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119th Congress

Title 49 — Transportation

Part C · Chapter 481 — Airport and Airway Trust Fund Authorizations

§ 48102. Research and development

Statutory text

(a)

Authorization of Appropriations.—

Not more than the following amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 9502) for conducting civil aviation research and development under sections 44504, 44505, 44507, 44509, and 44511–44513 of this title:

(1)

for fiscal year 2004, $346,317,000, including—

(A)

$65,000,000 for Improving Aviation Safety;

(B)

$24,000,000 for Weather Safety Research;

(C)

$27,500,000 for Human Factors and Aeromedical Research;

(D)

$30,000,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions;

(E)

$7,000,000 for Research Mission Support;

(F)

$10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperative Research Program;

(G)

$1,500,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section;

(H)

$42,800,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping;

(I)

$30,300,000 for Safe Flight 21;

(J)

$90,800,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development;

(K)

$9,667,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and

(L)

$7,750,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency;

(2)

for fiscal year 2005, $356,192,000, including—

(A)

$65,705,000 for Improving Aviation Safety;

(B)

$24,260,000 for Weather Safety Research;

(C)

$27,800,000 for Human Factors and Aeromedical Research;

(D)

$30,109,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions;

(E)

$7,076,000 for Research Mission Support;

(F)

$10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperative Research Program;

(G)

$1,650,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section;

(H)

$43,300,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping;

(I)

$31,100,000 for Safe Flight 21;

(J)

$95,400,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development;

(K)

$2,200,000 for Free Flight Phase 2;

(L)

$9,764,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and

(M)

$7,828,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency;

(3)

for fiscal year 2006, $352,157,000, including—

(A)

$66,447,000 for Improving Aviation Safety;

(B)

$24,534,000 for Weather Safety Research;

(C)

$28,114,000 for Human Factors and Aeromedical Research;

(D)

$30,223,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions;

(E)

$7,156,000 for Research Mission Support;

(F)

$10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperation Research Program;

(G)

$1,815,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section;

(H)

$42,200,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping;

(I)

$23,900,000 for Safe Flight 21;

(J)

$100,000,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development;

(K)

$9,862,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and

(L)

$7,906,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency;

(4)

for fiscal year 2007, $356,261,000, including—

(A)

$67,244,000 for Improving Aviation Safety;

(B)

$24,828,000 for Weather Safety Research;

(C)

$28,451,000 for Human Factors and Aeromedical Research;

(D)

$30,586,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions;

(E)

$7,242,000 for Research Mission Support;

(F)

$10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperation Research Program;

(G)

$1,837,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section;

(H)

$42,706,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping;

(I)

$24,187,000 for Safe Flight 21;

(J)

$101,200,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development;

(K)

$9,980,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and

(L)

$8,000,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency;

(5)

$171,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;

(6)

$190,500,000 for fiscal year 2010;

(7)

$170,000,000 for fiscal year 2011;

(8)

$168,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015;

(9)

$166,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 and 2017;

(10)

$189,000,000 for fiscal year 2018;

(11)

$194,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;

(12)

$199,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;

(13)

$204,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;

(14)

$209,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;

(15)

$214,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;

(16)

$280,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;

(17)

$311,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;

(18)

$323,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;

(19)

$334,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and

(20)

$345,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.

(b)

Research Priorities.—

(1)

The Administrator shall prioritize safety in considering the advice and recommendations of the research advisory committee established by section 44508 of this title in establishing priorities among major categories of research and development activities carried out by the Federal Aviation Administration.

(2)

As safety related activities shall be the highest research priority, at least 70 percent of the amount appropriated under subsection (a) of this section shall be for safety research and development projects.

(3)

At least 15 percent of the amount appropriated under subsection (a) of this section shall be for long-term research projects.

(c)

Transfers Between Categories.—

(1)

Not more than 10 percent of the net amount authorized for a category of projects and activities in a fiscal year under subsection (a) of this section may be transferred to or from that category in that fiscal year.

(2)

The Secretary may transfer more than 10 percent of an authorized amount to or from a category only after—

(A)

submitting a written explanation of the proposed transfer to the Committees on Science and Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and Appropriations of the Senate; and

(B)

30 days have passed after the explanation is submitted or each Committee notifies the Secretary in writing that it does not object to the proposed transfer.

(d)

Airport Capacity Research and Development.—

(1)

Of the amounts made available under subsection (a) of this section, at least $25,000,000 may be appropriated each fiscal year for research and development under section 44505(a) and (c) of this title on preserving and enhancing airport capacity, including research and development on improvements to airport design standards, maintenance, safety, operations, and environmental concerns.

(2)

The Administrator shall submit to the Committees on Science and Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report on expenditures made under paragraph (1) of this subsection for each fiscal year. The report shall be submitted not later than 60 days after the end of the fiscal year.

(e)

Air Traffic Controller Performance Research.—

Necessary amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary out of amounts in the Fund available for research and development to conduct research under section 44506(a) and (b) of this title.

(f)

Availability of Amounts.—

Amounts appropriated under subsection (a) of this section remain available until expended.

(g)

Annual Submission of the National Aviation Research Plan.—

The Administrator shall submit the national aviation research plan to Congress no later than the date that is 30 days after the date of submission of the President’s budget request to Congress for that fiscal year, as required under section 44501(c).

(h)

Research Grants Program Involving Undergraduate Students.—

(1)

Establishment.—

The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish a program to utilize undergraduate and technical colleges, including Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Hispanic Serving Institutions, in research on subjects of relevance to the Federal Aviation Administration. Grants may be awarded under this subsection for—

(A)

research projects to be carried out at primarily undergraduate institutions and technical colleges;

(B)

research projects that combine research at primarily undergraduate institutions and technical colleges with other research supported by the Federal Aviation Administration;

(C)

research on future training requirements on projected changes in regulatory requirements for aircraft maintenance and power plant licensees; or

(D)

research on the impact of new technologies and procedures, particularly those related to aircraft flight deck and air traffic management functions, on training requirements for pilots and air traffic controllers.

(2)

Notice of criteria.—

Within 6 months after the date of the enactment of the FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish and publish in the Federal Register criteria for the submittal of proposals for a grant under this subsection, and for the awarding of such grants.

