§ 629a. Definitions

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1935

   Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993

   Pub. L. 103–66 title XIII § 13711(a)(2) · 107 Stat. 312

   Enacted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a

   Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IV, § 431, as added Pub. L. 103–66, title XIII, § 13711(a)(2), Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 650

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IV, § 431, as added Pub. L. 103–66, title XIII, § 13711(a)(2), Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 650

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (2) by adding at the end the following: “Subpart 2— Family Preservation and Support Services “SEC. 430. PURPOSES; LIMITATIONS ON AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS; RESERVATION OF CERTAIN AMOUNTS. “(a) Purposes; Limitations on Authorization of Appropriations.— For the purpose of encouraging and enabling each State to develop and establish, or expand, and to operate a program of family preservation services and community-based family support services, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary the amounts described in subsection (b) for the fiscal years specified in subsection (b). “(b) Description of Amounts.— The amount described in this subsection is— “(1) for fiscal year 1994, $60,000,000; “(2) for fiscal year 1995, $150,000,000; “(3) for fiscal year 1996, $225,000,000; “(4) for fiscal year 1997, $240,000,000: or “(5) for fiscal year 1998, the greater of— “(A) $255,000,000; or “(B) the amount described in this subsection for fiscal year 1997, increased by the inflation percentage applicable to fiscal year 1998. “(c) Inflation Percentage.— For purposes of subsection (b)(5)(B) of this section, the inflation percentage applicable to any fiscal year is the percentage (if any) by which— “(1) the average of the Consumer Price Index (as defined in section 1(f)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) for the 12-month period ending on December 31 of the immediately preceding fiscal year; exceeds “(2) the average of the Consumer Price Index (as so defined) for the 12-month period ending on December 31 of the 2nd preceding fiscal year. “(d) Reservation of Certain Amounts.— “(1) Evaluation, research, training, and technical assistance.— The Secretary shall reserve $2,000,000 of the amount described in subsection (b) for fiscal year 1994, and $6,000,000 of the amounts so described for each of fiscal years 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998, for expenditure by the Secretary— “(A) for research, training, and technical assistance related to the program under this subpart; and “(B) for evaluation of State programs funded under this subpart and any other Federal, State, or local program, regardless of whether federally assisted, that is designed to achieve the same purposes as the program under this subpart. “(2) State court assessments.— The Secretary shall reserve $5,000,000 of the amount described in subsection (b) for fiscal year 1995, and $10,000,000 of the amounts so described for each of fiscal years 1996, 1997, and 1998, for grants under section 13712 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993. “(3) Indian tribes.— The Secretary shall reserve 1 percent of the amounts described in subsection (b) for each fiscal year, for allotment to Indian tribes in accordance with section 433(a). “SEC. 431. DEFINITIONS. “(a) In General.— As used in this subpart: “(1) Family preservation services.— The term “family preservation services’ means services for children and families designed to help families (including adoptive and extended families) at risk or in crisis, including— “(A) service programs designed to help children— “(i) where appropriate, return to families from which they have been removed; or “(ii) be placed for adoption, with a legal guardian, or, if adoption or legal guardianship is determined not to be appropriate for a child, in some other planned, permanent living arrangement; “(B) preplacement preventive services programs, such as intensive family preservation programs, designed to help children at risk of foster care placement remain with their families; “(C) service programs designed to provide followup care to families to whom a child has been returned after a foster care placement; “(D) respite care of children to provide temporary relief for parents and other caregivers (including foster parents); and “(E) services designed to improve parenting skills (by reinforcing parents’ confidence in their strengths, and helping them to identify where improvement is needed and to obtain assistance in improving those skills) with respect to matters such as child development, family budgeting, coping with stress, health, and nutrition. “(2) Family support services.— The term “family support services’ means community-based services to promote the well-being of children and families designed to increase the strength and stability of families (including adoptive, foster, and extended families), to increase parents’ confidence and competence in their parenting abilities, to afford children a stable and supportive family environment, and otherwise to enhance child development. “(3) State agency.— The term ‘State agency’ means the State agency responsible for administering the program under subpart 1. “(4) State.— The term ‘State’ includes an Indian tribe or tribal organization, in addition to the meaning given such term for purposes of subpart 1. “(5) Tribal organization.