after “section 404”.

1983

Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(D)(i), substituted “Employees of foreign affiliates covered by section 3121(l) agreements” for “Certain employees of foreign subsidiaries” in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(c), amended subsec. (a) generally, substituting “American employer” for “domestic corporation” in heading and in text wherever appearing, inserting reference to section 3121(h) of this title, inserting “or resident” after “citizen” wherever appearing, substituting “foreign affiliate” for “foreign subsidiary” wherever appearing, and “foreign affiliates” for “foreign subsidiaries”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), substituted reference to an American employer for reference to a domestic corporation, and reference to an affiliate for reference to a subsidiary, wherever appearing.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), substituted reference to an American employer for reference to a domestic corporation, and reference to an affiliate for reference to a subsidiary, wherever appearing in provisions preceding par. (1) and in pars. (1) and (2).

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), (B), substituted “foreign affiliate by reason of which he is treated as an employee of such American employer, if he becomes an employee of another entity in which such American employer has not less than a 10-percent interest (within the meaning of section 3121(l)(8)(B)” for “foreign subsidiary by reason of which he is treated as an employee of such domestic corporation, if he becomes an employee of another corporation controlled by such domestic corporation”.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), (C), substituted references to an American employer for references to a domestic corporation and reference to an affiliate for a reference to a subsidiary wherever appearing, substituted “another taxpayer” for “another corporation” in provisions preceding par. (1), and substituted “any other taxpayer” for “any other corporation” in par. (1).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 98–21, § 321(e)(2)(A), substituted reference to an American employer for reference to a domestic corporation wherever appearing in provisions preceding par. (1).

1976

Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 94–455 struck out “or his delegate” after “Secretary”.

1974

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 93–406, § 1016(a)(4), substituted “section 401(a)(4) and section 410(b) (without regard to paragraph (1)(A) thereof)” for “paragraphs (3)(B) and (4) of section 401(a)”.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 93–406, § 2005(c)(12), substituted “subsections (a)(2) and (e) of section 402” for “section 72(n), section 402(a)(2)”.

1969

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–172 substituted “provisions and limitation of tax” for “provisions” in heading, and substituted “section 72(n), section 402(a)(2),” for “section 402(a)(2)” in text.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

Amendment by section 1401(b)(7) of Pub. L. 104–188 applicable to taxable years beginning after , with retention of certain transition rules, see section 1401(c) of Pub. L. 104–188, set out as a note under section 402 of this title.

Amendment by section 1402(b)(2) of Pub. L. 104–188 applicable with respect to decedents dying after , see section 1402(c) of Pub. L. 104–188, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–318 applicable to distributions after , see section 521(e) of Pub. L. 102–318, set out as a note under section 402 of this title.

Effective Date of 1989 Amendment

Amendment by section 7811(g)(3) of Pub. L. 101–239 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988, Pub. L. 100–647, to which such amendment relates, see section 7817 of Pub. L. 101–239, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Amendment by section 7831(f) of Pub. L. 101–239 effective as if included in the provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99–514, to which such amendment relates, see section 7831(g) of Pub. L. 101–239, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Pub. L. 101–239, title X, § 10201(c), , 103 Stat. 2472, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section, section 3121 of this title, and section 410 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] shall apply with respect to any agreement in effect under section 3121(l) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 on or after , with respect to which no notice of termination is in effect on such date.”

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 100–647 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99–514, to which such amendment relates, see section 1019(a) of Pub. L. 100–647, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Amendment by section 1112(d)(3) of Pub. L. 99–514 applicable to plan years beginning after , with special rule regarding collective bargaining agreements ratified before , and with provision for waiver of excise tax on reversions, see section 1112(e) of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Amendment by section 1114(b)(9)(A), (C) of Pub. L. 99–514 applicable to years beginning after , see section 1114(c)(3) of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as a note under section 414 of this title.

Pub. L. 99–514, title XVIII, § 1852(e)(2)(E), , 100 Stat. 2868, provided that: “The amendments made by this paragraph [amending this section and section 407 of this title and repealing section 2517 of this title] shall apply to transfers after the date of the enactment of this Act [].”

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–369 applicable to obligations issued after , see section 491(f)(1) of Pub. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section 62 of this title.

Effective Date of 1983 Amendment

Pub. L. 98–21, title III, § 321(f), , 97 Stat. 120, provided that:

“(1)
(A)

The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 407, 1402, 3121, and 6413 of this title and section 410 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] (other than subsection (d) [amending section 407 of this title]) shall apply to agreements entered into after the date of the enactment of this Act [].

“(B)

At the election of any American employer, the amendments made by this section (other than subsection (d)) shall also apply to any agreement entered into on or before the date of the enactment of this Act. Any such election shall be made at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may by regulations prescribe.

“(2)
(A)

The amendments made by subsection (d) [amending section 407 of this title] shall apply to plans established after the date of the enactment of this Act [].

“(B)

At the election of any domestic parent corporation the amendments made by subsection (d) shall also apply to any plan established on or before the date of the enactment of this Act. Any such election shall be made at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may by regulations prescribe.”

