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Title 38 — Veterans’ Benefits

Part III · Chapter 35 — Survivors’ and Dependents’ Educational Assistance

§ 3532. Computation of educational assistance allowance

Statutory text

(a)
(1)

The educational assistance allowance on behalf of an eligible person who is pursuing a program of education consisting of institutional courses shall be paid at the monthly rate of $1,224 for full-time, $967 for three-quarter-time, or $710 for half-time pursuit.

(2)

The educational assistance allowance on behalf of an eligible person pursuing a program of education on less than a half-time basis shall be paid at the rate of the lesser of—

(A)

the established charges for tuition and fees that the educational institution involved requires similarly circumstanced nonveterans enrolled in the same program to pay; or

(B)

$1,224 per month for a full-time course.

(b)

The educational assistance allowance to be paid on behalf of an eligible person who is pursuing a full-time program of education which consists of institutional courses and alternate phases of training in a business or industrial establishment with the training in the business or industrial establishment being strictly supplemental to the institutional portion, shall be computed at the rate of $1,224 per month.

(c)
(1)

An eligible person who is enrolled in an educational institution for a “farm cooperative” program consisting of institutional agricultural courses prescheduled to fall within forty-four weeks of any period of twelve consecutive months and who pursues such program on—

(A)

a full-time basis (a minimum of ten clock hours per week or four hundred and forty clock hours in such year prescheduled to provide not less than eighty clock hours in any three-month period),

(B)

a three-quarter-time basis (a minimum of seven clock hours per week), or

(C)

a half-time basis (a minimum of five clock hours per week),

shall be eligible to receive an educational assistance allowance at the appropriate rate provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, if such eligible person is concurrently engaged in agricultural employment which is relevant to such institutional agricultural courses as determined under standards prescribed by the Secretary. In computing the foregoing clock hour requirements there shall be included the time involved in field trips and individual and group instruction sponsored and conducted by the educational institution through a duly authorized instructor of such institution in which the person is enrolled.

(2)

The monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid on behalf of an eligible person pursuing a farm cooperative program under this chapter shall be $636 for full-time, $477 for three-quarter-time, or $319 for half-time pursuit.

(d)

If a program of education is pursued by an eligible person at an institution located in the Republic of the Philippines, the educational assistance allowance computed for such person under this section shall be paid at the rate of $0.50 for each dollar.

(e)

In the case of an eligible person who is pursuing a program of education under this chapter while incarcerated in a Federal, State, local, or other penal institution or correctional facility for conviction of a felony, the educational assistance allowance shall be paid in the same manner prescribed in section 3482(g) of this title for incarcerated veterans, except that the references therein to the monthly educational assistance allowance prescribed for a veteran with no dependents shall be deemed to refer to the applicable allowance payable to an eligible person under corresponding provisions of this chapter or chapter 36 of this title, as determined by the Secretary.

(f)
(1)

Subject to paragraph (3), the amount of educational assistance payable under this chapter for a licensing or certification test described in section 3501(a)(5) of this title is the lesser of $2,000 or the fee charged for the test.

(2)

The number of months of entitlement charged in the case of any individual for such licensing or certification test is equal to the number (including any fraction) determined by dividing the total amount paid to such individual for such test by the full-time monthly institutional rate of the educational assistance allowance which, except for paragraph (1), such individual would otherwise be paid under this chapter.

(3)

In no event shall payment of educational assistance under this subsection for such a test exceed the amount of the individual’s available entitlement under this chapter.

(g)
(1)

Subject to paragraph (3), the amount of educational assistance payable under this chapter for a national test for admission or national test providing an opportunity for course credit at institutions of higher learning described in section 3501(a)(5) of this title or a covered preparatory course (as that term is defined in section 3315B(a) of this title) is the amount of the fee charged for the test.

(2)

The number of months of entitlement charged in the case of any individual for a test or covered preparatory course described in paragraph (1) is equal to the number (including any fraction) determined by dividing the total amount of educational assistance paid such individual for such test or covered preparatory course by the full-time monthly institutional rate of educational assistance, except for paragraph (1), such individual would otherwise be paid under this chapter.

(3)

In no event shall payment of educational assistance under this subsection for a test or covered preparatory course described in paragraph (1) exceed the amount of the individual’s available entitlement under this chapter.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Pub. L. 85–857 · 72 Stat. 1105

    Enacted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532

    Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1198, § 1732

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1198, § 1732

  2. Pub. L. 89–222 § 1(a) · 79 Stat. 896

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)

    Pub. L. 89–222, § 1(a), substituted “$130”, “$95”, and “$60” for “$110”, “$80”, and “$50”, respectively

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 89–222, § 1(a), substituted “$130”, “$95”, and “$60” for “$110”, “$80”, and “$50”, respectively.

  3. Pub. L. 89–222 § 1(b) · 79 Stat. 896

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 89–222, § 1(b), substituted “$105” for “$90”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 89–222, § 1(b), substituted “$105” for “$90”.

  4. Veterans Education and Training Amendments Act of 1970

    Pub. L. 91–219 § 104(a) · 84 Stat. 76

    1. Amended · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)

      Pub. L. 91–219, § 104(a), designated existing provision as par. (1)

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)

      Pub. L. 91–219, § 104(a), substituted “(A) $175” for “(1) $130” respectively, in par. (1) as so designated

    3. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)

      Pub. L. 91–219, § 104(a), substituted “(B) $128” for “(2) $95” respectively, in par. (1) as so designated

    4. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)

      Pub. L. 91–219, § 104(a), substituted “(C) $81” for “(3) $60” respectively, in par. (1) as so designated

    5. Added · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)

      Pub. L. 91–219, § 104(a), added par. (2)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 91–219, § 104(a), designated existing provision as par. (1), substituted “(A) $175” for “(1) $130”, “(B) $128” for “(2) $95”, and “(C) $81” for “(3) $60”, respectively, in par. (1) as so designated, and added par. (2).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Section 1732(a) of title 38, United States Code, is Allowance computation. 72 Stat. 1198; 79 Stat. 896. amended to read as follows: “(a) (1) The educational assistance allowance on behalf of an eligible person who is pursuing a program of education consisting of institutional courses shall be computed at the rate of (A) $175 per month if pursued on a full-time basis, (B) $128 per month if pursued on a three-quarter-time basis, and (C) $81 per month if pursued on a half-time basis. “(2) The educational assistance allowance on behalf of an eligible person pursuing a program of education on less than a half-time oasis shall be computed at the rate of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees which the institution requires other individuals enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $175 per month for a full-time course, whichever is the lesser.”

  5. Veterans Education and Training Amendments Act of 1970

    Pub. L. 91–219 § 104(b) · 84 Stat. 76

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 91–219, § 104(b), substituted “$141” for “$105”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 91–219, § 104(b), substituted “$141” for “$105”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Section 1732 (b) of such title is amended by striking out “$105” and inserting in lieu thereof “$141”.

