§ 12003. National goals and multi-year funding for Federal alcohol from biomass and other technology programs

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1989

   Pub. L. 101–218 § 4 · 103 Stat. 1859

   Enacted · 42 U.S.C. § 12003

   Pub. L. 101–218, § 4, Dec. 11, 1989, 103 Stat. 1860

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Pub. L. 101–218, § 4, Dec. 11, 1989, 103 Stat. 1860

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   SEC. 4. NATIONAL GOALS AND MULTI-YEAR FUNDING FOR FEDERAL WIND. PHOTOVOLTAICS. AND SOLAR THERMAL PROGRAMS. (a) National Goals.— The following are declared to be the national goals for the wind, photovoltaics, and solar thermal energy programs being carried out by the Secretary: (1) Wind.— (A) In general, the goals for the Wind Energy Research Program include improving design methodologies and developing more reliable and efficient wind turbines to increase the cost competitiveness of wind energy. Research efforts shall emphasize— (i) activities that address near-term technical problems and assist private sector exploitation of market opportunities of the wind energy industry; (ii) developing technologies such as advanced airfoils and variable speed generators to increase wind turbine output and reduce maintenance costs by decreasing structural stress and fatigue; (iii) increasing the basic knowledge of aerodynamics, structural dynamics, fatigue, and electrical systems interactions as applied to wind energy technology; and (iv) improving the compatibility of electricity produced from wind farms with conventional utility needs. (B) Specific goals for the Wind Energy Research Program shall be to— (i) reduce average wind energy costs to 3 to 5 cents per kilowatt hour by 1995; (ii) reduce capital costs of new wind energy systems to $500 to $7 50 per kilowatt of installed capacity by 1995; (iii) reduce operation and maintenance costs for wind energy systems to less than one cent per kilowatt hour by 1995; and (iv) increase capacity factors for new wind energy systems to 25 to 35 percent by 1995, (2) Photovoltaics.— (A) In general, the goals of the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program shall include improving the reliability and conversion efficiencies of and lowering the costs of photovoltaic conversion. Research efforts shall emphasize advancements in the performance, stability, and durability of photovoltaic materials. (B) Specific goals of the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program shall be to— (i) improve operational reliability of photovoltaic modules to 30 years by 1995; (ii) increase photovoltaic conversion efficiencies by 20 percent by 1995; (iii) decrease new photovoltaic module direct manufacturing costs to $800 per kilowatt by 1995; and (iv) increase cost efficiency of photovoltaic power production to 10 cents per kilowatt hour by 1995. (3) Solar thermal.— (A) In general, the goal of the Solar Thermal Energy Systems Program shall be to advance research and development to a point where solar thermal technology is cost-competitive with conventional energy sources, and to promote the integration of this technology into the production of industrial process heat and the conventional utility network. Research and development shall emphasize development of a thermal storage technology to provide capacity for shifting power to periods of demand when full insolation is not available; improvement in receivers, energy conversion devices, and innovative concentrators using stretch membranes, lenses, and other materials; and exploration of advanced manufacturing techniques. (B) Specific goals of the Solar Thermal Energy Systems Program shall be to— (i) reduce solar thermal costs for industrial process heat to $9.00 per million Btu by 1995; and (ii) reduce average solar thermal costs for electricity to 4 to 5 cents per kilowatt hour by 1995. (4) Other technologies.— The Secretary shall submit to the Congress, as part of the first report submitted under section 9, recommendations for specific cost goals and other pertinent goals for 1995 for Department of Energy research, development, and demonstration programs in Biofuels Energy Systems, Hydrogen Energy Systems, Solar Buildings Energy Systems, Ocean Energy Systems, Geothermal Energy Systems, Low-Head Hydro, and Energy Storage Systems. (b) Amended Goals.— Whenever the Secretary determines that any of the goals established under this section is no longer appropriate, the Secretary shall notify Congress, as part of a report submitted under section 9, of the reason for the determination and provide an amended goal that is consistent with the purpose stated in section 2(b). (c) Authorizations.— There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for the following renewable energy research, development, and demonstration programs: the Wind Energy Research Program, the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program, the Solar Thermal Energy Systems Program, the Biofuels Energy Systems Program, the Hydrogen Energy Systems Program, the Solar Buildings Energy Systems Program, the Ocean Energy Systems Program, and the Geothermal Energy Systems Program— (1) not to exceed $113,000,000 for fiscal year 1991, of which— (A) not to exceed $39,000,000 shall be available for the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program; (B) not to exceed $19,000,000 shall be available for the Geothermal Energy Systems Program; and (C) not to exceed $4,000,000 shall be available for the Hydrogen Energy Systems Program; (2) not to exceed $121,000,000 for fiscal year 1992, of which— (A) not to exceed $40,000,000 shall be available for the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program; (B) not to exceed $20,500,000 shall be available for the Geothermal Energy Systems Program; and (C) not to exceed $5,000,000 shall be available for the Hydrogen Energy Systems Program; and (3) not to exceed $124,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, of which— (A) not to exceed $40,000,000 shall be available for the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program; (B) not to exceed $23,000,000 shall be available for the Geothermal Energy Systems Program; and (C) not to exceed $6,000,000 shall be available for the Hydrogen Energy Systems Program. Each of the President’s annual budget requests submitted to Congress after the date of enactment of this Act shall include as separate line items each of the categories of renewable energy programs described in this subsection.