— The term “tribal organization’ means the recognized governing body of any Indian tribe. “(6) Indian tribe.— The term Indian tribe’ means any Indian tribe (as defined in section 482(i)(5)) and any Alaska Native organization (as defined in section 482(i)(7)(A)). “(b) Other Terms.— For other definitions of other terms used in this subpart, see section 475. “SEC. 432. STATE PLANS. “(a) Plan Requirements.— A State plan meets the requirements of this subsection if the plan— “(1) provides that the State agency shall administer, or supervise the administration of, the State program under this subpart; “(2) (A) (i) sets forth the goals intended to be accomplished under the plan by the end of the 5th fiscal year in which the plan is in operation in the State, and (ii) is updated periodically to set forth the goals intended to be accomplished under the plan by the end of each 5th fiscal year thereafter; “(B) describes the methods to be used in measuring progress toward accomplishment of the goals; “(C) contains assurances that the State— “(i) after the end of each of the 1st 4 fiscal years covered by a set of goals, will perform an interim review of progress toward accomplishment of the goals, and on the basis of the interim review will revise the statement of goals in the plan, if necessary, to reflect changed circumstances; and “(ii) after the end of the last fiscal year covered by a set of goals, will perform a final review of progress toward accomplishment of the goals, and on the basis of the final review (I) will prepare, transmit to the Secretary, and make available to the public a final report on progress toward accomplishment of the goals, and (II) will develop (in consultation with the entities required to be consulted pursuant to subsection (b)) and add to the plan a statement of the goals intended to be accomplished by the end of the 5th succeeding fiscal year; “(3) provides for coordination, to the extent feasible and appropriate, of the provision of services under the plan and the provision of services or benefits under other Federal or federally assisted programs serving the same populations; “(4) contains assurances that not more than 10 percent of expenditures under the plan for any fiscal year with respect to which the State is eligible for payment under section 434 for the fiscal year shall be for administrative costs, and that the remaining expenditures shall be for programs of family preservation services and community-based family support services with significant portions of such expenditures for each such program; “(5) contains assurances that the State will— “(A) annually prepare, furnish to the Secretary, and make available to the public a description (including separate descriptions with respect to family preservation services and community-based family support services) of— “(i) the service programs to be made available under the plan in the immediately succeeding fiscal year; “(ii) the populations which the programs will serve; and “(iii) the geographic areas in the State in which the services will be available; and “(B) perform the activities described in subparagraph (A)— “(i) in the case of the 1st fiscal year under the plan, at the time the State submits its initial plan; and “(ii) in the case of each succeeding fiscal year, by the end of the 3rd quarter of the immediately preceding fiscal year; “(6) provides for such methods of administration as the Secretary finds to be necessary for the proper and efficient operation of the plan; “(7) (A) contains assurances that Federal funds provided to the State under this subpart will not be used to supplant Federal or non-Federal funds for existing services and activities which promote the purposes of this subpart; and “(B) Reports. provides that the State will furnish reports to the Secretary, at such times, in such format, and containing such information as the Secretary may require, that demonstrate the State’s compliance with the prohibition contained in subparagraph (A); and “(8) Reports. provides that the State agency will furnish such reports, containing such information, and participate in such evaluations, as the Secretary may require. “(b) Approval of Plans.— “(1) In general.— The Secretary shall approve a plan that meets the requirements of subsection (a) only if the plan was developed jointly by the Secretary and the State, after consultation by the State agency with appropriate public and nonprofit private agencies and community-based organizations with experience in administering programs of services for children and families (including family preservation and family support services). “(2) Plans of Indian tribes.— “(A) Exemption from inappropriate requirements.— The Secretary may exempt a plan submitted by an Indian tribe from any requirement of this section that the Secretary determines would be inappropriate to apply to the Indian tribe, taking into account the resources, needs, and other circumstances of the Indian tribe. “(B) Special rule.— Notwithstanding subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, the Secretary may not approve a plan of an Indian tribe under this subpart to which (but for this subparagraph) an allotment of less than $10,000 would be made under section 433(a) if allotments were made under section 433(a) to all Indian tribes with plans approved under this subpart with the same or larger numbers of children. “SEC. 433. ALLOTMENTS TO STATES. “(a) Indian Tribes.