(3)

Principal criteria.—

The principal criteria for the awarding of grants under this subsection shall be—

(A)

the relevance of the proposed research to technical research needs identified by the Federal Aviation Administration;

(B)

the scientific and technical merit of the proposed research; and

(C)

the potential for participation by undergraduate students in the proposed research.

(4)

Competitive, merit-based evaluation.—

Grants shall be awarded under this subsection on the basis of evaluation of proposals through a competitive, merit-based process.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Pub. L. 103–272 § 1(e) · 108 Stat. 745

    Enacted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102

    Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1294

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1294

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Section 1. subtitles ii, ii, and v-x of title 49, united states code (a) Certain general and permanent laws of the 49 USC prec. 101 note. United States, related to transportation, are revised, codified, and enacted by subsections (c)–(e) of this section without substantive change as subtitles II, III, and V–X of title 49, United States Code, “Transportation”. Those laws may be cited as “49 U.S.C. ________”. (b) Title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking the table of subtitles at the beginning of the title and substituting the following new table of subtitles: “Subtitle “I. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION “II. OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES “III. GENERAL AND INTERMODAL PROGRAMS “IV. INTERSTATE COMMERCE “V. RAIL PROGRAMS “VI. MOTOR VEHICLE AND DRIVER PROGRAMS “VII. AVIATION PROGRAMS “VIII. PIPELINES “IX. COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION “X. MISCELLANEOUS (c) Title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking subtitle II, except that chapter 31 (comprising sections 3101–3104) of subtitle II is redesignated and restated as chapter 315 (comprising sections 31501–31504) of subtitle VI of title 49, as enacted by subsection (e) of this section. (d) Title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding the following immediately after subtitle I:

  2. Pub. L. 103–305 title III § 302 · 108 Stat. 1569

    1. Inserted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(1); 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(2)

      Pub. L. 103–305 inserted pars. (1) and (2)

    2. Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(1); 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(2)

      Pub. L. 103–305 struck out former pars. (1) and (2) which read as follows:

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1), (2). Pub. L. 103–305 inserted pars. (1) and (2) and struck out former pars. (1) and (2) which read as follows:

    “(1) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1993— “(A) $14,700,000 only for management and analysis projects and activities. “(B) $87,000,000 only for capacity and air traffic management technology projects and activities. “(C) $28,000,000 only for communications, navigation, and surveillance projects and activities. “(D) $7,700,000 only for weather projects and activities. “(E) $6,800,000 only for airport technology projects and activities. “(F) $44,000,000 only for aircraft safety technology projects and activities. “(G) $41,100,000 only for system security technology projects and activities. “(H) $31,000,000 only for human factors and aviation medicine projects and activities. “(I) $4,500,000 for environment and energy projects and activities. “(J) $5,200,000 for innovative and cooperative research projects and activities. “(2) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1994, $297,000,000.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 302. AVIATION RESEARCH AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and inserting the following: “(1) for fiscal year 1995— “(A) $7,673,000 for management and analysis projects and activities; “(B) $80,901,000 for capacity and air traffic management technology projects and activities; “(C) $39,242,000 for communications, navigation, and surveillance projects and activities; “(D) $2,909,000 for weather projects and activities; “(E) $8,660,000 for airport technology projects and activities; “(F) $51,004,000 for aircraft safety technology projects and activities; “(G) $36,604,000 for system security technology projects and activities; “(H) $26,484,000 for human factors and aviation medicine projects and activities; (I) $8,124,000 for environment and energy projects and activities; and “(J) $5,199,000 for innovative/cooperative research projects and activities; and “(2) for fiscal year 1996— “(A) $8,056,000 for management and analysis projects and activities; “(B) $84,946,000 for capacity and air traffic management technology projects and activities; “(C) $41,204,000 for communications, navigation, and surveillance projects and activities; “(D) $3,054,000 for weather projects and activities; “(E) $9,093,000 for airport technology projects and activities; “(F) $53,554,000 for aircraft safety technology projects and activities; “(G) $38,434,000 for system security technology projects and activities; “(H) $27,808,000 for human factors and aviation medicine projects and activities; “(I) $8,532,000 for environment and energy projects and activities; and “(J) $5,459,000 for innovative/cooperative research projects and activities.”.

  3. FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Management Reform Act of 1996

    Pub. L. 104–264 § 1102 · 110 Stat. 3213

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(3)

    Pub. L. 104–264, § 1102, added par. (3)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 104–264, § 1102, added par. (3).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 1102. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. Section 48102(a) is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of paragraph (1)(J); (2) by striking the period at the end or paragraph (2)(J) and inserting in lieu thereof “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(3) for fiscal year 1997— “(A) $13,660,000 for system development and infra-structure projects and activities; “(B) $34,889,000 for capacity and air traffic management technology projects and activities; “(C) $19,000,000 for communications, navigation, and surveillance projects and activities; “(D) $13,000,000 for weather projects and activities; “(E) $5,200,000 for airport technology projects and activities: “(F) $36,504,000 for aircraft safety technology projects and activities; “(G) $57,055,000 for system security technology projects and activities; “(H) $23,504,000 for human factors and aviation medicine projects and activities; “(I) $3,600,000 for environment and energy projects and activities; and “(J) $2,000,000 for innovative/cooperative research projects and activities.”.

  4. FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Management Reform Act of 1996

    Pub. L. 104–264 § 1103 · 110 Stat. 3213

    1. Substituted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(b)

      Pub. L. 104–264, § 1103, substituted “Research Priorities” for “Availability for Research” in heading

    2. Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(b)

      Pub. L. 104–264, § 1103, added par. (1)

    3. Redesignated · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(b)

      Pub. L. 104–264, § 1103, redesignated former pars. (1) and (2) as (2) and (3), respectively

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–264, § 1103, substituted “Research Priorities” for “Availability for Research” in heading, added par. (1), and redesignated former pars. (1) and (2) as (2) and (3), respectively.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 1103. RESEARCH PRIORITIES. Section 48102(b) is amended— (1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3); and (2) by striking “Availability for Research.—(1)” and inserting in lieu thereof “Research Priorities.—(1)” The Administrator shall consider the advice and recommendations of the research advisory committee established by section 44508 of this title in establishing priorities among major categories of research and development activities carried out by the Federal Aviation Administration.“(2)”.