  6. Veterans Education and Training Amendments Act of 1970

    Pub. L. 91–219 § 210 · 84 Stat. 76

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)

    Pub. L. 91–219, § 210, substituted provision that if a program of education is pursued by an eligible person at an institution located in the Republic of the Philippines, the educational assistance allowance computed for such person should be paid at a specified rate in Philippine pesos, for provision forbidding educational assistance allowance to a person who is pursuing an institutional course on a less than prescribed basis

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–219, § 210, substituted provision that if a program of education is pursued by an eligible person at an institution located in the Republic of the Philippines, the educational assistance allowance computed for such person should be paid at a specified rate in Philippine pesos, for provision forbidding educational assistance allowance to a person who is pursuing an institutional course on a less than prescribed basis.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 210. Section 1732(c) of title 38, United States Code, is amended Educational assistance allowance. to read as follows: “(c) If a program of education is pursued by an eligible person at an institution located in the Republic of the Philippines, the educational assistance allowance computed for such person under this section shall be paid at a rate in Philippine pesos equivalent to $0.50 for each dollar.”

  7. Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1972

    Pub. L. 92–540 title I § 103(1) · 86 Stat. 1074

    1. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 92–540 § 103(1), substituted “$220” for “$175” in cl. (C)

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 92–540 § 103(1), substituted “$165” for “$128” in cl. (C)

    3. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 92–540 § 103(1), substituted “$110” for “$81” in cl. (C)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 92–540 § 103(1), substituted “$220” for “$175” in cl. (A), “$165” for “$128” in cl. (B), and “$110” for “$81” in cl. (C).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by amending section 1732(a) (1) to read as follows: “(a) (1) The educational assistance allowance on behalf of an eligible person who is pursuing a program of education consisting of institutional courses shall be computed at the rate of (A) $220 per month if pursued on a full-time basis, (B) $165 per month if pursued on a three-quarter-time basis, and (C) $110 per month if pursued on a half-time basis.”;

  8. Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1972

    Pub. L. 92–540 § 103(2) · 86 Stat. 1074

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(2)

    Pub. L. 92–540, § 103(2), substituted “$220” for “$175”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 92–540, § 103(2), substituted “$220” for “$175”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) by deleting in section 1732(a) (2) “$175” and inserting in lieu thereof “$220”;

  9. Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1972

    Pub. L. 92–540 § 103(3) · 86 Stat. 1074

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 92–540, § 103(3), substituted “$177” for “$141”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 92–540, § 103(3), substituted “$177” for “$141”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) by deleting in section 1732(b) “$141” and inserting in lieu thereof “$177”; and

  10. Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974

    Pub. L. 93–508 § 103(1) · 88 Stat. 1578

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

    Pub. L. 93–508, § 103(1), substituted “prescribed in section 1682(a)(1) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of an institutional program by an eligible veteran with no dependents” for “of (A) $220 per month if pursued on a full-time basis, (B) $165 per month if pursued on a three-quarter-time basis, and (C) $110 per month if pursued on a half-time basis”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 93–508, § 103(1), substituted “prescribed in section 1682(a)(1) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of an institutional program by an eligible veteran with no dependents” for “of (A) $220 per month if pursued on a full-time basis, (B) $165 per month if pursued on a three-quarter-time basis, and (C) $110 per month if pursued on a half-time basis”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by amending section 1732(a) (1) to read as follows: “(a) (1) The educational assistance allowance on behalf of an eligible person who is pursuing a program of education consisting of institutional courses shall be computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(a) (1) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of an institutional program by an eligible veteran with no dependents.”;

  11. Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974

    Pub. L. 93–508 § 103(2) · 88 Stat. 1578

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(2)

    Pub. L. 93–508, § 103(2), substituted “prescribed in section 1682(b)(2) of this title for less-than-half-time pursuit of an institutional program by an eligible veteran” for “of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees which the institution requires other individuals enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $220 per month for a full-time course whichever is the lesser”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 93–508, § 103(2), substituted “prescribed in section 1682(b)(2) of this title for less-than-half-time pursuit of an institutional program by an eligible veteran” for “of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees which the institution requires other individuals enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $220 per month for a full-time course whichever is the lesser”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) by striking out in section 1732(a) (2) all after and including “of (A)” and inserting in lieu thereof “prescribed in section 1682(b) (2) of this title for less-than-half-time pursuit of an institutional program by an eligible veteran.”:

  12. Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974

    Pub. L. 93–508 § 103(3) · 88 Stat. 1578

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 93–508, § 103(3), substituted “$209” for “$177”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93–508, § 103(3), substituted “$209” for “$177”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) by striking out in section 1732(b) “$177” and inserting in lieu thereof “$209”; and

  13. Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974

    Pub. L. 93–508 § 208 · 88 Stat. 1578

    1. Added · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c); 38 U.S.C. § 3532(d)

      Pub. L. 93–508, § 208, added subsec. (c)

    2. Redesignated · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c); 38 U.S.C. § 3532(d)

      Pub. L. 93–508, § 208, redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 93–508, § 208, added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 208. Section 1732 of title 38. United States Code, is amended by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d) and by inserting after subsection (b) the following new subsection: “Farm cooperative” programs, assistance. “(c) (1) An eligible person who is enrolled in an educational institution for a ‘farm cooperative’ program consisting of institutional agricultural courses prescheduled to fall within forty-four weeks of any period of twelve consecutive months and who pursues such program on— “(A) a full-time basis (a minimum of ten clock hours per week or four hundred and forty clock hours in such year prescheduled to provide not less than eighty clock hours in any three-month period), “(B) a three-quarter-time basis (a minimum of seven clock hours per week), or “(C) a half-time basis (a minimum of five clock hours per week), shall be eligible to receive an educational assistance allowance at the appropriate rate provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, if such eligible person is concurrently engaged in agricultural employment which is relevant to such institutional agricultural courses as determined under standards prescribed by the Administrator. In computing the foregoing clock hour requirements there shall be included the time involved in field trips and individual and group instruction sponsored and conducted by the educational institution through a duly authorized instructor of such institution in which the person is enrolled. “(2) The monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid on behalf of an eligible person pursuing a farm cooperative program under this chapter shall be computed at the rate prescribed in section Ante, p. 1579. 1682(c) (2) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of a farm cooperative program by an eligible veteran with no dependents.”.