— From the amount reserved pursuant to section 430(d)(3) for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each Indian tribe with a plan approved under this subpart an amount that bears the same ratio to such reserved amount as the number of children in the Indian tribe bears to the total number of children in all Indian tribes with State plans so approved, as determined by the Secretary on the basis of the most current and reliable information available to the Secretary. “(b) Territories.— From the amount described in section 430(b) for any fiscal year that remains after applying section 430(d) for the fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each of the jurisdictions of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, and American Samoa an amount determined in the same manner as the allotment to each of such jurisdictions is determined under section 421. “(c) Other States.— “(1) In general.— From the amount described in section 430(b) for any fiscal year that remains after applying section 430(d) and subsection (b) of this section for the fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each State (other than an Indian tribe) which is not specified in subsection (b) of this section an amount equal to such remaining amount multiplied by the food stamp percentage of the State for the fiscal year. “(2) Food stamp percentage defined.— “(A) In general.— As used in paragraph (1) of this subsection, the term food stamp percentage’ means, with respect to a State and a fiscal year, the average monthly number of children receiving food stamp benefits in the State for months in the 3 fiscal years referred to in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, as determined from sample surveys made under section 16(c) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977, expressed as a percentage of the average monthly number of children receiving food stamp benefits in the States described in such paragraph (1) for months in such 3 fiscal years, as so determined. “(B) Fiscal years used in calculation.— For purposes of the calculation pursuant to subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall use data for the 3 most recent fiscal years, preceding the fiscal year for which the State’s allotment is calculated under this subsection, for which such data are available to the Secretary. “SEC. 434. PAYMENTS TO STATES. “(a) Entitlement.— “(1) General rule.— Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, each State which has a plan approved under this subpart shall be entitled to payment of the lesser of— “(A) 75 percent of the total expenditures by the State for activities under the plan during the fiscal year or the immediately succeeding fiscal year; or “(B) the allotment of the State under section 433 for the fiscal year. “(2) Special rule.— Upon submission by a State to the Secretary during fiscal year 1994 of an application in such form and containing such information as the Secretary may require (including, if the State is seeking payment of an amount pursuant to subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, a description of the services to be provided with the amount), the State shall be entitled to payment of an amount equal to the sum of— “(A) such amount, not exceeding $1,000,000, from the allotment of the State under section 433 for fiscal year 1994, as the State may require to develop and submit a plan for approval under section 432; and “(B) an amount equal to the lesser of— “(i) 75 percent of the expenditures by the State for services to children and families in accordance with the application and the expenditure rules of section 432(a)(4); or “(ii) the allotment of the State under section 433 for fiscal year 1994, reduced by any amount paid to the State pursuant to subparagraph (A) of this paragraph. “(b) Prohibitions.— “(1) No use of other federal funds for state match.— Each State receiving an amount paid under paragraph (1) or (2)(B) of subsection (a) may not expend any Federal funds to meet the costs of services described in this subpart not covered by the amount so paid. “(2) Availability of funds.— A State may not expend any amount paid under subsection (a)(1) for any fiscal year after the end of the immediately succeeding fiscal year. “(c) Direct Payments to Tribal Organizations of Indian Tribes.— The Secretary shall pay any amount to which an Indian tribe is entitled under this section directly to the tribal organization of the Indian tribe. “SEC. 435. EVALUATIONS. “(a) Evaluations.— “(1) In general.— The Secretary shall evaluate the effectiveness of the programs carried out pursuant to this subpart in accomplishing the purposes of this subpart, and may evaluate any other Federal, State, or local program, regardless of whether federally assisted, that is designed to achieve the same purposes as the program under this subpart, in accordance with criteria established in accordance with paragraph (2). “(2) Criteria to be used.— In developing the criteria to be used in evaluations under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall consult with appropriate parties, such as— “(A) State agencies administering programs under this part and part E; “(B) persons administering child and family services programs (including family preservation and family support programs) for private, nonprofit organizations with an interest in child welfare; and “(C) other persons with recognized expertise in the evaluation of child and family services programs (including family preservation and family support programs) or other related programs. “(b) Coordination of Evaluations.— The Secretary shall develop procedures to coordinate evaluations under this section, to the extent feasible, with evaluations by the States of the effectiveness of programs under this subpart.”.