  5. Pub. L. 104–287 § 5(74) · 110 Stat. 3388

    Substituted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(c)(2)(A)

    Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(74), substituted “Committees on Science” for “Committees on Science, Space, and Technology”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(74), substituted “Committees on Science” for “Committees on Science, Space, and Technology”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (74) In sections 44501(c)(1), 44511(e), 48102(c)(2)(A) and (d)(2), and 70112(d)(1), strike “Science, Space, and Technology” and substitute “Science”.

  6. Pub. L. 104–287 § 5(74) · 110 Stat. 3388

    Substituted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(d)(2)

    Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(74), substituted “Committees on Science” for “Committees on Science, Space, and Technology”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(74), substituted “Committees on Science” for “Committees on Science, Space, and Technology”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (74) In sections 44501(c)(1), 44511(e), 48102(c)(2)(A) and (d)(2), and 70112(d)(1), strike “Science, Space, and Technology” and substitute “Science”.

  7. Pub. L. 104–287 § 5(9) · 110 Stat. 3388

    Substituted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(d)(2)

    Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(9), substituted “Transportation and Infrastructure” for “Public Works and Transportation”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(9), substituted “Transportation and Infrastructure” for “Public Works and Transportation”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (9) In sections 5119(b)(2), 5309(g)(1)B) and (m)(3), 5328(b)(3), 5334(b)(1), 5335(b)-(d), 31134(c)(l)(B) and (C) and (2), 40112(e)(2), 41105(b), 41310(f), 41714(e)(2), 42104(b), 44506(d), 44913(a)(2), 47107(k), 48102(d)(2), and 48109, strike “Public Works and Transportation” and substitute “Transportation and Infrastructure”.

  8. FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998

    Pub. L. 105–155 § 2 · 112 Stat. 5

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(4)

    Pub. L. 105–155, § 2, added par. (4)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 105–155, § 2, added par. (4).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 2. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of paragraph (2)(J); (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (3)(J) and inserting in lieu thereof a semicolon; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(4) for fiscal year 1998, $226,800,000, including— “(A) $16,379,000 for system development and infrastructure projects and activities; “(B) $27,089,000 for capacity and air traffic management technology projects and activities; “(C) $23,362,000 for communications, navigation, and surveillance projects and activities; “(D) $16,600,000 for weather projects and activities; “(E) $7,854,000 for airport technology projects and activities; “(F) $49,202,000 for aircraft safety technology projects and activities; “(G) $53,759,000 for system security technology projects and activities; “(H) $26,550,000 for human factors and aviation medicine projects and activities; “(I) $2,891,000 for environment and energy projects and activities; and “(J) $3,114,000 for innovative/cooperative research projects and activities; and “(5) for fiscal year 1999, $229,673,000.”.

  9. FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998

    Pub. L. 105–155 § 3(b) · 112 Stat. 5

    Inserted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(4)(J)

    Pub. L. 105–155, § 3(b), inserted “, of which $750,000 shall be for carrying out the grant program established under subsection (h)” after “projects and activities”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(4)(J). Pub. L. 105–155, § 3(b), inserted “, of which $750,000 shall be for carrying out the grant program established under subsection (h)” after “projects and activities”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.— Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, as amended by this Act, is further amended by inserting “, of which $750,000 shall be for carrying out the grant program established under subsection (h)” after “projects and activities” in paragraph (4)(J).

  10. FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998

    Pub. L. 105–155 § 2 · 112 Stat. 5

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(5)

    Pub. L. 105–155, § 2, added par. (5)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 105–155, § 2, added par. (5).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 2. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of paragraph (2)(J); (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (3)(J) and inserting in lieu thereof a semicolon; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(4) for fiscal year 1998, $226,800,000, including— “(A) $16,379,000 for system development and infrastructure projects and activities; “(B) $27,089,000 for capacity and air traffic management technology projects and activities; “(C) $23,362,000 for communications, navigation, and surveillance projects and activities; “(D) $16,600,000 for weather projects and activities; “(E) $7,854,000 for airport technology projects and activities; “(F) $49,202,000 for aircraft safety technology projects and activities; “(G) $53,759,000 for system security technology projects and activities; “(H) $26,550,000 for human factors and aviation medicine projects and activities; “(I) $2,891,000 for environment and energy projects and activities; and “(J) $3,114,000 for innovative/cooperative research projects and activities; and “(5) for fiscal year 1999, $229,673,000.”.

  11. FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998

    Pub. L. 105–155 § 3(a) · 112 Stat. 5

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(h)

    Pub. L. 105–155, § 3(a), added subsec. (h)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 105–155, § 3(a), added subsec. (h).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Program.— Section 48102 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(h) Research Grants Program Involving Undergraduate Students.— “(1) Establishment.— The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish a program to utilize undergraduate and technical colleges, including Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Hispanic Serving Institutions, in research on subjects of relevance to the Federal Aviation Administration. Grants may be awarded under this subsection for— “(A) research projects to be carried out at primarily undergraduate institutions and technical colleges; “(B) research projects that combine research at primarily undergraduate institutions and technical colleges with other research supported by the Federal Aviation Administration; or “(C) research on future training requirements on projected changes in regulatory requirements for aircraft maintenance and power plant licensees. “(2) Federal Register, publication. Notice of criteria.— Within 6 months after the date of the enactment of the FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish and publish in the Federal Register criteria for the submittal of proposals for a grant under this subsection, and for the awarding of such grants. “(3) Principal criteria.— The principal criteria for the awarding of grants under this subsection shall be— “(A) the relevance of the proposed research to technical research needs identified by the Federal Aviation Administration; “(B) the scientific and technical merit of the proposed research; and “(C) the potential for participation by undergraduate students in the proposed research. “(4) Competitive, merit-based evaluation.— Grants shall be awarded under this subsection on the basis of evaluation of proposals through a competitive, merit-based process.”.

