Title 33 — Navigation and Navigable Waters
Chapter 45 — Tsunami Warning and Education
§ 3202. Purposes
Statutory text
The purposes of this chapter are—
to improve tsunami detection, forecasting, warnings, research, notification, outreach, and mitigation to protect life and property in the United States;
to enhance and modernize the existing United States Tsunami Warning System to increase the accuracy of forecasts and warnings, to ensure full coverage of tsunami threats to the United States with a network of detection assets, and to reduce false alarms;
to improve and develop standards and guidelines for mapping, modeling, and assessment efforts to improve tsunami detection, forecasting, warnings, notification, mitigation, resiliency, response, outreach, and recovery;
to improve research efforts related to improving tsunami detection, forecasting, warnings, notification, mitigation, resiliency, response, outreach, and recovery;
to improve, increase, and develop uniform standards and guidelines for education and outreach activities and ensure that those receiving tsunami warnings and the at-risk public know what to do when a tsunami is approaching, including the warning signs of locally generated tsunami;
to provide technical and other assistance to speed international efforts to establish regional tsunami warning systems in vulnerable areas worldwide;
to foster resilient communities in the face of tsunami and other similar coastal hazards; and
to improve Federal, State, and international coordination for detection, warnings, and outreach for tsunami and other coastal impacts.
Legislative history
Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.
Tsunami Warning and Education Act
Pub. L. 109–424 § 3 · 120 Stat. 2902
Enacted · 33 U.S.C. § 3202
Pub. L. 109–424, § 3, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 2902
Source evidence
Code source credit
Pub. L. 109–424, § 3, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 2902Enacted provision · exact public law section
SEC. 3. PURPOSES. The purposes of this Act are— (1) to improve tsunami detection, forecasting, warnings, notification, outreach, and mitigation to protect life and property in the United States; (2) to enhance and modernize the existing Pacific Tsunami Warning System to increase coverage, reduce false alarms, and increase the accuracy of forecasts and warnings, and to expand detection and warning systems to include other vulnerable States and United States territories, including the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico areas; (3) to improve mapping, modeling, research, and assessment efforts to improve tsunami detection, forecasting, warnings, notification, outreach, mitigation, response, and recovery; (4) to improve and increase education and outreach activities and ensure that those receiving tsunami warnings and the at-risk public know what to do when a tsunami is approaching; (5) to provide technical and other assistance to speed international efforts to establish regional tsunami warning systems in vulnerable areas worldwide, including the Indian Ocean; and (6) to improve Federal, State, and international coordination for detection, warnings, and outreach for tsunami and other coastal impacts.Tsunami Warning, Education, and Research Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115–25 § 503(1) · 131 Stat. 91
Inserted · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(1)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(1), inserted “research,” after “warnings,”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (1). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(1), inserted “research,” after “warnings,”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) in paragraph (1), by inserting “research,” after “warnings,”;Tsunami Warning, Education, and Research Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115–25 § 503(2) · 131 Stat. 91
Amended · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(2)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(2), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “to enhance and modernize the existing Pacific Tsunami Warning System to increase coverage, reduce false alarms, and increase the accuracy of forecasts and warnings, and to expand detection and warning systems to include other vulnerable States and United States territories, including the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico areas;”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (2). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(2), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “to enhance and modernize the existing Pacific Tsunami Warning System to increase coverage, reduce false alarms, and increase the accuracy of forecasts and warnings, and to expand detection and warning systems to include other vulnerable States and United States territories, including the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico areas;”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(2) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows: “(2) to enhance and modernize the existing United States Tsunami Warning System to increase the accuracy of forecasts and warnings, to ensure full coverage of tsunami threats to the United States with a network of detection assets, and to reduce false alarms;” ;Tsunami Warning, Education, and Research Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115–25 § 503(3) · 131 Stat. 91
Amended · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(3)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(3), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: “to improve mapping, modeling, research, and assessment efforts to improve tsunami detection, forecasting, warnings, notification, outreach, mitigation, response, and recovery;”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (3). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(3), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: “to improve mapping, modeling, research, and assessment efforts to improve tsunami detection, forecasting, warnings, notification, outreach, mitigation, response, and recovery;”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(3) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows: “(3) to improve and develop standards and guidelines for mapping, modeling, and assessment efforts to improve tsunami detection, forecasting, warnings, notification, mitigation, resiliency, response, outreach, and recovery;” ;Tsunami Warning, Education, and Research Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115–25 § 503(5) · 131 Stat. 91