Effective Date of 1974 Amendment

Amendment by section 1016(a)(4) of Pub. L. 93–406 applicable, except as otherwise provided in section 1017(c) through (i) of Pub. L. 93–406, for plan years beginning after , but, in the case of plans in existence on , amendment by Pub. L. 93–406 applicable for plan years beginning after , see section 1017 of Pub. L. 93–406, set out as an Effective Date; Transition of Rules note under section 410 of this title.

Amendment by section 2005(c)(12) of Pub. L. 93–406 applicable only with respect to distributions or payments made after , in taxable years beginning after , see section 2005(d) of Pub. L. 93–406, set out as a note under section 402 of this title.

Effective Date of 1969 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 91–172 applicable to taxable years ending after , see section 515(d) of Pub. L. 91–172, set out as a note under section 402 of this title.

Effective Date

Pub. L. 88–272, title II, § 220(d), , 78 Stat. 63, provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) [enacting this section], (b) [enacting section 407 of this title], and (c)(1) [amending the analysis preceding section 401 of this title] shall apply to taxable years ending after . The amendments made by subsections (c)(2) [amending section 3121 of this title] and (3) [amending section 409 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] shall apply to remuneration paid after .”

Regulations

Secretary of the Treasury or his delegate to issue before , final regulations to carry out amendments made by sections 1112 and 1114 of Pub. L. 99–514, see section 1141 of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Plan Amendments Not Required Until January 1, 1998

For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle D [§§ 1401–1465] of title I of Pub. L. 104–188 require an amendment to any plan or annuity contract, such amendment shall not be required to be made before the first day of the first plan year beginning on or after , see section 1465 of Pub. L. 104–188, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Plan Amendments Not Required Until January 1, 1994

For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle B [§§ 521–523] of title V of Pub. L. 102–318 require an amendment to any plan, such plan amendment shall not be required to be made before the first plan year beginning on or after , see section 523 of Pub. L. 102–318, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Plan Amendments Not Required Until January 1, 1989

For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle A or subtitle C of title XI [§§ 1101–1147 and 1171–1177] or title XVIII [§§ 1800–1899A] of Pub. L. 99–514 require an amendment to any plan, such plan amendment shall not be required to be made before the first plan year beginning on or after , see section 1140 of Pub. L. 99–514, as amended, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Credits

1964–1996 · 11 acts
  1. 1964Added Pub. L. 88–272, title II, § 220(a), , 78 Stat. 58
  2. 1969amended Pub. L. 91–172, title V, § 515(c)(2), , 83 Stat. 645
  3. 1974Pub. L. 93–406, title II, §§ 1016(a)(4), 2005(c)(12), , 88 Stat. 929, 992
  4. 1976Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, § 1906(b)(13)(A), , 90 Stat. 1834
  5. 1983Pub. L. 98–21, title III, § 321(c), (e)(2)(A)–(D)(i), , 97 Stat. 119, 120
  6. 1984Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title IV, § 491(d)(13)–(15), , 98 Stat. 849
  7. 1986Pub. L. 99–514, title XI, §§ 1112(d)(3), 1114(b)(9)(A), (C), title XVIII, § 1852(e)(2)(C), , 100 Stat. 2445, 2451, 2868
  8. 1988Pub. L. 100–647, title I, § 1011A(b)(1)(C), (16), , 102 Stat. 3472, 3475
  9. 1989Pub. L. 101–239, title VII, §§ 7811(g)(3), 7831(f), title X, § 10201(b)(1), (2), , 103 Stat. 2409, 2427, 2472
  10. 1992Pub. L. 102–318, title V, § 521(b)(14), , 106 Stat. 311
  11. 1996Pub. L. 104–188, title I, §§ 1401(b)(7), 1402(b)(2), , 110 Stat. 1789, 1790.
Show as published

(Added Pub. L. 88–272, title II, § 220(a), , 78 Stat. 58; amended Pub. L. 91–172, title V, § 515(c)(2), , 83 Stat. 645; Pub. L. 93–406, title II, §§ 1016(a)(4), 2005(c)(12), , 88 Stat. 929, 992; Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, § 1906(b)(13)(A), , 90 Stat. 1834; Pub. L. 98–21, title III, § 321(c), (e)(2)(A)–(D)(i), , 97 Stat. 119, 120; Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title IV, § 491(d)(13)–(15), , 98 Stat. 849; Pub. L. 99–514, title XI, §§ 1112(d)(3), 1114(b)(9)(A), (C), title XVIII, § 1852(e)(2)(C), , 100 Stat. 2445, 2451, 2868; Pub. L. 100–647, title I, § 1011A(b)(1)(C), (16), , 102 Stat. 3472, 3475; Pub. L. 101–239, title VII, §§ 7811(g)(3), 7831(f), title X, § 10201(b)(1), (2), , 103 Stat. 2409, 2427, 2472; Pub. L. 102–318, title V, § 521(b)(14), , 106 Stat. 311; Pub. L. 104–188, title I, §§ 1401(b)(7), 1402(b)(2), , 110 Stat. 1789, 1790.)

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