2. 1997

   Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997

   Pub. L. 105–89 § 305(c)(2)(A)(i) · 111 Stat. 2115

   Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(1)(A)

   Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(c)(2)(A)(i), inserted “safe and” before “appropriate” in cls. (i) and (ii)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(c)(2)(A)(i), inserted “safe and” before “appropriate” in cls. (i) and (ii).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting “safe and” before “appropriate” each place it appears; and

3. 1997

   Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997

   Pub. L. 105–89 § 305(c)(2)(A)(ii) · 111 Stat. 2115

   Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(1)(B)

   Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(c)(2)(A)(ii), inserted “safely” after “remain”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(c)(2)(A)(ii), inserted “safely” after “remain”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting “safely” after “remain”; and

4. 1997

   Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997

   Pub. L. 105–89 § 305(c)(2)(B) · 111 Stat. 2115

   1. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(2)

      Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(c)(2)(B), inserted “safety and” before “well-being of children”

   2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(2)

      Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(c)(2)(B), substituted “safe, stable, and supportive family” for “stable and supportive family”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(c)(2)(B), inserted “safety and” before “well-being of children” and substituted “safe, stable, and supportive family” for “stable and supportive family”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (B) in paragraph (2)— (i) by inserting “safety and” before “well-being”; and (ii) by striking “stable” and inserting “safe, stable,”.

5. 1997

   Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997

   Pub. L. 105–89 § 305(b)(2) · 111 Stat. 2115

   Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(7); 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(8)

   Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(b)(2), added pars. (7) and (8)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(7), (8). Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(b)(2), added pars. (7) and (8).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (2) Definitions of time-limited family reunification SERVICES AND ADOPTION PROMOTION AND SUPPORT SERVICES.— Section 431(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 629a(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(7) Time-limited family reunification services.— “(A) In general.— The term ‘time-limited family reunification services’ means the services and activities described in subparagraph (B) that are provided to a child that is removed from the child’s home and placed in a foster family home or a child care institution and to the parents or primary caregiver of such a child, in order to facilitate the reunification of the child safely and appropriately within a timely fashion, but only during the 15-month period that begins on the date that the child, pursuant to section 475(5)(F), is considered to have entered foster care. “(B) Services and activities described.— The services and activities described in this subparagraph are the following: “(i) Individual, group, and family counseling. “(ii) Inpatient, residential, or outpatient substance abuse treatment services. “(iii) Mental health services. “(iv) Assistance to address domestic violence. “(v) Services designed to provide temporary child care and therapeutic services for families, including crisis nurseries. “(vi) Transportation to or from any of the services and activities described in this subparagraph. “(8) Adoption promotion and support services.— The term ‘adoption promotion and support services’ means services and activities designed to encourage more adoptions out of the foster care system, when adoptions promote the best interests of children, including such activities as pre- and post-adoptive services and activities designed to expedite the adoption process and support adoptive families.”.

6. 1997

   Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997

   Pub. L. 105–89 § 305(d)(1) · 111 Stat. 2115

   Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(9)

   Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(d)(1), added par. (9)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 105–89, § 305(d)(1), added par. (9).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) Definition of non-federal funds.— Section 431(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 629a(a)), as amended by subsection (b)(2), is amended by adding at the end the following: “(9) Non-federal funds.— The term ‘non-Federal funds’ means State funds, or at the option of a State, State and local funds.”.