Redesignated · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(4)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(5), added par. (4). Former par. (4) redesignated (5)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (4). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(5), added par. (4). Former par. (4) redesignated (5).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(5) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following: “(4) to improve research efforts related to improving tsunami detection, forecasting, warnings, notification, mitigation, resiliency, response, outreach, and recovery;” ;Tsunami Warning, Education, and Research Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115–25 § 503(4) · 131 Stat. 91
Redesignated · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(5)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), (6), redesignated par. (4) as (5)
Substituted · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(5)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), (6), substituted “, increase, and develop uniform standards and guidelines for” for “and increase”
Redesignated · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(5)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), (6), inserted “, including the warning signs of locally generated tsunami” after “approaching”. Former par. (5) redesignated (6)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (5). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), (6), redesignated par. (4) as (5), substituted “, increase, and develop uniform standards and guidelines for” for “and increase”, and inserted “, including the warning signs of locally generated tsunami” after “approaching”. Former par. (5) redesignated (6).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(4) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), and (6) as paragraphs (5), (6), and (8), respectively;Tsunami Warning, Education, and Research Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115–25 § 503(4) · 131 Stat. 91
Redesignated · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(6)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), (7), redesignated par. (5) as (6)
Redesignated · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(6)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), (7), substituted semicolon at end for “, including the Indian Ocean; and”. Former par. (6) redesignated (8)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (6). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), (7), redesignated par. (5) as (6) and substituted semicolon at end for “, including the Indian Ocean; and”. Former par. (6) redesignated (8).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(4) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), and (6) as paragraphs (5), (6), and (8), respectively;Tsunami Warning, Education, and Research Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115–25 § 503(8) · 131 Stat. 91
Added · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(7)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(8), added par. (7)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (7). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(8), added par. (7).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(8) by inserting after paragraph (6), as redesignated, the following: “(7) to foster resilient communities in the face of tsunami and other similar coastal hazards; and” .Tsunami Warning, Education, and Research Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115–25 § 503(4) · 131 Stat. 91
Redesignated · 33 U.S.C. § 3202(8)
Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), redesignated par. (6) as (8)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (8). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), redesignated par. (6) as (8).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(4) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), and (6) as paragraphs (5), (6), and (8), respectively;
12 of 12 references resolved to an enrolled provision
Editorial Notes
Codification
Pub. L. 109–424 and title VIII of Pub. L. 109–479 enacted substantially identical sections. Pub. L. 109–424 was repealed by section 512(a) of Pub. L. 115–25.
Amendments
2017—Par. (1). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(1), inserted “research,” after “warnings,”.
Par. (2). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(2), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “to enhance and modernize the existing Pacific Tsunami Warning System to increase coverage, reduce false alarms, and increase the accuracy of forecasts and warnings, and to expand detection and warning systems to include other vulnerable States and United States territories, including the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico areas;”.
Par. (3). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(3), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: “to improve mapping, modeling, research, and assessment efforts to improve tsunami detection, forecasting, warnings, notification, outreach, mitigation, response, and recovery;”.
Par. (4). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(5), added par. (4). Former par. (4) redesignated (5).
Par. (5). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), (6), redesignated par. (4) as (5), substituted “, increase, and develop uniform standards and guidelines for” for “and increase”, and inserted “, including the warning signs of locally generated tsunami” after “approaching”. Former par. (5) redesignated (6).
Par. (6). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), (7), redesignated par. (5) as (6) and substituted semicolon at end for “, including the Indian Ocean; and”. Former par. (6) redesignated (8).
Par. (7). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(8), added par. (7).
Par. (8). Pub. L. 115–25, § 503(4), redesignated par. (6) as (8).
Credits
2006–2017 · 3 acts
- 2006Pub. L. 109–424, § 3, , 120 Stat. 2902
- 2007Pub. L. 109–479, title VIII, § 803, , 120 Stat. 3653
- 2017Pub. L. 115–25, title V, §§ 503, 512(a), , 131 Stat. 115, 128.
Show as published
(Pub. L. 109–424, § 3, , 120 Stat. 2902; Pub. L. 109–479, title VIII, § 803, , 120 Stat. 3653; Pub. L. 115–25, title V, §§ 503, 512(a), , 131 Stat. 115, 128.)