  14. Veterans’ Education and Rehabilitation Equalization Amendments Act of 1974

    Pub. L. 93–602 title II § 204(a) · 88 Stat. 1957

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 93–602 substituted “$217” for “$209”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93–602 substituted “$217” for “$209”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Ante, p. 1580.(a) by striking out, in section 1732(b) “$209” and inserting in lieu thereof “$217”; and

  15. Veterans’ Education and Employment Assistance Act of 1976

    Pub. L. 94–502 § 301(1) · 90 Stat. 2383

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 94–502, § 301(1), substituted “$235” for “$217”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–502, § 301(1), substituted “$235” for “$217”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by striking out in section 1732(b) “$217” and inserting in 38 USC 1732. lieu thereof “$235”; and

  16. Veterans’ Education and Employment Assistance Act of 1976

    Pub. L. 94–502 § 308 · 90 Stat. 2383

    Added · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(3)

    Pub. L. 94–502, § 308, added par. (3)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 94–502, § 308, added par. (3).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 308. Section 1732(c) of title 38, United States Code, is amended by adding a new paragraph (3) at the end thereof as follows: “(3) The, monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid on behalf of an eligible person pursuing an independent study program which leads to a standard college degree shall be computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(e) of this title.”.

  17. GI Bill Improvement Act of 1977

    Pub. L. 95–202 title I § 103(1) · 91 Stat. 1433

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 95–202 substituted “$251” for “$235”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95–202 substituted “$251” for “$235”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) striking out in section 1732(b) “$235” and inserting in lieu thereof “$251”; and

  18. Veterans’ Rehabilitation and Education Amendments of 1980

    Pub. L. 96–466 § 212(1) · 94 Stat. 2171

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 96–466, § 212(1), substituted “$276” for “$264”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–466, § 212(1), substituted “$276” for “$264”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) striking out “$264” in section 1732(b) and inserting in lieu thereof “$276”; and

  19. Veterans’ Rehabilitation and Education Amendments of 1980

    Pub. L. 96–466 § 202(1) · 94 Stat. 2171

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 96–466, § 202(1), substituted “$264” for “$251”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 96–466, § 202(1), substituted “$264” for “$251”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) striking out “$251” in section 1732(b) and inserting in lieu thereof “$264”; and

  20. Veterans’ Rehabilitation and Education Amendments of 1980

    Pub. L. 96–466 § 330 · 94 Stat. 2171

    Added · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(4)

    Pub. L. 96–466, § 330, added par. (4)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 96–466, § 330, added par. (4).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 330. computation of educational assistance allowance for pursuit of courses by open circuit television Section 1732(c) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: “(4) The monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid on behalf of an eligible person pursuing a course in part by open circuit television shall he computed in the same manner that such allowance Ante, p. 2194. is computed under section 1682(e) of this title for an independent study program.”.

  21. Veterans’ Rehabilitation and Education Amendments of 1980

    Pub. L. 96–466 § 602(b) · 94 Stat. 2171

    Added · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(e)

    Pub. L. 96–466, § 602(b), added subsec. (e)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–466, § 602(b), added subsec. (e).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Section 1732 is amended by adding at the end the following new 38 USC 1732. subsection: “(e) In the case of an eligible person who is pursuing a program of education under this chapter while incarcerated in a Federal, State, or local penal institution for conviction of a felony, the educational assistance allowance shall be paid in the same manner prescribed in section 1682(g) of this title for incarcerated 38 USC 1682. veterans.”.

  22. Pub. L. 98–304 · 98 Stat. 220

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 98–304 substituted “$304” for “$276”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–304 substituted “$304” for “$276”.

  23. Veterans Education and Employment Amendments of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–237 § 403(a)(1) · 103 Stat. 2062

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

    Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(1), substituted “paid at the monthly rate of $404 for full-time, $304 for three-quarter-time, or $202 for half-time pursuit.” for “computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(a)(1) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of an institutional program by an eligible veteran with no dependents.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(1), substituted “paid at the monthly rate of $404 for full-time, $304 for three-quarter-time, or $202 for half-time pursuit.” for “computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(a)(1) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of an institutional program by an eligible veteran with no dependents.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in section 1732(a)(1), by striking out “computed” and all that follows through the end of the paragraph and inserting in lieu thereof “paid at the monthly rate of $404 for full-time, $304 for three-quarter-time, or $202 for half-time pursuit.”;

  24. Veterans Education and Employment Amendments of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–237 § 403(a)(2) · 103 Stat. 2062

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(2)

    Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(2), substituted “paid at the rate of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees that the educational institution involved requires similarly circumstanced nonveterans enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $404 per month for a full-time course, whichever is the lesser.” for “computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(b)(2) of this title for less-than-half-time pursuit of an institutional program by an eligible veteran.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(2), substituted “paid at the rate of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees that the educational institution involved requires similarly circumstanced nonveterans enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $404 per month for a full-time course, whichever is the lesser.” for “computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(b)(2) of this title for less-than-half-time pursuit of an institutional program by an eligible veteran.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in section 1732(a)(2), by striking out “computed” and all that follows through the end of the paragraph and inserting in lieu thereof “paid at the rate of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees that the educational institution involved re-quires similarly circumstanced nonveterans enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $404 per month for a full-time course, whichever is the leaser.”;

  25. Veterans Education and Employment Amendments of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–237 § 403(a)(3) · 103 Stat. 2062

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(3), substituted “$327” for “$304”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(3), substituted “$327” for “$304”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) in section 1732(b), by striking out “$304” and inserting in lieu thereof “$327”;

  26. Veterans Education and Employment Amendments of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–237 § 423(b)(1)(A) · 103 Stat. 2062

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(1)

    Pub. L. 101–237, § 423(b)(1)(A), substituted “Secretary” for “Administrator”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 101–237, § 423(b)(1)(A), substituted “Secretary” for “Administrator”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) by striking out “Administrator” each place it appears (other than in section 1652(b)) and inserting in lieu thereof “Secretary”; and

  27. Veterans Education and Employment Amendments of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–237 § 403(a)(4) · 103 Stat. 2062

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

    Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(4), substituted “$327 for full-time, $245 for three-quarter-time, and $163 for half-time pursuit.” for “computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(c)(2) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of a farm cooperative program by an eligible veteran with no dependents.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(4), substituted “$327 for full-time, $245 for three-quarter-time, and $163 for half-time pursuit.” for “computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(c)(2) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of a farm cooperative program by an eligible veteran with no dependents.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) in section 1732(c)(2), by striking out “computed” and all that follows through the end of the paragraph and inserting in lieu thereof “$327 for full-time, $245 for three-quarter-time, and $163 for half-time pursuit.”;

  28. Veterans Education and Employment Amendments of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–237 § 403(a)(5) · 103 Stat. 2062

    Amended · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(3)

    Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(5), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: “The monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid on behalf of an eligible person pursuing an independent study program which leads to a standard college degree shall be computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(e) of this title.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(5), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: “The monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid on behalf of an eligible person pursuing an independent study program which leads to a standard college degree shall be computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(e) of this title.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (5) by amending section 1732(c)(3) to read as follows: “(3) The monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid on behalf of an eligible person pursuing an independent study program which leads to a standard college degree shall be computed at the rate provided in subsection (a)(2) of this section for less than half-time but more than quarter-time pursuit. If the entire training is to be pursued by independent study, the amount of the eligible person’s entitlement to educational assistance under this chapter shall be charged in accordance with the rate at which such person is pursuing the independent study program but at not more than the rate at which such entitlement is charged for pursuit of such program on less than a half-time basis. In any case in which independent study is combined with resident training, the educational assistance allowance shall be paid at the applicable institutional rate based on the total training time determined by adding the number of semester hours (or the equivalent thereof) of resident training to the number of semester hours (or the equivalent thereof) of independent study that do not exceed the number of semester hours (or the equivalent thereof) required for the less than half-time institutional rate, as determined by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, for resident training. An eligible person’s entitlement shall be charged for a combination of independent study and resident training on the basis of the applicable monthly training time rate as determined under section 1788 of this title.”;

  29. Veterans Education and Employment Amendments of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–237 § 403(a)(6) · 103 Stat. 2062

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(4)

    Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(6), substituted “paragraph (3) of this subsection” for “section 1682(e) of this title”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(6), substituted “paragraph (3) of this subsection” for “section 1682(e) of this title”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (6) in section 1732(c)(4), by striking out “section 1682(e) of this title” and inserting in lieu thereof “paragraph (3) of this subsection”;

  30. Veterans Education and Employment Amendments of 1989

    Pub. L. 101–237 § 403(a)(7) · 103 Stat. 2062

    Inserted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(e)

    Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(7), inserted before period at end “, except that the references therein to the monthly educational assistance allowance prescribed for a veteran with no dependents shall be deemed to refer to the applicable allowance payable to an eligible person under corresponding provisions of this chapter or chapter 36 of this title, as determined by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(7), inserted before period at end “, except that the references therein to the monthly educational assistance allowance prescribed for a veteran with no dependents shall be deemed to refer to the applicable allowance payable to an eligible person under corresponding provisions of this chapter or chapter 36 of this title, as determined by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (7) in section 1732(e), by inserting before the period the following: “, except that the references therein to the monthly educational assistance allowance prescribed for a veteran with no dependents shall be deemed to refer to the applicable allowance payable to an eligible person under corresponding provisions of this chapter or chapter 36 of this title, as determined by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs”;

  31. Pub. L. 102–16 § 10(a)(6) · 105 Stat. 48

    1. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(3)

      Pub. L. 102–16 substituted “Secretary” for “Secretary of Veterans Affairs”

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(e)

      Pub. L. 102–16 substituted “Secretary” for “Secretary of Veterans Affairs”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 102–16 substituted “Secretary” for “Secretary of Veterans Affairs”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (6) Sections 1732(c)(3), 1732(e), and 1733(a)(1) are amended by striking out “Secretary of Veterans Affairs” and inserting in lieu thereof “Secretary”.

  32. Pub. L. 102–83 § 5(a) · 105 Stat. 378

    Changed · 38 U.S.C. § 3532

    Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 1732 of this title as this section

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 1732 of this title as this section.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Redesignation of Sections to Conform to Chapter Numbers.— Each section contained in any of chapters 11 through 23 is redesignated by replacing the first digit of the section number with the number of the chapter containing that section. Each section contained in any of chapters 24 through 42 is redesignated so that the first two digits of the section number of that section are the same as the chapter number of the chapter containing that section.

  33. Pub. L. 102–83 § 5(c)(1) · 105 Stat. 378

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(3)

    Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(c)(1), substituted “3688” for “1788”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(c)(1), substituted “3688” for “1788”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) Each provision of title 38, United States Code, that contains a reference to a section redesignated by subsection (a) is amended so that the reference refers to the section as redesignated.

  34. Pub. L. 102–83 § 5(c)(1) · 105 Stat. 378

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(e)

    Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(c)(1), substituted “3482(g)” for “1682(g)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(c)(1), substituted “3482(g)” for “1682(g)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) Each provision of title 38, United States Code, that contains a reference to a section redesignated by subsection (a) is amended so that the reference refers to the section as redesignated.

  35. Veterans’ Benefits Act of 1992

    Pub. L. 102–568 title III § 316(b) · 106 Stat. 4320

    Struck · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(3); 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(4)

    Pub. L. 102–568 struck out pars. (3) and (4) which related to the monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid for persons pursuing an independent study program and for persons pursuing a course in part by open circuit television

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(3), (4). Pub. L. 102–568 struck out pars. (3) and (4) which related to the monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid for persons pursuing an independent study program and for persons pursuing a course in part by open circuit television.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Independent Study.— Section 3532(c) is amended by striking out paragraphs (3) and (4).

  36. Veterans’ Benefits Improvements Act of 1994

    Pub. L. 103–446 title V § 507(b) · 108 Stat. 4645

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(d)

    Pub. L. 103–446 substituted “the rate of” for “a rate in Philippine pesos equivalent to”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–446 substituted “the rate of” for “a rate in Philippine pesos equivalent to”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Survivors’ and Dependents’ Educational Assistance.— 38 USC 3532, 3565. Sections 3532(d) and 3565(b)(1) are amended by striking out “a rate in Philippine pesos equivalent to” and inserting in lieu thereof “the rate of”.

  37. Veterans’ Insurance Reform Act of 1996

    Pub. L. 104–275 title I § 105(c) · 110 Stat. 3322

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 104–275 substituted “$404” for “$327”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–275 substituted “$404” for “$327”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (c) Chapter 35.— Subsection (b) of section 3532 is amended by striking out “$327” and inserting in lieu thereof “$404”.

  38. Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century

    Pub. L. 105–178 § 8210(a)(1) · 112 Stat. 107

    1. Added · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(1), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9014(b)

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(1), as substituted “$485” for “$404”

    3. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(1), as substituted “$365” for “$304”

    4. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(1), as substituted “$242” for “$202”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(1), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9014(b), substituted “$485” for “$404”, “$365” for “$304”, and “$242” for “$202”.

  39. Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century

    Pub. L. 105–178 § 8210(a)(2) · 112 Stat. 107

    1. Added · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(2); 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(b)

      Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(2), (3), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9014(b)

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(2); 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(b)

      Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(2), (3), as substituted “$485” for “$404”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsecs. (a)(2), (b). Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(2), (3), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9014(b), substituted “$485” for “$404”.

  40. Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century

    Pub. L. 105–178 § 8210(a)(4) · 112 Stat. 107

    1. Added · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(4), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9014(b)

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(4), as substituted “$392” for “$327”

    3. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(4), as substituted “$294” for “$245”

    4. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(4), as substituted “$196” for “$163”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(4), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9014(b), substituted “$392” for “$327”, “$294” for “$245”, and “$196” for “$163”.