  12. Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century

    Pub. L. 106–181 title IX § 901 · 114 Stat. 61

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(6)(8)

    Pub. L. 106–181 added pars. (6) to (8)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(6) to (8). Pub. L. 106–181 added pars. (6) to (8).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 901. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of paragraph (4)(J); (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (5) and inserting a semicolon; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(6) for fiscal year 2000, $224,000,000, including— “(A) $17,269,000 for system development and infrastructure projects and activities; “(B) $33,042,500 for capacity and air traffic management technology projects and activities; “(C) $11,265,400 for communications, navigation, and surveillance projects and activities; “(D) $19,300,000 for weather projects and activities; “(E) $6,358,200 for airport technology projects and activities; “(F) $44,457,000 for aircraft safety technology projects and activities; “(G) $53,218,000 for system security technology projects and activities; “(H) $26,207,000 for human factors and aviation medicine projects and activities; “(I) $3,481,000 for environment and energy projects and activities; and “(J) $2,171,000 for innovative/cooperative research projects and activities, of which $750,000 shall be for carrying out subsection (h); “(7) for fiscal year 2001, $237,000,000; and “(8) for fiscal year 2002, $249,000,000.".

  13. Pub. L. 108–176 § 701(1) · 117 Stat. 2490

    Substituted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)

    Pub. L. 108–176, § 701(1), substituted “for conducting civil aviation research and development under sections 44504” for “to carry out sections 44504” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–176, § 701(1), substituted “for conducting civil aviation research and development under sections 44504” for “to carry out sections 44504” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by striking “to carry out sections 44504” and inserting “for conducting civil aviation research and development under sections 44504”;

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 108–176 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 2003, except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–176, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

  14. Pub. L. 108–176 § 701(2) · 117 Stat. 2490

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(9)(12)

    Pub. L. 108–176, § 701(2)–(4), added pars. (9) to (12)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(9) to (12). Pub. L. 108–176, § 701(2)–(4), added pars. (9) to (12).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) by striking “and” at the end of paragraph (7);

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 108–176 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 2003, except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–176, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

  15. Pub. L. 108–176 § 707 · 117 Stat. 2490

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(h)(1)(D)

    Pub. L. 108–176, § 707, added subpar. (D)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (h)(1)(D). Pub. L. 108–176, § 707, added subpar. (D).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 707. RESEARCH ON AVIATION TRAINING.   Section 48102(h)(1) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) by striking “or” at the end of subparagraph (B); (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (C) and inserting “; or”; and (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: “(D) research on the impact of new technologies and procedures, particularly those related to aircraft flight deck and air traffic management functions, on training requirements for pilots and air traffic controllers.” .

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 108–176 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 2003, except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–176, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

  16. Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act of 2008, Part II

    Pub. L. 110–330 § 8 · 122 Stat. 3717

    1. Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(11)(13)

      Pub. L. 110–330 struck out “and” at end of subpar. (K) of par. (11)

    2. Substituted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(11)(13)

      Pub. L. 110–330 substituted “; and” for period at end of subpar. (L) of par. (12)

    3. Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(11)(13)

      Pub. L. 110–330 added par. (13)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(11) to (13). Pub. L. 110–330 struck out “and” at end of subpar. (K) of par. (11), substituted “; and” for period at end of subpar. (L) of par. (12), and added par. (13).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 8. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of paragraph (11)(K); (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (12)(L) and inserting “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(13) $85,507,500 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2008.” .

  17. Pub. L. 111–12 § 8 · 123 Stat. 1459

    Substituted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(13)

    Pub. L. 111–12 substituted “$171,000,000 for fiscal year 2009” for “$85,507,500 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2008”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 111–12 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(13). Pub. L. 111–12 substituted “$171,000,000 for fiscal year 2009” for “$85,507,500 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2008”.

  18. Fiscal Year 2010 Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act

    Pub. L. 111–69 § 8 · 123 Stat. 2054

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(14)

    Pub. L. 111–69 added par. (14)

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 111–69 added par. (14).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 8. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of paragraph (12); (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (13) and inserting “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(14) $46,250,000 for the 3-month period beginning on October 1, 2009.” .

  19. Fiscal Year 2010 Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act, Part II

    Pub. L. 111–116 § 8 · 123 Stat. 3031

    Amended · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(14)

    Pub. L. 111–116 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$46,250,000 for the 3-month period beginning on October 1, 2009.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 111–116 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$46,250,000 for the 3-month period beginning on October 1, 2009.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 8. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a)(14) of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “(14) $92,500,000 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2009.” .

  20. Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act of 2010

    Pub. L. 111–153 § 8 · 124 Stat. 1084

    Amended · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(14)

    Pub. L. 111–153 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$92,500,000 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2009.”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 111–153 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$92,500,000 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2009.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 8. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a)(14) of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “(14) $111,125,000 for the 7-month period beginning on October 1, 2009.” .

  21. Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2010

    Pub. L. 111–161 § 8 · 124 Stat. 1126

    Amended · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(14)

    Pub. L. 111–161 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$111,125,000 for the 7-month period beginning on October 1, 2009.”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 111–161 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$111,125,000 for the 7-month period beginning on October 1, 2009.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 8. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a)(14) of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “(14) $144,049,315 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on July 3, 2010.” .

  22. Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2010, Part II

    Pub. L. 111–197 § 8 · 124 Stat. 1353

    Amended · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(14)

    Pub. L. 111–197 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$144,049,315 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on July 3, 2010.”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 111–197 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$144,049,315 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on July 3, 2010.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 8. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a)(14) of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “(14) $159,184,932 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on August 1, 2010.” .

  23. Airline Safety and Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act of 2010

    Pub. L. 111–216 title I § 107 · 124 Stat. 2348

    Amended · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(14)

    Pub. L. 111–216 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$159,184,932 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on August 1, 2010.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 111–216 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$159,184,932 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on August 1, 2010.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 107. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a)(14) of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “(14) $190,500,000 for fiscal year 2010.” .

  24. Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2011, Part V

    Pub. L. 112–30 title II § 208 · 125 Stat. 359

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(15); 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(16)

    Pub. L. 112–30 added pars. (15) and (16)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(15), (16). Pub. L. 112–30 added pars. (15) and (16).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 208. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) in paragraph (13) by striking “and” at the end; (2) in paragraph (14) by striking “2010.” and inserting “2010;”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(15) $170,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and “(16) $57,016,885 for the period beginning on October 1, 2011, and ending on January 31, 2012.” .

