Title 34 — Crime Control and Law Enforcement
Part F · Chapter 111 — Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
§ 11279. Definitions
Statutory text
In this subchapter:
Drug abuse education and prevention services
The term “drug abuse education and prevention services”—
means services to runaway and homeless youth to prevent or reduce the illicit use of drugs by such youth; and
may include—
individual, family, group, and peer counseling;
drop-in services;
assistance to runaway and homeless youth in rural areas (including the development of community support groups);
information and training relating to the illicit use of drugs by runaway and homeless youth, to individuals involved in providing services to such youth; and
activities to improve the availability of local drug abuse prevention services to runaway and homeless youth.
Home-based services
The term “home-based services”—
means services provided to youth and their families for the purpose of—
preventing such youth from running away, or otherwise becoming separated, from their families; and
assisting runaway youth to return to their families; and
includes services that are provided in the residences of families (to the extent practicable), including—
intensive individual and family counseling; and
training relating to life skills and parenting.
Homeless youth
The term “homeless”, used with respect to a youth, means an individual—
who is—
less than 21 years of age, or, in the case of a youth seeking shelter in a center under part A, less than 18 years of age, or is less than a higher maximum age if the State where the center is located has an applicable State or local law (including a regulation) that permits such higher maximum age in compliance with licensure requirements for child-and youth-serving 1 facilities; and
for the purposes of part B, not less than 16 years of age and either—
less than 22 years of age; or
not less than 22 years of age, as of the expiration of the maximum period of stay permitted under section 11222(a)(2) of this title if such individual commences such stay before reaching 22 years of age;
for whom it is not possible to live in a safe environment with a relative; and
who has no other safe alternative living arrangement.
Runaway youth
The term “runaway”, used with respect to a youth, means an individual who is less than 18 years of age and who absents himself or herself from home or a place of legal residence without the permission of a parent or legal guardian.
Street-based services
The term “street-based services”—
means services provided to runaway and homeless youth, and street youth, in areas where they congregate, designed to assist such youth in making healthy personal choices regarding where they live and how they behave; and
may include—
identification of and outreach to runaway and homeless youth, and street youth;
crisis intervention and counseling;
information and referral for housing;
information and referral for transitional living and health care services;
advocacy, education, and prevention services related to—
alcohol and drug abuse;
sexual exploitation;
sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); and
physical and sexual assault.
Street youth
The term “street youth” means an individual who—
is—
a runaway youth; or
indefinitely or intermittently a homeless youth; and
spends a significant amount of time on the street or in other areas that increase the risk to such youth for sexual abuse, sexual exploitation, prostitution, or drug abuse.
Transitional living youth project
The term “transitional living youth project” means a project that provides shelter and services designed to promote a transition to self-sufficient living and to prevent long-term dependency on social services.
Youth at risk of separation from the family
The term “youth at risk of separation from the family” means an individual—
who is less than 18 years of age; and
who has a history of running away from the family of such individual;
whose parent, guardian, or custodian is not willing to provide for the basic needs of such individual; or
who is at risk of entering the child welfare system or juvenile justice system as a result of the lack of services available to the family to meet such needs.
Footnotes
- 1 So in original.
Legislative history
Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974
Pub. L. 93–415 title III § 387 · [88 Stat. 1109]
Enacted · 34 U.S.C. § 11279
Pub. L. 93–415, title III, § 387, as added Pub. L. 106–71, § 3(p), Oct. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1041
Source evidence
Code source credit
Pub. L. 93–415, title III, § 387, as added Pub. L. 106–71, § 3(p), Oct. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1041Runaway, Homeless, and Missing Children Protection Act
Pub. L. 108–96 title I § 116 · 117 Stat. 1167
Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 11279(3)(A)(i)
Pub. L. 108–96 inserted “, or, in the case of a youth seeking shelter in a center under part A, not more than 18 years of age” after “of age”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (3)(A)(i). Pub. L. 108–96 inserted “, or, in the case of a youth seeking shelter in a center under part A, not more than 18 years of age” after “of age”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
SEC. 116. AGE LIMIT FOR HOMELESS YOUTH. Section 387(3)(A)(i) of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5732a(3)(A)(i)) is amended by inserting after “of age” the following: “, or, in the case of a youth seeking shelter in a center under part A, not more than 18 years of age”.Reconnecting Homeless Youth Act of 2008
Pub. L. 110–378 § 10(a)(1) · 122 Stat. 4068
Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 11279(3)
Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(1), substituted “The term ‘homeless’, used with respect to a youth, means” for “The term ‘homeless youth’ means” in introductory provisions