7. 1999

   Pub. L. 106–169 title IV § 401(e) · 113 Stat. 1822

   Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(6)

   Pub. L. 106–169 inserted “, as in effect before August 22, 1986” after “682(i)(5) of this title” and “, as so in effect” after “682(i)(7)(A) of this title”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 106–169 inserted “, as in effect before August 22, 1986” after “682(i)(5) of this title” and “, as so in effect” after “682(i)(7)(A) of this title”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (e) Section 431(a)(6) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 629a(a)(6))) is amended— (1) by inserting “, as in effect before August 22, 1986” after “482(i)(5)”; and (2) by inserting “, as so in effect” after “482(i)(7)(A)”.

8. 2002

   Promoting Safe and Stable Families Amendments of 2001

   Pub. L. 107–133 § 102(a) · 115 Stat. 2413

   Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(1)(F)

   Pub. L. 107–133, § 102(a), added subpar. (F)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(1)(F). Pub. L. 107–133, § 102(a), added subpar. (F).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) Inclusion of Infant Safe Haven Programs Among Family Preservation Services.— Section 431(a)(1) (42 U.S.C. 629a(a)(l)) is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of subparagraph CD); (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (E) and inserting “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(F) infant safe haven programs to provide a way for a parent to safely relinquish a newborn infant at a safe haven designated pursuant to a State law. ” .

9. 2002

   Promoting Safe and Stable Families Amendments of 2001

   Pub. L. 107–133 § 102(b) · 115 Stat. 2413

   Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(2)

   Pub. L. 107–133, § 102(b), inserted “to strengthen parental relationships and promote healthy marriages,” after “environment,”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 107–133, § 102(b), inserted “to strengthen parental relationships and promote healthy marriages,” after “environment,”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (b) Family Support Services.— Section 431(a)(2) (42 U.S.C. 629a(a)(2)) is amended by inserting “to strengthen parental relationships and promote healthy marriages,” after “environment,”.

10. 2006

    Child and Family Services Improvement Act of 2006

    Pub. L. 109–288 § 11(c) · 120 Stat. 1233

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(6)

    Pub. L. 109–288 substituted “1996” for “1986”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 109–288 substituted “1996” for “1986”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (c) Technical Correction.— Section 431(a)(6) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 629a(a)(6)) is amended by striking “1986” and inserting “1996”.

11. 2011

    Child and Family Services Improvement and Innovation Act

    Pub. L. 112–34 § 102(c)(1) · 125 Stat. 371

    Amended · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(2)

    Pub. L. 112–34, § 102(c)(1), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The term ‘family support services’ means community-based services to promote the safety and well-being of children and families designed to increase the strength and stability of families (including adoptive, foster, and extended families), to increase parents’ confidence and competence in their parenting abilities, to afford children a safe, stable, and supportive family environment, to strengthen parental relationships and promote healthy marriages, and otherwise to enhance child development.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 112–34, § 102(c)(1), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The term ‘family support services’ means community-based services to promote the safety and well-being of children and families designed to increase the strength and stability of families (including adoptive, foster, and extended families), to increase parents’ confidence and competence in their parenting abilities, to afford children a safe, stable, and supportive family environment, to strengthen parental relationships and promote healthy marriages, and otherwise to enhance child development.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) Family support services.— Section 431(a)(2) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 629a(a)(2)) is amended to read as follows: “(2) Family support services.— “(A) In general.— Definition. The term ‘family support services’ means community-based services designed to carry out the purposes described in subparagraph (B). “(B) Purposes described.— The purposes described in this subparagraph are the following: “(i) To promote the safety and well-being of children and families. “(ii) To increase the strength and stability of families (including adoptive, foster, and extended families). “(iii) To increase parents’ confidence and competence in their parenting abilities. “(iv) To afford children a safe, stable, and supportive family environment. “(v) To strengthen parental relationships and promote healthy marriages. “(vi) To enhance child development, including through mentoring (as defined in section 439(b)(2)).” .