  25. Pub. L. 112–91 § 8 · 126 Stat. 4

    Amended · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(16)

    Pub. L. 112–91 amended par. (16) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (16) read as follows: “$57,016,885 for the period beginning on October 1, 2011, and ending on January 31, 2012.”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 112–91 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 112–91 amended par. (16) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (16) read as follows: “$57,016,885 for the period beginning on October 1, 2011, and ending on January 31, 2012.”

  26. FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012

    Pub. L. 112–95 § 901(a)(1) · 126 Stat. 11

    Substituted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)

    Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(1), substituted “of this title and, for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015, under subsection (g)” for “of this title” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(1), substituted “of this title and, for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015, under subsection (g)” for “of this title” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in the matter before paragraph (1) by striking “of this title” and inserting “of this title and, for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015, under subsection (g)”;

  27. FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012

    Pub. L. 112–95 § 901(a)(2) · 126 Stat. 11

    1. Redesignated · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(1)(15)

      Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(2)–(5), redesignated pars. (9) to (15) as (1) to (7), respectively

    2. Inserted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(1)(15)

      Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(2)–(5), inserted “and” at end of par. (3)(K)

    3. Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(1)(15)

      Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(2)–(5), struck out “and” at end of par. (3)(L)

    4. Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(1)(15)

      Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(2)–(5), added par. (8)

    5. Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(1)(15)

      Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(2)–(5), struck out former pars. (1) to (8) which related to appropriations for fiscal years 1995 to 2002

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1) to (15). Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(2)–(5), redesignated pars. (9) to (15) as (1) to (7), respectively, inserted “and” at end of par. (3)(K), struck out “and” at end of par. (3)(L), added par. (8), and struck out former pars. (1) to (8) which related to appropriations for fiscal years 1995 to 2002.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) by striking paragraphs (1) through (8);

  28. FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012

    Pub. L. 112–95 § 901(a)(5) · 126 Stat. 11

    Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(16)

    Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(5), struck out par. (16) which read as follows: ”$64,092,459 for the period beginning on October 1, 2011, and ending on February 17, 2012.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(5), struck out par. (16) which read as follows: ”$64,092,459 for the period beginning on October 1, 2011, and ending on February 17, 2012.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (5) by striking paragraph (16) and inserting the following: “(8) $168,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015.” .

  29. FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012

    Pub. L. 112–95 § 901(b) · 126 Stat. 11

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(g)

    Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(b), added subsec. (g)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(b), added subsec. (g).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Specific Program Limitations.— Section 48102 is amended by inserting after subsection (f) the following: “(g) Specific Authorizations.— The following programs described in the research, engineering, and development account of the national aviation research plan required under section 44501(c) are authorized: “(1) Fire Research and Safety. “(2) Propulsion and Fuel Systems. “(3) Advanced Materials/Structural Safety. “(4) Atmospheric Hazards—Aircraft Icing/Digital System Safety. “(5) Continued Airworthiness. “(6) Aircraft Catastrophic Failure Prevention Research. “(7) Flightdeck/Maintenance/System Integration Human Factors. “(8) System Safety Management. “(9) Air Traffic Control/Technical Operations Human Factors. “(10) Aeromedical Research. “(11) Weather Program. “(12) Unmanned Aircraft Systems Research. “(13) NextGen—Alternative Fuels for General Aviation. “(14) Joint Planning and Development Office. “(15) NextGen—Wake Turbulence Research. “(16) NextGen—Air Ground Integration Human Factors. “(17) NextGen—Self Separation Human Factors. “(18) NextGen—Weather Technology in the Cockpit. “(19) Environment and Energy Research. “(20) NextGen Environmental Research—Aircraft Technologies, Fuels, and Metrics. “(21) System Planning and Resource Management. “(22) The William J. Hughes Technical Center Laboratory Facility.” .

  30. Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2015

    Pub. L. 114–55 title I § 105 · 129 Stat. 522

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(9)

    Pub. L. 114–55 added par. (9)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 114–55 added par. (9).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 105. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) in paragraph (7) by striking “and” at the end; (2) in paragraph (8) by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(9) $78,375,000 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on March 31, 2016.” .

  31. Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2016

    Pub. L. 114–141 title I § 105 · 130 Stat. 322

    Amended · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(9)

    Pub. L. 114–141 amended par. (9) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) read as follows: “$78,375,000 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on March 31, 2016.”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 114–141 amended par. (9) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) read as follows: “$78,375,000 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on March 31, 2016.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 105. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a)(9) of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “(9) $124,093,750 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on July 15, 2016.” .

  32. FAA Extension, Safety, and Security Act of 2016

    Pub. L. 114–190 title I § 1105 · 130 Stat. 615

    Amended · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(9)

    Pub. L. 114–190 amended par. (9) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) read as follows: “$124,093,750 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on July 15, 2016.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 114–190 amended par. (9) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) read as follows: “$124,093,750 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on July 15, 2016.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 1105. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a)(9) of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “(9) $166,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 and 2017.” .

  33. Disaster Tax Relief and Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2017

    Pub. L. 115–63 title I § 106 · 131 Stat. 1168

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(10)

    Pub. L. 115–63 added par. (10)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 115–63 added par. (10).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 106. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) in paragraph (8) by striking “and” at the end; (2) in paragraph (9) by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(10) $88,008,219 for the period beginning on October 1, 2017 and ending on March 31, 2018.” .

  34. Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2018

    Pub. L. 115–141 div. M title I § 106 · 132 Stat. 348

    Amended · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(10)

    Pub. L. 115–141 amended par. (10) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (10) read as follows: “$88,008,219 for the period beginning on October 1, 2017 and ending on March 31, 2018.”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 115–141 amended par. (10) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (10) read as follows: “$88,008,219 for the period beginning on October 1, 2017 and ending on March 31, 2018.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 106. Nothing in this title shall be construed to prevent a grant recipient from deterring child pornography, copyright infringement, or any other unlawful activity over its networks.