  41. Veterans Benefits and Health Care Improvement Act of 2000

    Pub. L. 106–419 § 111(a)(1) · 114 Stat. 1822

    1. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(1), substituted “$588” for “$485”

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(1), substituted “$441” for “$365”

    3. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(1), substituted “$294” for “$242”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(1), substituted “$588” for “$485”, “$441” for “$365”, and “$294” for “$242”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in subsection (a)(1)— (A) by striking “$485” and inserting “$588”; (B) by striking “$365” and inserting “$441”; and (C) by striking “$242” and inserting “$294”;

  42. Veterans Benefits and Health Care Improvement Act of 2000

    Pub. L. 106–419 § 111(a)(2) · 114 Stat. 1822

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(2)

    Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(2), substituted “$588” for “$485”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(2), substituted “$588” for “$485”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in subsection (a)(2), by striking “$485” and inserting “$588”;

  43. Veterans Benefits and Health Care Improvement Act of 2000

    Pub. L. 106–419 § 111(a)(3) · 114 Stat. 1822

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(3), substituted “$588” for “$485”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(3), substituted “$588” for “$485”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) in subsection (b), by striking “$485” and inserting “$588”; and

  44. Veterans Benefits and Health Care Improvement Act of 2000

    Pub. L. 106–419 § 111(a)(4) · 114 Stat. 1822

    1. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(4), substituted “$475” for “$392”

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(4), substituted “$356” for “$294”

    3. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(4), substituted “$238” for “$196”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(4), substituted “$475” for “$392”, “$356” for “$294”, and “$238” for “$196”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) in subsection (c)(2)— (A) by striking “$392” and inserting “$475”; (B) by striking “$294” and inserting “$356”; and (C) by striking “$196” and inserting “$238”.

  45. Veterans Benefits and Health Care Improvement Act of 2000

    Pub. L. 106–419 § 122(b)(4) · 114 Stat. 1822

    Added · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(f)

    Pub. L. 106–419, § 122(b)(4), added subsec. (f)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 106–419, § 122(b)(4), added subsec. (f).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) Chapter 35.— Section 3532 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(f) (1) Subject to paragraph (3), the amount of educational assistance payable under this chapter for a licensing or certification test described in section 3501(a)(5) of this title is the lesser of $2,000 or the fee charged for the test. “(2) The number of months of entitlement charged in the case of any individual for such licensing or certification test is equal to the number (including any fraction) determined by dividing the total amount paid to such individual for such test by the full time monthly institutional rate of the educational assistance allowance which, except for paragraph (1), such individual would otherwise be paid under this chapter. “(3) In no event shall payment of educational assistance under this subsection for such a test exceed the amount of the individual’s available entitlement under this chapter.”.

  46. Veterans Education and Benefits Expansion Act of 2001

    Pub. L. 107–103 § 102(a)(1) · 115 Stat. 976

    1. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(1), substituted “$670” for “$588”

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(1), substituted “$503” for “$441”

    3. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(1), substituted “$335” for “$294”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(1), substituted “$670” for “$588”, “$503” for “$441”, and “$335” for “$294”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in subsection (a)(1)— (A) by striking “$588” and inserting “$670”; (B) by striking “$441” and inserting “$503”; and (C) by striking “$294” and inserting “$335”;

  47. Veterans Education and Benefits Expansion Act of 2001

    Pub. L. 107–103 § 102(a)(2) · 115 Stat. 976

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(2)

    Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(2), substituted “$670” for “$588”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(2), substituted “$670” for “$588”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in subsection (a)(2), by striking “$588” and inserting “$670”;

  48. Veterans Education and Benefits Expansion Act of 2001

    Pub. L. 107–103 § 102(a)(3) · 115 Stat. 976

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(3), substituted “$670” for “$588”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(3), substituted “$670” for “$588”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) in subsection (b), by striking “$588” and inserting “$670”; and

  49. Veterans Education and Benefits Expansion Act of 2001

    Pub. L. 107–103 § 102(a)(4) · 115 Stat. 976

    1. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(4), substituted “$541” for “$475”

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(4), substituted “$406” for “$356”

    3. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(4), substituted “$271” for “$238”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(4), substituted “$541” for “$475”, “$406” for “$356”, and “$271” for “$238”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) in subsection (c)(2)— (A) by striking “$475” and inserting “$541”; (B) by striking “$356” and inserting “$406”; and (C) by striking “$238” and inserting “$271”.

  50. Veterans Benefits Act of 2003

    Pub. L. 108–183 § 302(a)(1)(A) · 117 Stat. 2651

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

    Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(1)(A), substituted “at the monthly rate of $788 for full-time, $592 for three-quarter-time, or $394 for half-time pursuit.” for “at the monthly rate of $670 for full-time, $503 for three-quarter-time, or $335 for half-time pursuit.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(1)(A), substituted “at the monthly rate of $788 for full-time, $592 for three-quarter-time, or $394 for half-time pursuit.” for “at the monthly rate of $670 for full-time, $503 for three-quarter-time, or $335 for half-time pursuit.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking “at the monthly rate of” and all that follows and inserting “at the monthly rate of $788 for full-time, $592 for three-quarter-time, or $394 for half-time pursuit.”; and

  51. Veterans Benefits Act of 2003

    Pub. L. 108–183 § 302(a)(1)(B) · 117 Stat. 2651

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(2)

    Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(1)(B), substituted “at the rate of the lesser of—” and subpars. (A) and (B) for “at the rate of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees that the educational institution involved requires similarly circumstanced nonveterans enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $670 per month for a full-time course, whichever is the lesser.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(1)(B), substituted “at the rate of the lesser of—” and subpars. (A) and (B) for “at the rate of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees that the educational institution involved requires similarly circumstanced nonveterans enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $670 per month for a full-time course, whichever is the lesser.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking “at the rate of” and all that follows and inserting “at the rate of the lesser of— “(A) the established charges for tuition and fees that the educational institution involved requires similarly circumstanced nonveterans enrolled in the same program to pay; or “(B) $788 per month for a full-time course.” ;

  52. Veterans Benefits Act of 2003

    Pub. L. 108–183 § 302(a)(2) · 117 Stat. 2651

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(2), substituted “$788” for “$670”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(2), substituted “$788” for “$670”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in subsection (b), by striking “$670” and inserting “$788”; and

  53. Veterans Benefits Act of 2003

    Pub. L. 108–183 § 302(a)(3) · 117 Stat. 2651

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(c)(2)

    Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(3), substituted “shall be $636 for full-time, $477 for three-quarter-time, or $319 for half-time pursuit.” for “shall be $541 for full-time, $406 for three-quarter-time, and $271 for half-time pursuit.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(3), substituted “shall be $636 for full-time, $477 for three-quarter-time, or $319 for half-time pursuit.” for “shall be $541 for full-time, $406 for three-quarter-time, and $271 for half-time pursuit.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) in subsection (c)(2), by striking “shall be” and all that follows and inserting “shall be $636 for full-time, $477 for three-quarter-time, or $319 for half-time pursuit.”.

