Title 28 — Judiciary and Judicial Procedure
Part III · Chapter 41 — Administrative Office of United States Courts
§ 610. Courts defined
Statutory text
As used in this chapter the word “courts” includes the courts of appeals and district courts of the United States, the United States District Court for the District of the Canal Zone, the District Court of Guam, the District Court of the Virgin Islands, the United States Court of Federal Claims, and the Court of International Trade.
Legislative history
Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.
Title 28, United States Code, section —
Pub. L. 80–646 · 62 Stat. 869
Enacted · 28 U.S.C. § 610
June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 915
Source evidence
Code source credit
June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 915Pub. L. 85–508 § 12(e) · 72 Stat. 339
Struck · 28 U.S.C. § 610
Pub. L. 85–508 struck out provisions which included District Court for Territory of Alaska within definition of court. See section 81A of this title which establishes a United States District Court for the State of Alaska
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 85–508 struck out provisions which included District Court for Territory of Alaska within definition of court. See section 81A of this title which establishes a United States District Court for the State of Alaska.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(e) The words “the District Court for the Territory of Alaska,” are stricken out wherever they appear in sections 333, 460, 610, 753, 1252, 1291, 1292, and 1346 of title 28, United States Code;Pub. L. 95–598 title II § 226 · 92 Stat. 2549
Substituted · 28 U.S.C. § 610
Pub. L. 95–598 directed the amendment of section by substituting “, district courts, and bankruptcy courts” for “and district courts”, which amendment did not become effective pursuant to section 402(b) of Pub. L. 95–598, as amended, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 11, Bankruptcy
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 95–598 directed the amendment of section by substituting “, district courts, and bankruptcy courts” for “and district courts”, which amendment did not become effective pursuant to section 402(b) of Pub. L. 95–598, as amended, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 11, Bankruptcy.Enacted provision · exact public law section
Sec. 226. Section 610 of title 28 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “and district courts” and inserting in lieu thereof “, district courts, and bankruptcy courts”.Customs Courts Act of 1980
Pub. L. 96–417 title V § 501(15) · 94 Stat. 1727
Redesignated · 28 U.S.C. § 610
Pub. L. 96–417 redesignated the Customs Court as the Court of International Trade
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 96–417 redesignated the Customs Court as the Court of International Trade.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(15) Section 610.Federal Courts Improvement Act of 1982
Pub. L. 97–164 title I § 120(a) · 96 Stat. 25
Substituted · 28 U.S.C. § 610
Pub. L. 97–164 substituted “the United States Claims Court” for “the Court of Claims, the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 97–164 substituted “the United States Claims Court” for “the Court of Claims, the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(a) Section 610 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by striking out “the Court of Claims, the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals” and inserting in lieu thereof “the United States Claims Court”.Court of Federal Claims Technical and Procedural Improvements Act of 1992
Pub. L. 102–572 title IX § 902(b)(1) · 106 Stat. 4506
Substituted · 28 U.S.C. § 610
Pub. L. 102–572 substituted “United States Court of Federal Claims” for “United States Claims Court”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 102–572 substituted “United States Court of Federal Claims” for “United States Claims Court”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) the “United States Claims Court” shall be deemed to refer to the “United States Court of Federal Claims”; andEffective date note
Amendment by Pub. L. 102–572 effective Oct. 29, 1992, see section 911 of Pub. L. 102–572, set out as a note under section 171 of this title.
5 of 6 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial
Notes
Historical and Revision Notes
Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 450 (Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 308, as added Aug. 7, 1939, ch. 501, § 1, 53 Stat. 1223).
Words “and the United States Court for China” were omitted. See reviser’s note under section 411 of this title.
Provisions making this chapter and sections 332 and 333 of this title expressly applicable to the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia were omitted as covered by “courts of appeals.” (See section 41 of this title and reviser’s notes under such section and section 44 of this title.)
A definition of “continental United States” as “the States of the Union and the District of Columbia” is omitted as unnecessary. (See reviser’s note under section 333 of this title.)
The term “district courts in the United States” in this section includes the District Court for the District of Columbia. (See section 88 of this title.)
Other provisions of section 450 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., are incorporated in sections 333 and 604 of this title.
The phrase “all other courts of the United States established by Act of Congress” was added to provide for future growth of the Federal judicial system. [See Senate Revision Amendment below.]
Changes in arrangement and phraseology were made.
Senate Revision Amendment
Those provisions of this section which related to the Tax Court were eliminated by Senate amendment. See 80th Congress Senate Report No. 1559.
Editorial Notes
Amendments1951–1992 · 6 rounds
1992
Pub. L. 102–572 substituted “United States Court of Federal Claims” for “United States Claims Court”.
1982
Pub. L. 97–164 substituted “the United States Claims Court” for “the Court of Claims, the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals”.
1980
Pub. L. 96–417 redesignated the Customs Court as the Court of International Trade.
1978
Pub. L. 95–598 directed the amendment of section by substituting “, district courts, and bankruptcy courts” for “and district courts”, which amendment did not become effective pursuant to section 402(b) of Pub. L. 95–598, as amended, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 11, Bankruptcy.
1958
Pub. L. 85–508 struck out provisions which included District Court for Territory of Alaska within definition of court. See section 81A of this title which establishes a United States District Court for the State of Alaska.
1951
Act , inserted reference to the District Court of Guam.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 1992 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 102–572 effective , see section 911 of Pub. L. 102–572, set out as a note under section 171 of this title.
Effective Date of 1982 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 97–164 effective , see section 402 of Pub. L. 97–164, set out as a note under section 171 of this title.
Effective Date of 1980 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 96–417 effective , and applicable with respect to civil actions pending on or commenced on or after such date, see section 701(a) of Pub. L. 96–417, set out as a note under section 251 of this title.
Effective Date of 1958 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 85–508 effective , on admission of Alaska into the Union pursuant to Proc. No. 3269, , 24 F.R. 81, 73 Stat. c16, as required by sections 1 and 8(c) of Pub. L. 85–508, see notes set out under section 81A of this title and preceding section 21 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
Termination of United States District Court for the District of the Canal Zone
For termination of the United States District Court for the District of the Canal Zone at end of the “transition period”, being the 30-month period beginning , and ending midnight , see Paragraph 5 of Article XI of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 and sections 2101 and 2201 to 2203 of Pub. L. 96–70, title II, , 93 Stat. 493, formerly classified to sections 3831 and 3841 to 3843, respectively, of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.
Credits
1948–1992 · 7 acts
- 1948June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 915
- 1951Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, § 44, 65 Stat. 725
- 1958Pub. L. 85–508, § 12(e), , 72 Stat. 348
- 1978Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 226, , 92 Stat. 2665
- 1980Pub. L. 96–417, title V, § 501(15), , 94 Stat. 1742
- 1982Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 120(a), , 96 Stat. 33
- 1992Pub. L. 102–572, title IX, § 902(b)(1), , 106 Stat. 4516.
Show as published
(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 915; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, § 44, 65 Stat. 725; Pub. L. 85–508, § 12(e), , 72 Stat. 348; Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 226, , 92 Stat. 2665; Pub. L. 96–417, title V, § 501(15), , 94 Stat. 1742; Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 120(a), , 96 Stat. 33; Pub. L. 102–572, title IX, § 902(b)(1), , 106 Stat. 4516.)