  35. FAA Leadership in Groundbreaking High-Tech Research and Development Act

    Pub. L. 115–254 § 703(a)(1) · 132 Stat. 3187

    Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)

    Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(a)(1), struck out “and, for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015, under subsection (g)” after “this title” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(a)(1), struck out “and, for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015, under subsection (g)” after “this title” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking “and, for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015, under subsection (g)”;

  36. FAA Leadership in Groundbreaking High-Tech Research and Development Act

    Pub. L. 115–254 § 703(a)(2) · 132 Stat. 3187

    1. Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(10)

      Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(a)(2), (3), added par. (10)

    2. Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(10)

      Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(a)(2), (3), struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “$176,500,000 for fiscal year 2018.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(a)(2), (3), added par. (10) and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “$176,500,000 for fiscal year 2018.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in paragraph (9), by striking “and” at the end; and

  37. FAA Leadership in Groundbreaking High-Tech Research and Development Act

    Pub. L. 115–254 § 703(a)(2) · 132 Stat. 3187

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(11)(15)

    Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(a)(2), (3), added pars. (11) to (15)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(11) to (15). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(a)(2), (3), added pars. (11) to (15).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in paragraph (9), by striking “and” at the end; and

  38. FAA Leadership in Groundbreaking High-Tech Research and Development Act

    Pub. L. 115–254 § 703(b)(1) · 132 Stat. 3187

    Substituted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(b)(1)

    Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(b)(1), substituted “prioritize safety in considering” for “consider”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(b)(1), substituted “prioritize safety in considering” for “consider”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in paragraph (1), by striking “consider” and inserting “prioritize safety in considering”;

  39. FAA Leadership in Groundbreaking High-Tech Research and Development Act

    Pub. L. 115–254 § 703(b)(2) · 132 Stat. 3187

    1. Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(b)(2); 49 U.S.C. § 48102(b)(3)

      Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(b)(2)–(4), added par. (2)

    2. Redesignated · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(b)(2); 49 U.S.C. § 48102(b)(3)

      Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(b)(2)–(4), redesignated former par. (2) as (3)

    3. Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(b)(2); 49 U.S.C. § 48102(b)(3)

      Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(b)(2)–(4), struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “At least 3 percent of the amount appropriated under subsection (a) of this section shall be available to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to make grants under section 44511 of this title.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2), (3). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(b)(2)–(4), added par. (2), redesignated former par. (2) as (3), and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “At least 3 percent of the amount appropriated under subsection (a) of this section shall be available to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to make grants under section 44511 of this title.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) by striking paragraph (3);

  40. FAA Leadership in Groundbreaking High-Tech Research and Development Act

    Pub. L. 115–254 § 703(c) · 132 Stat. 3187

    Amended · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(g)

    Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(c), amended subsec. (g) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (g) authorized certain programs described in the research, engineering, and development account of the national aviation research plan required under section 44501(c)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(c), amended subsec. (g) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (g) authorized certain programs described in the research, engineering, and development account of the national aviation research plan required under section 44501(c).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (c) Annual Submission of the National Aviation Research Plan.— Section 48102(g) of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “(g) Annual Submission of the National Aviation Research Plan.— The Administrator shall submit the national aviation research plan to Congress no later than the date of submission of the President’s budget request to Congress for that fiscal year, as required under section 44501(c).” .

  41. Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act

    Pub. L. 118–15 div. B title II § 2205 · 137 Stat. 71

    Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(16)

    Pub. L. 118–15 added par. (16)

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 118–15 added par. (16).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 2205. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) in paragraph (14), by striking “and”; (2) in paragraph (15) by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(16) $64,098,360 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2023.” .

  42. Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2023, Part II

    Pub. L. 118–34 title I § 105 · 137 Stat. 1112

    1. Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(16)

      Pub. L. 118–34 added par. (16)

    2. Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(16)

      Pub. L. 118–34 struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: “$64,098,360 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2023.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 118–34 added par. (16) and struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: “$64,098,360 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2023.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 105. RESEARCH, ENGINEERING, AND DEVELOPMENT.   Section 48102(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking paragraph (16) and inserting the following: “(16) $111,475,410 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on March 8, 2024.” .

  43. Pub. L. 118–41 title I § 105 · 138 Stat. 23

    1. Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(16)

      Pub. L. 118–41 added par. (16)

    2. Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)(16)

      Pub. L. 118–41 struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: “$111,475,410 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on March 8, 2024.”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–41 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 118–41 added par. (16) and struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: “$111,475,410 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on March 8, 2024.”

  44. Pub. L. 118–63 § 1002 · 138 Stat. 1386

    1. Added · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)

      Pub. L. 118–63, § 1002, added pars. (16) to (20)

    2. Struck · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(a)

      Pub. L. 118–63, § 1002, struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: “$155,368,852 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on May 10, 2024.”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–63 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 118–63, § 1002, added pars. (16) to (20) and struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: “$155,368,852 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on May 10, 2024.”

  45. Pub. L. 118–63 § 1004(b) · 138 Stat. 1386

    Substituted · 49 U.S.C. § 48102(g)

    Pub. L. 118–63, § 1004(b), substituted “the date that is 30 days after the date of submission” for “the date of submission”

    Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–63 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 118–63, § 1004(b), substituted “the date that is 30 days after the date of submission” for “the date of submission”.

53 of 60 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 7 unresolved

Notes

historicalAndRevision
Historical and Revision Notes
RevisedSectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large)
48102(a)49 App.:2202(a)(24).Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, § 503(a)(24), 96 Stat. 674; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, § 103(c)(1), 101 Stat. 1488.
 49 App.:2205(b)(2) (1st sentence).Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, § 506(b)(2), 96 Stat. 678; restated Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, § 105(b)(1), 101 Stat. 1490; Nov. 3, 1988, Pub. L. 100–591, § 7, 102 Stat. 3014; Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–508, § 9202, 104 Stat. 1388–372; Oct. 31, 1992, Pub. L. 102–581, § 302, 106 Stat. 4895.
48102(b)49 App.:2205(b)(2) (last sentence).
48102(c)49 App.:2205(b)(3).Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, § 506(b)(3), (5), 96 Stat. 678; restated Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, § 105(b)(1), 101 Stat. 1491.
48102(d)49 App.:2205(b)(4).Sept. 30, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, § 506(b)(4), 96 Stat. 678; restated Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, § 105(b)(1), 101 Stat. 1491; Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–508, § 9203, 104 Stat. 1388–373.
48102(e)49 App.:1353 (note).Nov. 3, 1988, Pub. L. 100–591, § 8(d), 102 Stat. 3016; Nov. 17, 1988, Pub. L. 100–685, § 604, 102 Stat. 4103.
48102(f)49 App.:2205(b)(5).