  54. Veterans Earn and Learn Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–454 title I § 106(b)(3) · 118 Stat. 3598

    Added · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(g)

    Pub. L. 108–454 added subsec. (g)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 108–454 added subsec. (g).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) Chapter 35.— Section 3532 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(g) (1) Subject to paragraph (3), the amount of educational assistance payable under this chapter for a national test for admission or national test providing an opportunity for course credit at institutions of higher learning described in section 3501(a)(5) of this title is the amount of the fee charged for the test. “(2) The number of months of entitlement charged in the case of any individual for a test described in paragraph (1) is equal to the number (including any fraction) determined by dividing the total amount of educational assistance paid such individual for such test by the full-time monthly institutional rate of educational assistance, except for paragraph (1), such individual would otherwise be paid under this chapter. “(3) In no event shall payment of educational assistance under this subsection for a test described in paragraph (1) exceed the amount of the individual’s available entitlement under this chapter.” .

  55. Veterans Benefits, Health Care, and Information Technology Act of 2006

    Pub. L. 109–461 title X § 1002(e) · 120 Stat. 3403

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(e)

    Pub. L. 109–461 substituted “local, or other penal institution or correctional facility” for “or local penal institution”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109–461 substituted “local, or other penal institution or correctional facility” for “or local penal institution”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (e) Computation of Educational Assistance Allowance for Survivors and Dependents.— Section 3532(e) is amended by striking “or local penal institution” and inserting “local, or other penal institution or correctional facility”.

  56. Harry W. Colmery Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2017

    Pub. L. 115–48 § 203(a)(1)(A) · 131 Stat. 973

    1. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(1)(A), substituted “$1,224” for “$788”

    2. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(1)(A), substituted “$967” for “$592”

    3. Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(1)

      Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(1)(A), substituted “$710” for “$394”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(1)(A), substituted “$1,224” for “$788”, “$967” for “$592”, and “$710” for “$394”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in paragraph (1)— (i) by striking “$788” and inserting “$1,224”; (ii) by striking “$592” and inserting “$967”; and (iii) by striking “$394” and inserting “$710”; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–48, title II, § 203(b), Aug. 16, 2017, 131 Stat. 989, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to a month that begins on or after October 1, 2018.”

  57. Harry W. Colmery Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2017

    Pub. L. 115–48 § 203(a)(1)(B) · 131 Stat. 973

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(a)(2)(B)

    Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(1)(B), substituted “$1,224” for “$788”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(1)(B), substituted “$1,224” for “$788”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking “$788” and inserting “$1,224”; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–48, title II, § 203(b), Aug. 16, 2017, 131 Stat. 989, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to a month that begins on or after October 1, 2018.”

  58. Harry W. Colmery Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2017

    Pub. L. 115–48 § 203(a)(2) · 131 Stat. 973

    Substituted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(b)

    Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(2), substituted “$1,224” for “$788”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(2), substituted “$1,224” for “$788”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in subsection (b), by striking “$788” and inserting “$1,224”.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–48, title II, § 203(b), Aug. 16, 2017, 131 Stat. 989, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to a month that begins on or after October 1, 2018.”

  59. Ryan Kules and Paul Benne Specially Adaptive Housing Improvement Act of 2019

    Pub. L. 116–154 § 5(c)(1) · 134 Stat. 690

    Inserted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(g)(1)

    Pub. L. 116–154, § 5(c)(1), inserted “or a covered preparatory course (as that term is defined in section 3315B(a) of this title)” after “section 3501(a)(5) of this title”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 116–154, § 5(c)(1), inserted “or a covered preparatory course (as that term is defined in section 3315B(a) of this title)” after “section 3501(a)(5) of this title”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting “or a covered preparatory course (as that term is defined in section 3315B(a) of this title)” after “or national test providing an opportunity for course credit at institutions of higher learning described in section 3501(a)(5) of this title”; and

  60. Ryan Kules and Paul Benne Specially Adaptive Housing Improvement Act of 2019

    Pub. L. 116–154 § 5(c)(2) · 134 Stat. 690

    Inserted · 38 U.S.C. § 3532(g)(2); 38 U.S.C. § 3532(g)(3)

    Pub. L. 116–154, § 5(c)(2), inserted “or covered preparatory course” after “test” wherever appearing

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g)(2), (3). Pub. L. 116–154, § 5(c)(2), inserted “or covered preparatory course” after “test” wherever appearing.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in paragraphs (2) and (3), by inserting “or covered preparatory course” after “test” each place it appears.

71 of 85 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 14 partial

Editorial Notes

Amendments1965–2020 · 22 rounds

2020

Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 116–154, § 5(c)(1), inserted “or a covered preparatory course (as that term is defined in section 3315B(a) of this title)” after “section 3501(a)(5) of this title”.

Subsec. (g)(2), (3). Pub. L. 116–154, § 5(c)(2), inserted “or covered preparatory course” after “test” wherever appearing.

2017

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(1)(A), substituted “$1,224” for “$788”, “$967” for “$592”, and “$710” for “$394”.

Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(1)(B), substituted “$1,224” for “$788”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–48, § 203(a)(2), substituted “$1,224” for “$788”.

2006

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109–461 substituted “local, or other penal institution or correctional facility” for “or local penal institution”.

2004

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 108–454 added subsec. (g).

2003

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(1)(A), substituted “at the monthly rate of $788 for full-time, $592 for three-quarter-time, or $394 for half-time pursuit.” for “at the monthly rate of $670 for full-time, $503 for three-quarter-time, or $335 for half-time pursuit.”

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(1)(B), substituted “at the rate of the lesser of—” and subpars. (A) and (B) for “at the rate of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees that the educational institution involved requires similarly circumstanced nonveterans enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $670 per month for a full-time course, whichever is the lesser.”

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(2), substituted “$788” for “$670”.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 108–183, § 302(a)(3), substituted “shall be $636 for full-time, $477 for three-quarter-time, or $319 for half-time pursuit.” for “shall be $541 for full-time, $406 for three-quarter-time, and $271 for half-time pursuit.”

2001

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(1), substituted “$670” for “$588”, “$503” for “$441”, and “$335” for “$294”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(2), substituted “$670” for “$588”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(3), substituted “$670” for “$588”.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 107–103, § 102(a)(4), substituted “$541” for “$475”, “$406” for “$356”, and “$271” for “$238”.

2000

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(1), substituted “$588” for “$485”, “$441” for “$365”, and “$294” for “$242”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(2), substituted “$588” for “$485”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(3), substituted “$588” for “$485”.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 106–419, § 111(a)(4), substituted “$475” for “$392”, “$356” for “$294”, and “$238” for “$196”.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 106–419, § 122(b)(4), added subsec. (f).

1998

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(1), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9014(b), substituted “$485” for “$404”, “$365” for “$304”, and “$242” for “$202”.