2. 1992

   Energy Policy Act of 1992

   Pub. L. 102–486 § 1202(b)(1) · 106 Stat. 2776

   1. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(a)(4); 42 U.S.C. § 12003(a)(5)

      Pub. L. 102–486, § 1202(b)(1), added par. (4)

   2. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(a)(4); 42 U.S.C. § 12003(a)(5)

      Pub. L. 102–486, § 1202(b)(1), redesignated former par. (4) as (5)

   3. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(a)(4); 42 U.S.C. § 12003(a)(5)

      Pub. L. 102–486, § 1202(b)(1), inserted “Biodiesel Energy Systems,” after “Biofuels Energy Systems,”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(4), (5). Pub. L. 102–486, § 1202(b)(1), added par. (4), redesignated former par. (4) as (5), and inserted “Biodiesel Energy Systems,” after “Biofuels Energy Systems,”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5);

3. 1992

   Energy Policy Act of 1992

   Pub. L. 102–486 § 2125(1) · 106 Stat. 2776

   Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(c)(3)

   Pub. L. 102–486, § 2125(1)–(3), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “not to exceed $124,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, of which—

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 102–486, § 2125(1)–(3), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “not to exceed $124,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, of which—

   “(A) not to exceed $40,000,000 shall be available for the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program; “(B) not to exceed $23,000,000 shall be available for the Geothermal Energy Systems Program; and “(C) not to exceed $6,000,000 shall be available for the Hydrogen Energy Systems Program.”

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) in section 4(c)(1)(C), by inserting “and” after “Program;”; 42 USC 12003.

4. 2020

   Energy Act of 2020

   Pub. L. 116–260 § 3006(a)(1)(A) · 134 Stat. 1182

   Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 12003

   Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(A), substituted “alcohol from biomass and other technology” for “wind, photovoltaics, and solar thermal” in section catchline

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(A), substituted “alcohol from biomass and other technology” for “wind, photovoltaics, and solar thermal” in section catchline.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (A) in the section heading, by striking “wind, photovoltaics, and solar thermal” and inserting “alcohol from biomass and other technology”;

5. 2020

   Energy Act of 2020

   Pub. L. 116–260 § 3006(a)(1)(B)(ii) · 134 Stat. 1182

   1. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(a)

      Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(B)(ii)–(iv), redesignated pars. (4) and (5) as (1) and (2), respectively, in par. (2), as redesignated

   2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(a)

      Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(B)(ii)–(iv), substituted “Marine” for “Ocean”

   3. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(a)

      Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(B)(ii)–(iv), struck out former pars. (1) to (3) which related to national goals for wind energy, photovoltaic energy, and solar thermal energy programs, respectively

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(B)(ii)–(iv), redesignated pars. (4) and (5) as (1) and (2), respectively, in par. (2), as redesignated, substituted “Marine” for “Ocean”, and struck out former pars. (1) to (3) which related to national goals for wind energy, photovoltaic energy, and solar thermal energy programs, respectively.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (ii) by striking paragraphs (1) through (3);

6. 2020

   Energy Act of 2020

   Pub. L. 116–260 § 3006(a)(1)(B)(i) · 134 Stat. 1182

   Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(a)

   Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(B)(i), substituted “alcohol from biomass and other energy technology” for “wind, photovoltaics, and solar thermal energy” in introductory provisions

   Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(B)(i), substituted “alcohol from biomass and other energy technology” for “wind, photovoltaics, and solar thermal energy” in introductory provisions.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking “wind, photovoltaics, and solar thermal energy” and inserting “alcohol from biomass and other energy technology”;

7. 2020

   Energy Act of 2020

   Pub. L. 116–260 § 3006(a)(1)(C)(i) · 134 Stat. 1182

   1. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(c)

      Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(i), in introductory provisions, struck out “the Wind Energy Research Program, the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program, the Solar Thermal Energy Systems Program,” after “demonstration programs:”

   2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(c)

      Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(i), in introductory provisions, substituted “Marine” for “Ocean”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(i), in introductory provisions, struck out “the Wind Energy Research Program, the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program, the Solar Thermal Energy Systems Program,” after “demonstration programs:” and substituted “Marine” for “Ocean”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)— (I) by striking “the Wind Energy Research Program, the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program, the Solar Thermal Energy Systems Program,”; and (II) by striking “Ocean” and inserting “Marine”;

8. 2020

   Energy Act of 2020

   Pub. L. 116–260 § 3006(a)(1)(C)(ii) · 134 Stat. 1182

   1. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(c)(1)

      Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(ii), redesignated subpars. (B) and (C) as (A) and (B), respectively

   2. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(c)(1)

      Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(ii), struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: “not to exceed $39,000,000 shall be available for the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program;”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(ii), redesignated subpars. (B) and (C) as (A) and (B), respectively, and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: “not to exceed $39,000,000 shall be available for the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program;”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (ii) in paragraph (1)— (I) by striking subparagraph (A); and (II) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively; and

9. 2020

   Energy Act of 2020

   Pub. L. 116–260 § 3006(a)(1)(C)(iii) · 134 Stat. 1182

   1. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(iii), redesignated subpars. (B) and (C) as (A) and (B), respectively

   2. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 12003(c)(2)

      Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(iii), struck out form subpar. (A) which read as follows: “not to exceed $40,000,000 shall be available for the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program;”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 116–260, § 3006(a)(1)(C)(iii), redesignated subpars. (B) and (C) as (A) and (B), respectively, and struck out form subpar. (A) which read as follows: “not to exceed $40,000,000 shall be available for the Photovoltaic Energy Systems Program;”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (iii) in paragraph (2)— (I) by striking subparagraph (A); and (II) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively.

16 of 16 references resolved to an enrolled provision