§ 11102. Purposes

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1974

   Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974

   Pub. L. 93–415 title I § 102 · [88 Stat. 1109]

   Enacted · 34 U.S.C. § 11102

   Pub. L. 93–415, title I, § 102, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1110

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Pub. L. 93–415, title I, § 102, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1110

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   Sec. 102. purpose (a) It is the purpose of this Act— (1) to provide for the thorough and prompt evaluation of all federally assisted juvenile delinquency programs; (2) to provide technical assistance to public and private agencies, institutions, and individuals in developing and implementing juvenile delinquency programs; (3) to establish training programs for persons, including professionals, paraprofessionals, and volunteers, who work with delinquents or potential delinquents or whose work or activities relate to juvenile delinquency programs; (4) to establish a centralized research effort on the problems of juvenile delinquency, including an information clearinghouse to disseminate the findings of such research and all data related to juvenile delinquency; (5) to develop and encourage the implementation of national standards for the administration of juvenile justice, including recommendations for administrative, budgetary, and legislative action at the Federal. State, and local level to facilitate the adoption of such standards; (6) to assist States and local communities with resources to develop and implement programs to keep students in elementary and secondary schools and to prevent unwarranted and arbitrary suspensions and expulsions; and (7) to establish a Federal assistance program to deal with the problems of runaway youth. (b) It is therefore the further declared policy of Congress to provide the necessary resources, leadership, and coordination (1) to develop and implement effective methods of preventing and reducing juvenile delinquency; (2) to develop and conduct effective programs to prevent delinquency, to divert juveniles from the traditional juvenile justice system and to provide critically needed alternatives to institutionalization; (3) to improve the quality of juvenile justice in the United States; and (4) to increase the capacity of State and local governments and public and private agencies to conduct effective juvenile justice and delinquency prevention and rehabilitation programs and to provide research, evaluation, and training services in the field of juvenile delinquency prevention.

2. 1980

   Juvenile Justice Amendments of 1980

   Pub. L. 96–509 § 4(a) · 94 Stat. 2750

   Added · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(8)

   Pub. L. 96–509, § 4(a), added par. (8)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 96–509, § 4(a), added par. (8).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) Section 102(a) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5602(a)) is amended— (1) in paragraph (6) thereof, by striking out “and” at the end thereof; (2) in paragraph (7) thereof, by striking out the period at the end thereof and inserting in lieu thereof “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end thereof the following new paragraph: “(8) to assist State and local governments in removing juveniles from jails and lockups for adults.”.

3. 1980

   Juvenile Justice Amendments of 1980

   Pub. L. 96–509 § 4(b) · 94 Stat. 2750

   Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(b)(1)

   Pub. L. 96–509, § 4(b), inserted reference to methods with a special focus on maintaining and strengthening the family unit so that juveniles may be retained in their homes

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 96–509, § 4(b), inserted reference to methods with a special focus on maintaining and strengthening the family unit so that juveniles may be retained in their homes.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (b) Section 102(b)(1) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5602(b)(1)) is amended by inserting before the semicolon at the end thereof the following: “, including methods with a special focus on maintaining and strengthening the family unit so that juveniles may be retained in their homes”.

4. 1984

   Pub. L. 98–473 § 612(1) · 98 Stat. 1837

   Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(1)

   Pub. L. 98–473, § 612(1), substituted “ongoing” for “prompt”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 98–473, § 612(1), substituted “ongoing” for “prompt”.

5. 1984

   Pub. L. 98–473 § 612(2) · 98 Stat. 1837

   Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(4)

   Pub. L. 98–473, § 612(2), substituted “the dissemination of” for “an information clearinghouse to disseminate”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 98–473, § 612(2), substituted “the dissemination of” for “an information clearinghouse to disseminate”.

6. 1984

   Pub. L. 98–473 § 612(3) · 98 Stat. 1837

   Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(7)

   Pub. L. 98–473, § 612(3), inserted “and homeless”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 98–473, § 612(3), inserted “and homeless”.

