Skip to content

Title 29 — Labor

Chapter 7 — Labor-Management Relations

§ 157. Right of employees as to organization, collective bargaining, etc.

Statutory text

Employees shall have the right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection, and shall also have the right to refrain from any or all of such activities except to the extent that such right may be affected by an agreement requiring membership in a labor organization as a condition of employment as authorized in section 158(a)(3) of this title.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Pub. L. 74–372 § 7 · 49 Stat. 449

    Enacted · 29 U.S.C. § 157

    July 5, 1935, ch. 372, § 7, 49 Stat. 452

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    July 5, 1935, ch. 372, § 7, 49 Stat. 452

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 7. rights of employees Employees shall have the right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in concerted activities, for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection.

1 of 1 references resolved to an enrolled provision

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1947—Act , restated rights of employees to bargain collectively and inserted provision that they have right to refrain from joining in concerted activities with their fellow employees.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1947 Amendment

For effective date of amendment by act , see section 104 of act , set out as a note under section 151 of this title.

Credits

1935–1947 · 2 acts
  1. 1935July 5, 1935, ch. 372, § 7, 49 Stat. 452
  2. 1947June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title I, § 101, 61 Stat. 140.
Show as published

(July 5, 1935, ch. 372, § 7, 49 Stat. 452; June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title I, § 101, 61 Stat. 140.)

Parsed from the official OLRC USLM XML in data/usc_all/usc29.xml · release point 119-108 · OLRC build 2026-04-17

USLM identifier /us/usc/t29/s157