12. 2011

    Child and Family Services Improvement and Innovation Act

    Pub. L. 112–34 § 102(d) · 125 Stat. 371

    1. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(5); 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(6)

       Pub. L. 112–34, § 102(d), added pars. (5) and (6)

    2. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(5); 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(6)

       Pub. L. 112–34, § 102(d), struck out former pars. (5) and (6) which read as follows:

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(5), (6). Pub. L. 112–34, § 102(d), added pars. (5) and (6) and struck out former pars. (5) and (6) which read as follows:

    “(5) Tribal organization.—The term ‘tribal organization’ means the recognized governing body of any Indian tribe. “(6) Indian tribe.—The term ‘Indian tribe’ means any Indian tribe (as defined in section 682(i)(5) of this title, as in effect before August 22, 1996) and any Alaska Native organization (as defined in section 682(i)(7)(A) of this title, as so in effect).”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (d) Uniform Definitions of Indian Tribe and Tribal Organization.— Section 431(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 629a(a)(5) and (6)) is amended by striking paragraphs (5) and (6) and inserting the following: “(5) Indian tribe.— The term ‘Indian tribe’ has the meaning given the term in section 428(c). “(6) Tribal organization.— The term ‘tribal organization’ has the meaning given the term in section 428(c).” .

13. 2011

    Child and Family Services Improvement and Innovation Act

    Pub. L. 112–34 § 102(c)(2) · 125 Stat. 371

    1. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(7)(B)(vi)(viii)

       Pub. L. 112–34, § 102(c)(2), added cls. (vi) and (vii)

    2. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(7)(B)(vi)(viii)

       Pub. L. 112–34, § 102(c)(2), redesignated former cl. (vi) as (viii)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(7)(B)(vi) to (viii). Pub. L. 112–34, § 102(c)(2), added cls. (vi) and (vii) and redesignated former cl. (vi) as (viii).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) Time-limited family reunification services.— Section 431(a)(7)(B) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 629a(a)(7)(B)) is amended by redesignating clause (vi) as clause (viii) and inserting after clause (v) the following: “(vi) Peer-to-peer mentoring and support groups for parents and primary caregivers. “(vii) Services and activities designed to facilitate access to and visitation of children by parents and siblings.” .

14. 2018

    Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–123 § 50751(a) · 132 Stat. 64

    1. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(2)(B)(iii)(vii)

       Pub. L. 115–123, § 50751(a), added cl. (iii)

    2. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(2)(B)(iii)(vii)

       Pub. L. 115–123, § 50751(a), redesignated former cls. (iii) to (vi) as (iv) to (vii), respectively

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(iii) to (vii). Pub. L. 115–123, § 50751(a), added cl. (iii) and redesignated former cls. (iii) to (vi) as (iv) to (vii), respectively.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Supporting and Retaining Foster Parents as a Family Support Service.— Section 431(a)(2)(B) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 631(a)(2)(B)) is amended by redesignating clauses (iii) through (vi) as clauses (iv) through (vii), respectively, and inserting after clause (ii) the following: “(iii) To support and retain foster families so they can provide quality family-based settings for children in foster care.” .

15. 2018

    Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–123 § 50721(a)(1) · 132 Stat. 64

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(7)

    Pub. L. 115–123, § 50721(a)(1), substituted “Family” for “Time-limited family” in heading

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 115–123, § 50721(a)(1), substituted “Family” for “Time-limited family” in heading.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in the paragraph heading, by striking “Time-limited family” and inserting “Family”; and

16. 2018

    Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–123 § 50721(a)(2) · 132 Stat. 64

    1. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(7)(A)

       Pub. L. 115–123, § 50721(a)(2), struck out “time-limited” before “family reunification”

    2. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(7)(A)

       Pub. L. 115–123, § 50721(a)(2), inserted “or a child who has been returned home” after “child care institution”

    3. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(7)(A)