7. 1992

   Pub. L. 102–586 § 1(b)(1)(A) · 106 Stat. 4982

   Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(1)

   Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(1)(A), substituted “justice and delinquency prevention” for “delinquency”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(1)(A), substituted “justice and delinquency prevention” for “delinquency”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (A) in paragraph (1) by striking “delinquency” and inserting “justice and delinquency prevention”;

8. 1992

   Pub. L. 102–586 § 1(b)(1)(B) · 106 Stat. 4982

   Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(2)

   Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(1)(B), substituted “nonprofit juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs” for “agencies, institutions, and individuals in developing and implementing juvenile delinquency programs”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(1)(B), substituted “nonprofit juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs” for “agencies, institutions, and individuals in developing and implementing juvenile delinquency programs”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (B) in paragraph (2) by striking “agencies, institutions, and individuals in developing and implementing juvenile delinquency programs” and inserting “nonprofit juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs”;

9. 1992

   Pub. L. 102–586 § 1(b)(1)(C) · 106 Stat. 4982

   1. Added · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(8); 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(9)

      Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(1)(C)–(E), added par. (8)

   2. Redesignated · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(8); 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(9)

      Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(1)(C)–(E), redesignated former par. (8) as (9)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(8), (9). Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(1)(C)–(E), added par. (8) and redesignated former par. (8) as (9).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (C) by striking “and” at the end of paragraph (7);

10. 1992

    Pub. L. 102–586 § 1(b)(1)(F) · 106 Stat. 4982

    Added · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(10); 34 U.S.C. § 11102(a)(11)

    Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(1)(F), (G), added pars. (10) and (11)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(10), (11). Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(1)(F), (G), added pars. (10) and (11).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (F) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (9), as redesignated by subparagraph (D), and inserting a semicolon; and

11. 1992

    Pub. L. 102–586 § 1(b)(2)(A) · 106 Stat. 4982

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(b)(1)

    Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(2)(A), substituted “preserving and strengthening families” for “maintaining and strengthening the family unit”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(2)(A), substituted “preserving and strengthening families” for “maintaining and strengthening the family unit”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) by striking “maintaining and strengthening the family unit” and inserting “preserving and strengthening families”;

12. 1992

    Pub. L. 102–586 § 1(b)(2)(B) · 106 Stat. 4982

    Added · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(b)(5); 34 U.S.C. § 11102(b)(6)

    Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(2)(B), (C), added cls. (5) and (6)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(5), (6). Pub. L. 102–586, § 1(b)(2)(B), (C), added cls. (5) and (6).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) by striking “and (4)” and inserting “(4)”; and

13. 2002

    Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 2002

    Pub. L. 107–273 div. C title II § 12203 · 116 Stat. 1758

    Amended · 34 U.S.C. § 11102

    Pub. L. 107–273 amended heading and text generally. Prior to text, section read as follows:

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 107–273 amended heading and text generally. Prior to text, section read as follows:

    “(a) It is the purpose of this chapter— “(1) to provide for the thorough and ongoing evaluation of all federally assisted juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs; “(2) to provide technical assistance to public and private nonprofit juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs; “(3) to establish training programs for persons, including professionals, paraprofessionals, and volunteers, who work with delinquents or potential delinquents or whose work or activities relate to juvenile delinquency programs; “(4) to establish a centralized research effort on the problems of juvenile delinquency, including the dissemination of the findings of such research and all data related to juvenile delinquency; “(5) to develop and encourage the implementation of national standards for the administration of juvenile justice, including recommendations for administrative, budgetary, and legislative action at the Federal, State, and local level to facilitate the adoption of such standards; “(6) to assist States and local communities with resources to develop and implement programs to keep students in elementary and secondary schools and to prevent unwarranted and arbitrary suspensions and expulsions; “(7) to establish a Federal assistance program to deal with the problems of runaway and homeless youth; “(8) to strengthen families in which juvenile delinquency has been a problem; “(9) to assist State and local governments in removing juveniles from jails and lockups for adults; “(10) to assist State and local governments in improving the administration of justice and services for juveniles who enter the system; and “(11) to assist States and local communities to prevent youth from entering the justice system to begin with. “(b) It is therefore the further declared policy of Congress to provide the necessary resources, leadership, and coordination (1) to develop and implement effective methods of preventing and reducing juvenile delinquency, including methods with a special focus on preserving and strengthening families so that juveniles may be retained in their homes; (2) to develop and conduct effective programs to prevent delinquency, to divert juveniles from the traditional juvenile justice system and to provide critically needed alternatives to institutionalization; (3) to improve the quality of juvenile justice in the United States; (4) to increase the capacity of State and local governments and public and private agencies to conduct effective juvenile justice and delinquency prevention and rehabilitation programs and to provide research, evaluation, and training services in the field of juvenile delinquency prevention; (5) to encourage parental involvement in treatment and alternative disposition programs; and (6) to provide for coordination of services between State, local, and community-based agencies and to promote interagency cooperation in providing such services.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 12203. PURPOSE. Section 102 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5602) is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 102. “PURPOSES The purposes of this title and title II are— “(1) to support State and local programs that prevent juvenile involvement in delinquent behavior; “(2) to assist State and local governments in promoting public safety by encouraging accountability for acts of juvenile delinquency; and “(3) to assist State and local governments in addressing juvenile crime through the provision of technical assistance, research, training, evaluation, and the dissemination of information on effective programs for combating juvenile delinquency.”.