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (3). Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(1), substituted “The term ‘homeless’, used with respect to a youth, means” for “The term ‘homeless youth’ means” in introductory provisions.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking “The” and all that follows through “means” and inserting “The term ‘homeless’, used with respect to a youth, means”; andReconnecting Homeless Youth Act of 2008
Pub. L. 110–378 § 10(a)(2)(A) · 122 Stat. 4068
Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 11279(3)(A)(i)
Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(2)(A), substituted “less than” for “not more than” in two places
Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 11279(3)(A)(i)
Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(2)(A), inserted “, or is less than a higher maximum age if the State where the center is located has an applicable State or local law (including a regulation) that permits such higher maximum age in compliance with licensure requirements for child-and youth-serving facilities” after “18 years of age”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (3)(A)(i). Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(2)(A), substituted “less than” for “not more than” in two places and inserted “, or is less than a higher maximum age if the State where the center is located has an applicable State or local law (including a regulation) that permits such higher maximum age in compliance with licensure requirements for child-and youth-serving facilities” after “18 years of age”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(A) in clause (i)— (i) by striking “not more than” each place it appears and inserting “less than”; and (ii) by inserting after “age” the last place it appears the following: “, or is less than a higher maximum age if the State where the center is located has an applicable State or local law (including a regulation) that permits such higher maximum age in compliance with licensure requirements for child-and youth-serving facilities”; andReconnecting Homeless Youth Act of 2008
Pub. L. 110–378 § 10(a)(2)(B) · 122 Stat. 4068
Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 11279(3)(A)(ii)
Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(2)(B), substituted “age and either—” for “age;”
Added · 34 U.S.C. § 11279(3)(A)(ii)
Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(2)(B), added subcls. (I) and (II)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Par. (3)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(2)(B), substituted “age and either—” for “age;” and added subcls. (I) and (II).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(B) in clause (ii), by striking “age;” and inserting the following: “age and either— “(I) less than 22 years of age; or “(II) not less than 22 years of age, as of the expiration of the maximum period of stay permitted under section 322(a)(2) if such individual commences such stay before reaching 22 years of age;” .Reconnecting Homeless Youth Act of 2008
Pub. L. 110–378 § 10(b) · 122 Stat. 4068
Added · 34 U.S.C. § 11279(4)(8)
Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(b), added par. (4)
Redesignated · 34 U.S.C. § 11279(4)(8)
Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(b), redesignated former pars. (4) to (7) as (5) to (8), respectively
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pars. (4) to (8). Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(b), added par. (4) and redesignated former pars. (4) to (7) as (5) to (8), respectively.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(b) Runaway Youth.— Section 387 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5732a) is amended— (1) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), (6), and (7) as paragraphs (5), (6), (7), and (8), respectively; and (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following: “(4) Runaway youth.— The term ‘runaway’, used with respect to a youth, means an individual who is less than 18 years of age and who absents himself or herself from home or a place of legal residence without the permission of a parent or legal guardian.” .
8 of 9 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial
Editorial Notes
Codification
Section was formerly classified to section 5732a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
Amendments2003–2008 · 2 rounds
2008
Par. (3). Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(1), substituted “The term ‘homeless’, used with respect to a youth, means” for “The term ‘homeless youth’ means” in introductory provisions.
Par. (3)(A)(i). Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(2)(A), substituted “less than” for “not more than” in two places and inserted “, or is less than a higher maximum age if the State where the center is located has an applicable State or local law (including a regulation) that permits such higher maximum age in compliance with licensure requirements for child-and youth-serving facilities” after “18 years of age”.
Par. (3)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(a)(2)(B), substituted “age and either—” for “age;” and added subcls. (I) and (II).
Pars. (4) to (8). Pub. L. 110–378, § 10(b), added par. (4) and redesignated former pars. (4) to (7) as (5) to (8), respectively.
2003
Subsec. (3)(A)(i). Pub. L. 108–96 inserted “, or, in the case of a youth seeking shelter in a center under part A, not more than 18 years of age” after “of age”.
Credits
1999–2008 · 3 acts
- 1999Pub. L. 93–415, title III, § 387, as added Pub. L. 106–71, § 3(p), , 113 Stat. 1041
- 2003amended Pub. L. 108–96, title I, § 116, , 117 Stat. 1170
- 2008Pub. L. 110–378, § 10, , 122 Stat. 4072.
Show as published
(Pub. L. 93–415, title III, § 387, as added Pub. L. 106–71, § 3(p), , 113 Stat. 1041; amended Pub. L. 108–96, title I, § 116, , 117 Stat. 1170; Pub. L. 110–378, § 10, , 122 Stat. 4072.)