Subsecs. (a)(2), (b). Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(2), (3), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9014(b), substituted “$485” for “$404”.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 105–178, § 8210(a)(4), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9014(b), substituted “$392” for “$327”, “$294” for “$245”, and “$196” for “$163”.

1996

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–275 substituted “$404” for “$327”.

1994

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103–446 substituted “the rate of” for “a rate in Philippine pesos equivalent to”.

1992

Subsec. (c)(3), (4). Pub. L. 102–568 struck out pars. (3) and (4) which related to the monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid for persons pursuing an independent study program and for persons pursuing a course in part by open circuit television.

1991

Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 1732 of this title as this section.

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(c)(1), substituted “3688” for “1788”.

Pub. L. 102–16 substituted “Secretary” for “Secretary of Veterans Affairs”.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(c)(1), substituted “3482(g)” for “1682(g)”.

Pub. L. 102–16 substituted “Secretary” for “Secretary of Veterans Affairs”.

1989

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(1), substituted “paid at the monthly rate of $404 for full-time, $304 for three-quarter-time, or $202 for half-time pursuit.” for “computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(a)(1) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of an institutional program by an eligible veteran with no dependents.”

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(2), substituted “paid at the rate of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees that the educational institution involved requires similarly circumstanced nonveterans enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $404 per month for a full-time course, whichever is the lesser.” for “computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(b)(2) of this title for less-than-half-time pursuit of an institutional program by an eligible veteran.”

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(3), substituted “$327” for “$304”.

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 101–237, § 423(b)(1)(A), substituted “Secretary” for “Administrator”.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(4), substituted “$327 for full-time, $245 for three-quarter-time, and $163 for half-time pursuit.” for “computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(c)(2) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of a farm cooperative program by an eligible veteran with no dependents.”

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(5), amended par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: “The monthly educational assistance allowance to be paid on behalf of an eligible person pursuing an independent study program which leads to a standard college degree shall be computed at the rate prescribed in section 1682(e) of this title.”

Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(6), substituted “paragraph (3) of this subsection” for “section 1682(e) of this title”.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101–237, § 403(a)(7), inserted before period at end “, except that the references therein to the monthly educational assistance allowance prescribed for a veteran with no dependents shall be deemed to refer to the applicable allowance payable to an eligible person under corresponding provisions of this chapter or chapter 36 of this title, as determined by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs”.

1984

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–304 substituted “$304” for “$276”.

1980

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–466, § 212(1), substituted “$276” for “$264”.

Pub. L. 96–466, § 202(1), substituted “$264” for “$251”.

Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 96–466, § 330, added par. (4).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–466, § 602(b), added subsec. (e).

1977

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95–202 substituted “$251” for “$235”.

1976

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–502, § 301(1), substituted “$235” for “$217”.

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 94–502, § 308, added par. (3).

1975

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93–602 substituted “$217” for “$209”.

1974

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 93–508, § 103(1), substituted “prescribed in section 1682(a)(1) of this title for full-time, three-quarter-time, or half-time pursuit, as appropriate, of an institutional program by an eligible veteran with no dependents” for “of (A) $220 per month if pursued on a full-time basis, (B) $165 per month if pursued on a three-quarter-time basis, and (C) $110 per month if pursued on a half-time basis”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 93–508, § 103(2), substituted “prescribed in section 1682(b)(2) of this title for less-than-half-time pursuit of an institutional program by an eligible veteran” for “of (A) the established charges for tuition and fees which the institution requires other individuals enrolled in the same program to pay, or (B) $220 per month for a full-time course whichever is the lesser”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93–508, § 103(3), substituted “$209” for “$177”.

Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 93–508, § 208, added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d).

1972

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 92–540 § 103(1), substituted “$220” for “$175” in cl. (A), “$165” for “$128” in cl. (B), and “$110” for “$81” in cl. (C).

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 92–540, § 103(2), substituted “$220” for “$175”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 92–540, § 103(3), substituted “$177” for “$141”.

1970

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 91–219, § 104(a), designated existing provision as par. (1), substituted “(A) $175” for “(1) $130”, “(B) $128” for “(2) $95”, and “(C) $81” for “(3) $60”, respectively, in par. (1) as so designated, and added par. (2).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 91–219, § 104(b), substituted “$141” for “$105”.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–219, § 210, substituted provision that if a program of education is pursued by an eligible person at an institution located in the Republic of the Philippines, the educational assistance allowance computed for such person should be paid at a specified rate in Philippine pesos, for provision forbidding educational assistance allowance to a person who is pursuing an institutional course on a less than prescribed basis.

1965

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 89–222, § 1(a), substituted “$130”, “$95”, and “$60” for “$110”, “$80”, and “$50”, respectively.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 89–222, § 1(b), substituted “$105” for “$90”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2017 Amendment

Pub. L. 115–48, title II, § 203(b), , 131 Stat. 989, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to a month that begins on or after .”

Effective Date of 2003 Amendment

Pub. L. 108–183, title III, § 302(e), , 117 Stat. 2659, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 3534, 3542, and 3687 of this title] shall take effect on , and shall apply with respect to educational assistance allowances payable under chapter 35 and section 3687(b)(2) of title 38, United States Code, for months beginning on or after that date.”

Effective Date of 2001 Amendment

Pub. L. 107–103, title I, § 102(e), , 115 Stat. 978, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 3534, 3542, and 3687 of this title] shall take effect as of , and shall apply with respect to educational assistance allowances payable under chapter 35 and section 3687(b)(2) of title 38, United States Code, for months beginning on or after that date.”

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Pub. L. 106–419, title I, § 111(e), , 114 Stat. 1830, provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) through (d) [amending this section and sections 3534, 3542, and 3687 of this title] shall take effect on , and shall apply with respect to educational assistance allowances paid under chapter 35 of title 38, United States Code, for months after October 2000.”

Amendment by section 122(b)(4) of Pub. L. 106–419 effective , and applicable with respect to licensing and certification tests approved by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs on or after such date, see section 122(d) of Pub. L. 106–419, set out as a note under section 3032 of this title.

Effective Date of 1998 Amendments

Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206, set out as a note under section 101 of Title 23, Highways.

Pub. L. 105–178, title VIII, § 8210(e), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, title IX, § 9014(b), , 112 Stat. 866, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 3534, 3542, and 3687 of this title] shall take effect on , and shall apply with respect to educational assistance allowances paid for months after September 1998.”

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–446 applicable with respect to payments made after , see section 507(c) of Pub. L. 103–446, set out as a note under section 107 of this title.

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Pub. L. 102–568, title III, § 316(c), , 106 Stat. 4334, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 3688 of this title] apply to enrollments in courses beginning on or after .”

Effective Date of 1989 Amendment

Pub. L. 101–237, title IV, § 403(c), , 103 Stat. 2080, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1733, 1734, 1742, and 1787 [now 3533, 3534, 3542, and 3687] of this title] shall take effect on .”

