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Title 5 — Government Organization and Employees

Part III · Chapter 33 — Examination, Selection, and Placement

§ 3321. Competitive service; probationary period

Statutory text

(a)

The President may take such action, including the issuance of rules, regulations, and directives, as shall provide as nearly as conditions of good administration warrant for a period of probation—

(1)

before an appointment in the competitive service becomes final; and

(2)

before initial appointment as a supervisor or manager becomes final.

(b)

An individual—

(1)

who has been transferred, assigned, or promoted from a position to a supervisory or managerial position, and

(2)

who does not satisfactorily complete the probationary period under subsection (a)(2) of this section,

shall be returned to a position of no lower grade and pay than the position from which the individual was transferred, assigned, or promoted. Nothing in this section prohibits an agency from taking an action against an individual serving a probationary period under subsection (a)(2) of this section for cause unrelated to supervisory or managerial performance.

(c)

Subsections (a) and (b) of this section shall not apply with respect to appointments in the Senior Executive Service or the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Drug Enforcement Administration Senior Executive Service.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Pub. L. 89–554 · 80 Stat. 378

    Enacted · 5 U.S.C. § 3321

    Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 422

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 422

  2. Pub. L. 95–454 title III § 303(a) · 92 Stat. 1111

    1. Substituted · 5 U.S.C. § 3321

      Pub. L. 95–454 substituted “probationary period” for “probation; period of” in section catchline

    2. Amended · 5 U.S.C. § 3321

      Pub. L. 95–454 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a)

    3. Substituted · 5 U.S.C. § 3321

      Pub. L. 95–454 substituted provisions authorizing the President to take necessary action, for provisions authorizing the President to prescribe rules

    4. Added · 5 U.S.C. § 3321

      Pub. L. 95–454 added subsecs. (b) and (c)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 95–454 substituted “probationary period” for “probation; period of” in section catchline, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), substituted provisions authorizing the President to take necessary action, for provisions authorizing the President to prescribe rules, and added subsecs. (b) and (c).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Section 3321 of title 5, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “§3321. Competitive service; probationary period “(a) The President may take such action, including the issuance of rules, regulations, and directives, as shall provide as nearly as conditions of good administration warrant for a period of probation— “(1) before an appointment in the competitive service becomes final; and “(2) before initial appointment as a supervisor or manager becomes final. “(b) An individual— “(1) who has been transferred, assigned, or promoted from a position to a supervisory or managerial position, and “(2) who does not satisfactorily complete the probationary period under subsection (a) (2) of this section, shall be returned to a position of no lower grade and pay than the position from which the individual was transferred, assigned, or promoted. Nothing in this section prohibits an agency from taking an action against an individual serving a probationary period under subsection (a)(2) of this section for cause unrelated to supervisory or managerial performance. “(c) Subsections (a) and (b) of this section shall not apply with respect to appointments in the Senior Executive Service.”.

  3. Pub. L. 100–325 § 2(d) · 102 Stat. 579

    Inserted · 5 U.S.C. § 3321(c)

    Pub. L. 100–325 inserted reference to Federal Bureau of Investigation and Drug Enforcement Administration Senior Executive Service

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–325 inserted reference to Federal Bureau of Investigation and Drug Enforcement Administration Senior Executive Service.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (d) Section 3321(c) of title 5, United States Code, is amended by striking “Service.” and inserting “Service or the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Drug Enforcement Administration Senior Executive Service.”.

  4. National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016

    Pub. L. 114–92 div. A title XI § 1105(c)(1) · 129 Stat. 726

    Inserted · 5 U.S.C. § 3321(c)

    Pub. L. 114–92 inserted “, or any individual covered by section 1599e of title 10” before period at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–92 inserted “, or any individual covered by section 1599e of title 10” before period at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in section 3321(c), by inserting at the end before the period the following: “, or any individual covered by section 1599e of title 10”;

  5. National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022

    Pub. L. 117–81 div. A title XI § 1106(b)(2)(A) · 135 Stat. 1541

    Struck · 5 U.S.C. § 3321(c)

    Pub. L. 117–81 struck out “, or any individual covered by section 1599e of title 10” before period at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 117–81 struck out “, or any individual covered by section 1599e of title 10” before period at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in section 3321(c), by striking “, or any individual covered by section 1599e of title 10”;

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 117–81 applied as if effective Dec. 31, 2022, to correspond to the effective date of the repeal of section 1599e of Title 10, Armed Forces, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. See Effective Date of Repeal note under section 1599e of Title 10.

7 of 8 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial

Notes

historicalAndRevision
Historical and Revision Notes
DerivationU.S. CodeRevised Statutes andStatutes at Large
 5 U.S.C. 633(2)4.Jan. 16, 1883, ch. 27. § 2(2)4, 22 Stat. 404.

The authority of the President to prescribe rules is added on authority of former section 633(1), which is carried into section 3302. Wording is changed because in practice an appointment is not made after probation. The words “or employment” are omitted as included within “appointment”.

Standard changes are made to conform with the definitions applicable and the style of this title as outlined in the preface to the report.

Editorial Notes

Amendments1978–2021 · 4 rounds

2021

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 117–81 struck out “, or any individual covered by section 1599e of title 10” before period at end.

2015

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–92 inserted “, or any individual covered by section 1599e of title 10” before period at end.

1988

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–325 inserted reference to Federal Bureau of Investigation and Drug Enforcement Administration Senior Executive Service.

1978

Pub. L. 95–454 substituted “probationary period” for “probation; period of” in section catchline, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), substituted provisions authorizing the President to take necessary action, for provisions authorizing the President to prescribe rules, and added subsecs. (b) and (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2021 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 117–81 applied as if effective , to correspond to the effective date of the repeal of section 1599e of Title 10, Armed Forces, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. See Effective Date of Repeal note under section 1599e of Title 10.

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 95–454 effective 90 days after , see section 907 of Pub. L. 95–454, set out as a note under section 1101 of this title.

Credits

1966–2021 · 5 acts
  1. 1966Pub. L. 89–554, , 80 Stat. 422
  2. 1978Pub. L. 95–454, title III, § 303(a), , 92 Stat. 1146
  3. 1988Pub. L. 100–325, § 2(d), , 102 Stat. 581
  4. 2015Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title XI, § 1105(c)(1), , 129 Stat. 1024
  5. 2021Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title XI, § 1106(b)(2)(A), , 135 Stat. 1950.
Show as published

(Pub. L. 89–554, , 80 Stat. 422; Pub. L. 95–454, title III, § 303(a), , 92 Stat. 1146; Pub. L. 100–325, § 2(d), , 102 Stat. 581; Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title XI, § 1105(c)(1), , 129 Stat. 1024; Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title XI, § 1106(b)(2)(A), , 135 Stat. 1950.)

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