14. 2018

    Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–385 § 101(1) · 132 Stat. 5123

    Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(1)

    Pub. L. 115–385, § 101(1), inserted “, tribal,” after “State”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Par. (1). Pub. L. 115–385, § 101(1), inserted “, tribal,” after “State”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting “, tribal,” after “State”;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–385, § 3, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5123, provided that: “The amendments made by this Act [see Short Title of 2018 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall not apply with respect to funds appropriated for any fiscal year that begins before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 21, 2018].”

15. 2018

    Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–385 § 101(2) · 132 Stat. 5123

    1. Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(2)

       Pub. L. 115–385, § 101(2), inserted “, tribal,” after “State”

    2. Struck · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(2)

       Pub. L. 115–385, § 101(2), struck out “and” at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Par. (2). Pub. L. 115–385, § 101(2), inserted “, tribal,” after “State” and struck out “and” at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in paragraph (2)— (A) by inserting “, tribal,” after “State”; and (B) by striking “and” at the end;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–385, § 3, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5123, provided that: “The amendments made by this Act [see Short Title of 2018 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall not apply with respect to funds appropriated for any fiscal year that begins before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 21, 2018].”

16. 2018

    Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–385 § 101(3) · 132 Stat. 5123

    Amended · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(3)

    Pub. L. 115–385, § 101(3), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: “to assist State and local governments in addressing juvenile crime through the provision of technical assistance, research, training, evaluation, and the dissemination of information on effective programs for combating juvenile delinquency.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Par. (3). Pub. L. 115–385, § 101(3), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: “to assist State and local governments in addressing juvenile crime through the provision of technical assistance, research, training, evaluation, and the dissemination of information on effective programs for combating juvenile delinquency.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows: “(3) to assist State, tribal, and local governments in addressing juvenile crime through the provision of technical assistance, research, training, evaluation, and the dissemination of current and relevant information on effective and evidence-based programs and practices for combating juvenile delinquency; and” ; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–385, § 3, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5123, provided that: “The amendments made by this Act [see Short Title of 2018 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall not apply with respect to funds appropriated for any fiscal year that begins before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 21, 2018].”

17. 2018

    Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–385 § 101(4) · 132 Stat. 5123

    Added · 34 U.S.C. § 11102(4)

    Pub. L. 115–385, § 101(4), added par. (4)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Par. (4). Pub. L. 115–385, § 101(4), added par. (4).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) by adding at the end the following: “(4) to support a continuum of evidence-based or promising programs (including delinquency prevention, intervention, mental health, behavioral health and substance abuse treatment, family services, and services for children exposed to violence) that are trauma informed, reflect the science of adolescent development, and are designed to meet the needs of at-risk youth and youth who come into contact with the justice system.” .

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–385, § 3, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5123, provided that: “The amendments made by this Act [see Short Title of 2018 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall not apply with respect to funds appropriated for any fiscal year that begins before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 21, 2018].”

16 of 19 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 3 partial