       Pub. L. 115–123, § 50721(a)(2), substituted “and to ensure the strength and stability of the reunification. In the case of a child who has been returned home, the services and activities shall only be provided during the 15-month period that begins on the date that the child returns home” for “, but only during the 15-month period that begins on the date that the child, pursuant to section 675(5)(F) of this title, is considered to have entered foster care”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(7)(A). Pub. L. 115–123, § 50721(a)(2), struck out “time-limited” before “family reunification”, inserted “or a child who has been returned home” after “child care institution”, and substituted “and to ensure the strength and stability of the reunification. In the case of a child who has been returned home, the services and activities shall only be provided during the 15-month period that begins on the date that the child returns home” for “, but only during the 15-month period that begins on the date that the child, pursuant to section 675(5)(F) of this title, is considered to have entered foster care”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in subparagraph (A)— (A) by striking “time-limited family” and inserting “family”; (B) by inserting “or a child who has been returned home” after “child care institution”; and (C) by striking “, but only during the 15-month period that begins on the date that the child, pursuant to section 475(5)(F), is considered to have entered foster care” and inserting “and to ensure the strength and stability of the reunification. Time period. In the case of a child who has been returned home, the services and activities shall only be provided during the 15-month period that begins on the date that the child returns home”.

17. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 110(a)(1)(A) · 138 Stat. 2951

    1. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(1)

       Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(1)(A), substituted “children, youth,” for “children” in introductory provisions

    2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(1)

       Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(1)(A), substituted “kinship and adoptive” for “adoptive and extended” in introductory provisions

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(1)(A), substituted “children, youth,” for “children” and “kinship and adoptive” for “adoptive and extended” in introductory provisions.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

18. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 110(a)(1)(B) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(1)(D)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(1)(B), substituted “parents, kinship caregivers, and foster parents” for “parents and other caregivers (including foster parents)”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1)(D). Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(1)(B), substituted “parents, kinship caregivers, and foster parents” for “parents and other caregivers (including foster parents)”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

19. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 110(a)(1)(C) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(1)(G)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(1)(C)–(E), added subpar. (G)

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1)(G). Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(1)(C)–(E), added subpar. (G).

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

20. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 111(a) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(1)(H)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 111(a), added subpar. (H)

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1)(H). Pub. L. 118–258, § 111(a), added subpar. (H).

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

21. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 106(b)(1) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(2)(A)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 106(b)(1), inserted “, including services provided by family resource centers,” before “designed”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 118–258, § 106(b)(1), inserted “, including services provided by family resource centers,” before “designed”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

22. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 110(a)(2)(A) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(2)(B)(i)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(2)(A), substituted “children, youth,” for “children”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(i). Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(2)(A), substituted “children, youth,” for “children”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

23. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 110(a)(2)(B) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(2)(B)(ii)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(2)(B), substituted “kinship” for “extended”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(2)(B), substituted “kinship” for “extended”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

24. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 113(b)(1) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(2)(B)(vii)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 113(b)(1), struck out “(as defined in section 629i(b)(2) of this title)” after “through mentoring”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(vii). Pub. L. 118–258, § 113(b)(1), struck out “(as defined in section 629i(b)(2) of this title)” after “through mentoring”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

25. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 107(a)(3)(B) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(5); 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(6)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 107(a)(3)(B), substituted “628(d) of this title” for “628(c) of this title”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(5), (6). Pub. L. 118–258, § 107(a)(3)(B), substituted “628(d) of this title” for “628(c) of this title”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

26. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 110(a)(3) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(7)(A)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(3), inserted “with kinship caregivers or” before “in a foster family home”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(7)(A). Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(3), inserted “with kinship caregivers or” before “in a foster family home”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

27. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 106(b)(2) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(10)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 106(b)(2), added par. (10)

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 118–258, § 106(b)(2), added par. (10).

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

28. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 110(a)(4) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(11)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(4), added par. (11)

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(11). Pub. L. 118–258, § 110(a)(4), added par. (11).

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

29. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 113(b)(2) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(a)(12)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 113(b)(2), added par. (12)

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(12). Pub. L. 118–258, § 113(b)(2), added par. (12).

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

30. 2025

    Pub. L. 118–258 § 106(a) · 138 Stat. 2951

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 629a(c)

    Pub. L. 118–258, § 106(a), added subsec. (c)

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–258 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 118–258, § 106(a), added subsec. (c).

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 118–258 effective Oct. 1, 2025, and applicable to payments under this part for calendar quarters beginning on or after such date, with delay permitted if either State legislation or tribal action is required to meet additional requirements, see section 117 of Pub. L. 118–258, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

22 of 37 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 15 unresolved