In subsections (a) and (b), as to applicability of section 305(b) of the Airport and Airway Safety, Capacity, Noise Improvement, and Intermodal Transportation Act of 1992 (Pub. L. 102–581, 106 Stat. 4896), see section 6(b) of the bill.

In subsection (a)(1), the word “solely” is omitted as surplus. Before clause (1), the words “to the Secretary of Transportation” are added for clarity and consistency in this chapter.

In subsection (d)(1), the words “Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection” and “in each of fiscal years 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, and 1992” are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (d)(2), the reference to fiscal years 1988–1992 and the words “by the Administrator for research and development” are omitted as surplus.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The date of the enactment of the FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998, referred to in subsec. (h)(2), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 105–155, which was approved .

Amendments1994–2024 · 16 rounds

2024

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 118–63, § 1002, added pars. (16) to (20) and struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: “$155,368,852 for the period beginning on , and ending on .”

Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 118–41 added par. (16) and struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: “$111,475,410 for the period beginning on , and ending on .”

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 118–63, § 1004(b), substituted “the date that is 30 days after the date of submission” for “the date of submission”.

2023

Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 118–34 added par. (16) and struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: “$64,098,360 for the period beginning on , and ending on .”

Pub. L. 118–15 added par. (16).

2018

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(a)(1), struck out “and, for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015, under subsection (g)” after “this title” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(a)(2), (3), added par. (10) and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: “$176,500,000 for fiscal year 2018.”

Pub. L. 115–141 amended par. (10) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (10) read as follows: “$88,008,219 for the period beginning on and ending on .”

Subsec. (a)(11) to (15). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(a)(2), (3), added pars. (11) to (15).

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(b)(1), substituted “prioritize safety in considering” for “consider”.

Subsec. (b)(2), (3). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(b)(2)–(4), added par. (2), redesignated former par. (2) as (3), and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “At least 3 percent of the amount appropriated under subsection (a) of this section shall be available to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to make grants under section 44511 of this title.”

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 115–254, § 703(c), amended subsec. (g) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (g) authorized certain programs described in the research, engineering, and development account of the national aviation research plan required under section 44501(c).

2017

Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 115–63 added par. (10).

2016

Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 114–190 amended par. (9) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) read as follows: “$124,093,750 for the period beginning on , and ending on .”

Pub. L. 114–141 amended par. (9) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) read as follows: “$78,375,000 for the period beginning on , and ending on .”

2015

Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 114–55 added par. (9).

2012

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(1), substituted “of this title and, for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015, under subsection (g)” for “of this title” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(1) to (15). Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(2)–(5), redesignated pars. (9) to (15) as (1) to (7), respectively, inserted “and” at end of par. (3)(K), struck out “and” at end of par. (3)(L), added par. (8), and struck out former pars. (1) to (8) which related to appropriations for fiscal years 1995 to 2002.

Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(a)(5), struck out par. (16) which read as follows: ”$64,092,459 for the period beginning on , and ending on .”

Pub. L. 112–91 amended par. (16) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (16) read as follows: “$57,016,885 for the period beginning on , and ending on .”

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 112–95, § 901(b), added subsec. (g).

2011

Subsec. (a)(15), (16). Pub. L. 112–30 added pars. (15) and (16).

2010

Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 111–216 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$159,184,932 for the period beginning on , and ending on .”

Pub. L. 111–197 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$144,049,315 for the period beginning on , and ending on .”

Pub. L. 111–161 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$111,125,000 for the 7-month period beginning on .”

Pub. L. 111–153 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$92,500,000 for the 6-month period beginning on .”

2009

Subsec. (a)(13). Pub. L. 111–12 substituted “$171,000,000 for fiscal year 2009” for “$85,507,500 for the 6-month period beginning on ”.

Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 111–116 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: “$46,250,000 for the 3-month period beginning on .”

Pub. L. 111–69 added par. (14).

2008

Subsec. (a)(11) to (13). Pub. L. 110–330 struck out “and” at end of subpar. (K) of par. (11), substituted “; and” for period at end of subpar. (L) of par. (12), and added par. (13).

2003

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–176, § 701(1), substituted “for conducting civil aviation research and development under sections 44504” for “to carry out sections 44504” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(9) to (12). Pub. L. 108–176, § 701(2)–(4), added pars. (9) to (12).

Subsec. (h)(1)(D). Pub. L. 108–176, § 707, added subpar. (D).

2000

Subsec. (a)(6) to (8). Pub. L. 106–181 added pars. (6) to (8).

1998

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 105–155, § 2, added par. (4).

Subsec. (a)(4)(J). Pub. L. 105–155, § 3(b), inserted “, of which $750,000 shall be for carrying out the grant program established under subsection (h)” after “projects and activities”.

Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 105–155, § 2, added par. (5).

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 105–155, § 3(a), added subsec. (h).

1996

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 104–264, § 1102, added par. (3).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–264, § 1103, substituted “Research Priorities” for “Availability for Research” in heading, added par. (1), and redesignated former pars. (1) and (2) as (2) and (3), respectively.

Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(74), substituted “Committees on Science” for “Committees on Science, Space, and Technology”.

Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(74), substituted “Committees on Science” for “Committees on Science, Space, and Technology”.

Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(9), substituted “Transportation and Infrastructure” for “Public Works and Transportation”.

1994

Subsec. (a)(1), (2). Pub. L. 103–305 inserted pars. (1) and (2) and struck out former pars. (1) and (2) which read as follows:

“(1) for the fiscal year ending —

“(A) $14,700,000 only for management and analysis projects and activities.

“(B) $87,000,000 only for capacity and air traffic management technology projects and activities.

“(C) $28,000,000 only for communications, navigation, and surveillance projects and activities.

“(D) $7,700,000 only for weather projects and activities.

“(E) $6,800,000 only for airport technology projects and activities.

“(F) $44,000,000 only for aircraft safety technology projects and activities.