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 98–543 effective , see section 205 of Pub. L. 98–543, set out as a note under section 3108 of this title.

Effective Date of 1980 Amendment

Amendment by sections 202(1) and 212(1) of Pub. L. 96–466 effective , and , respectively, see section 802(b) of Pub. L. 96–466, set out as a note under section 3482 of this title.

Amendment by section 330 of Pub. L. 96–466 effective , except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 802(c) of Pub. L. 96–466, set out as a note under section 3452 of this title.

Amendment by section 602(b) of Pub. L. 96–466 effective , except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 802(f) of Pub. L. 96–466, set out as an Effective Date note under section 5314 of this title.

Effective Date of 1977 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–202 effective retroactively to , see section 501 of Pub. L. 95–202, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.

Effective Date of 1976 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 94–502 effective , see section 703(a) of Pub. L. 94–502, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3693 of this title.

Effective Date of 1975 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 93–602 effective , see section 206 of Pub. L. 93–602, set out as a note under section 3482 of this title.

Effective Date of 1974 Amendment

Amendment by section 103(1)–(3) of Pub. L. 93–508 effective , see section 501 of Pub. L. 93–508, set out as a note under section 3482 of this title.

Amendment by section 208 of Pub. L. 93–508 effective , see section 503 of Pub. L. 93–508, set out as a note under section 3452 of this title.

Effective Date of 1972 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 92–540 effective , except for those veterans and eligible persons in training on , see section 601(a) of Pub. L. 92–540, set out as a note under section 3482 of this title.

Effective Date of 1970 Amendment

Amendment by section 104(a), (b) of Pub. L. 91–219 effective , see section 301 of Pub. L. 91–219, set out as a note under section 3482 of this title.

Effective Date of 1965 Amendment

Pub. L. 89–222, § 4, , 79 Stat. 896, provided that: “The amendments made by the first and second sections of this Act [amending this section and section 1742 [now 3542] of this title] shall take effect on the first day of the second calendar month following the date of enactment of this Act [].”

Credits

1958–2020 · 24 acts
  1. 1958Pub. L. 85–857, , 72 Stat. 1198, § 1732
  2. 1965Pub. L. 89–222, § 1, , 79 Stat. 896
  3. 1970Pub. L. 91–219, title I, § 104(a), (b), title II, § 210, , 84 Stat. 77, 78, 83
  4. 1972Pub. L. 92–540, title I, § 103(1)–(3), , 86 Stat. 1075, 1076
  5. 1974Pub. L. 93–508, title I, § 103(1)–(3), title II, § 208, , 88 Stat. 1580, 1584
  6. 1975Pub. L. 93–602, title II, § 204(a), , 88 Stat. 1958
  7. 1976Pub. L. 94–502, title III, §§ 301(1), 308, , 90 Stat. 2389, 2390
  8. 1977Pub. L. 95–202, title I, § 103(1), , 91 Stat. 1434
  9. 1980Pub. L. 96–466, title II, §§ 202(1), 212(1), title III, § 330, title VI, § 602(b), , 94 Stat. 2188, 2190, 2198, 2209
  10. 1984Pub. L. 98–543, title II, § 203(1), , 98 Stat. 2742
  11. 1989Pub. L. 101–237, title IV, §§ 403(a)(1)–(7), 423(b)(1)(A), , 103 Stat. 2078, 2079, 2092
  12. 1991Pub. L. 102–16, § 10(a)(6), , 105 Stat. 56
  13. 1991renumbered § 3532 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), (c)(1), , 105 Stat. 406
  14. 1992Pub. L. 102–568, title III, § 316(b), , 106 Stat. 4334
  15. 1994Pub. L. 103–446, title V, § 507(b), , 108 Stat. 4664
  16. 1996Pub. L. 104–275, title I, § 105(c), , 110 Stat. 3327
  17. 1998Pub. L. 105–178, title VIII, § 8210(a), as added Pub. L. 105–206, title IX, § 9014(b), , 112 Stat. 866
  18. 2000Pub. L. 106–419, title I, §§ 111(a), 122(b)(4), , 114 Stat. 1830, 1834
  19. 2001Pub. L. 107–103, title I, § 102(a), , 115 Stat. 978
  20. 2003Pub. L. 108–183, title III, § 302(a), , 117 Stat. 2658
  21. 2004Pub. L. 108–454, title I, § 106(b)(3), , 118 Stat. 3603
  22. 2006Pub. L. 109–461, title X, § 1002(e), , 120 Stat. 3465
  23. 2017Pub. L. 115–48, title II, § 203(a), , 131 Stat. 989
  24. 2020Pub. L. 116–154, § 5(c), , 134 Stat. 692.
Show as published

(Pub. L. 85–857, , 72 Stat. 1198, § 1732; Pub. L. 89–222, § 1, , 79 Stat. 896; Pub. L. 91–219, title I, § 104(a), (b), title II, § 210, , 84 Stat. 77, 78, 83; Pub. L. 92–540, title I, § 103(1)–(3), , 86 Stat. 1075, 1076; Pub. L. 93–508, title I, § 103(1)–(3), title II, § 208, , 88 Stat. 1580, 1584; Pub. L. 93–602, title II, § 204(a), , 88 Stat. 1958; Pub. L. 94–502, title III, §§ 301(1), 308, , 90 Stat. 2389, 2390; Pub. L. 95–202, title I, § 103(1), , 91 Stat. 1434; Pub. L. 96–466, title II, §§ 202(1), 212(1), title III, § 330, title VI, § 602(b), , 94 Stat. 2188, 2190, 2198, 2209; Pub. L. 98–543, title II, § 203(1), , 98 Stat. 2742; Pub. L. 101–237, title IV, §§ 403(a)(1)–(7), 423(b)(1)(A), , 103 Stat. 2078, 2079, 2092; Pub. L. 102–16, § 10(a)(6), , 105 Stat. 56; renumbered § 3532 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), (c)(1), , 105 Stat. 406; Pub. L. 102–568, title III, § 316(b), , 106 Stat. 4334; Pub. L. 103–446, title V, § 507(b), , 108 Stat. 4664; Pub. L. 104–275, title I, § 105(c), , 110 Stat. 3327; Pub. L. 105–178, title VIII, § 8210(a), as added Pub. L. 105–206, title IX, § 9014(b), , 112 Stat. 866; Pub. L. 106–419, title I, §§ 111(a), 122(b)(4), , 114 Stat. 1830, 1834; Pub. L. 107–103, title I, § 102(a), , 115 Stat. 978; Pub. L. 108–183, title III, § 302(a), , 117 Stat. 2658; Pub. L. 108–454, title I, § 106(b)(3), , 118 Stat. 3603; Pub. L. 109–461, title X, § 1002(e), , 120 Stat. 3465; Pub. L. 115–48, title II, § 203(a), , 131 Stat. 989; Pub. L. 116–154, § 5(c), , 134 Stat. 692.)

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