“(G) $41,100,000 only for system security technology projects and activities.

“(H) $31,000,000 only for human factors and aviation medicine projects and activities.

“(I) $4,500,000 for environment and energy projects and activities.

“(J) $5,200,000 for innovative and cooperative research projects and activities.

“(2) for the fiscal year ending , $297,000,000.”

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Science of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Science and Technology of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, . Committee on Science and Technology of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, .

Effective Date of 2003 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 108–176 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after , except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–176, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 106–181 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after , see section 3 of Pub. L. 106–181, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

Except as otherwise specifically provided, amendment by Pub. L. 104–264 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after , and not to be construed as affecting funds made available for a fiscal year ending before , see section 3 of Pub. L. 104–264, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

Notices

Pub. L. 105–155, § 4, , 112 Stat. 6, provided that:

“(a)

Reprogramming.—

If any funds authorized by the amendments made by this Act [amending this section] are subject to a reprogramming action that requires notice to be provided to the Appropriations Committees of the House of Representatives and the Senate, notice of such action shall concurrently be provided to the Committees on Science [now Science, Space, and Technology] and Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate.

“(b)

Notice of Reorganization.—

The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall provide notice to the Committees on Science [now Science, Space, and Technology], Transportation and Infrastructure, and Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and the Committees on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and Appropriations of the Senate, not later than 30 days before any major reorganization (as determined by the Administrator) of any program of the Federal Aviation Administration for which funds are authorized by this Act.”

Credits

1994–2024 · 28 acts
  1. 1994Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), , 108 Stat. 1294
  2. 1994Pub. L. 103–305, title III, § 302, , 108 Stat. 1589
  3. 1996Pub. L. 104–264, title XI, §§ 1102, 1103, , 110 Stat. 3278
  4. 1996Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(9), (74), , 110 Stat. 3389, 3396
  5. 1998Pub. L. 105–155, §§ 2, 3, , 112 Stat. 5
  6. 2000Pub. L. 106–181, title IX, § 901, , 114 Stat. 194
  7. 2003Pub. L. 108–176, title VII, §§ 701, 707, , 117 Stat. 2574, 2582
  8. 2008Pub. L. 110–330, § 8, , 122 Stat. 3719
  9. 2009Pub. L. 111–12, § 8, , 123 Stat. 1459
  10. 2009Pub. L. 111–69, § 8, , 123 Stat. 2056
  11. 2009Pub. L. 111–116, § 8, , 123 Stat. 3033
  12. 2010Pub. L. 111–153, § 8, , 124 Stat. 1086
  13. 2010Pub. L. 111–161, § 8, , 124 Stat. 1128
  14. 2010Pub. L. 111–197, § 8, , 124 Stat. 1355
  15. 2010Pub. L. 111–216, title I, § 107, , 124 Stat. 2350
  16. 2011Pub. L. 112–30, title II, § 208, , 125 Stat. 359
  17. 2012Pub. L. 112–91, § 8, , 126 Stat. 4
  18. 2012Pub. L. 112–95, title IX, § 901(a), (b), , 126 Stat. 137
  19. 2015Pub. L. 114–55, title I, § 105, , 129 Stat. 524
  20. 2016Pub. L. 114–141, title I, § 105, , 130 Stat. 324
  21. 2016Pub. L. 114–190, title I, § 1105, , 130 Stat. 618
  22. 2017Pub. L. 115–63, title I, § 106, , 131 Stat. 1170
  23. 2018Pub. L. 115–141, div. M, title I, § 106, , 132 Stat. 1047
  24. 2018Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title VII, § 703, , 132 Stat. 3409
  25. 2023Pub. L. 118–15, div. B, title II, § 2205, , 137 Stat. 84
  26. 2023Pub. L. 118–34, title I, § 105, , 137 Stat. 1115
  27. 2024Pub. L. 118–41, title I, § 105, , 138 Stat. 23
  28. 2024Pub. L. 118–63, title X, §§ 1002, 1004(b), , 138 Stat. 1386.
Show as published

(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), , 108 Stat. 1294; Pub. L. 103–305, title III, § 302, , 108 Stat. 1589; Pub. L. 104–264, title XI, §§ 1102, 1103, , 110 Stat. 3278; Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(9), (74), , 110 Stat. 3389, 3396; Pub. L. 105–155, §§ 2, 3, , 112 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 106–181, title IX, § 901, , 114 Stat. 194; Pub. L. 108–176, title VII, §§ 701, 707, , 117 Stat. 2574, 2582; Pub. L. 110–330, § 8, , 122 Stat. 3719; Pub. L. 111–12, § 8, , 123 Stat. 1459; Pub. L. 111–69, § 8, , 123 Stat. 2056; Pub. L. 111–116, § 8, , 123 Stat. 3033; Pub. L. 111–153, § 8, , 124 Stat. 1086; Pub. L. 111–161, § 8, , 124 Stat. 1128; Pub. L. 111–197, § 8, , 124 Stat. 1355; Pub. L. 111–216, title I, § 107, , 124 Stat. 2350; Pub. L. 112–30, title II, § 208, , 125 Stat. 359; Pub. L. 112–91, § 8, , 126 Stat. 4; Pub. L. 112–95, title IX, § 901(a), (b), , 126 Stat. 137; Pub. L. 114–55, title I, § 105, , 129 Stat. 524; Pub. L. 114–141, title I, § 105, , 130 Stat. 324; Pub. L. 114–190, title I, § 1105, , 130 Stat. 618; Pub. L. 115–63, title I, § 106, , 131 Stat. 1170; Pub. L. 115–141, div. M, title I, § 106, , 132 Stat. 1047; Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title VII, § 703, , 132 Stat. 3409; Pub. L. 118–15, div. B, title II, § 2205, , 137 Stat. 84; Pub. L. 118–34, title I, § 105, , 137 Stat. 1115; Pub. L. 118–41, title I, § 105, , 138 Stat. 23; Pub. L. 118–63, title X, §§ 1002, 1004(b), , 138 Stat. 1386.)

Parsed from the official OLRC USLM XML in data/usc_all/usc49.xml · release point 119-108 · OLRC build 2026-05-04

USLM identifier /us/usc/t49/s48102