§ 3293. Agricultural fellowship program for middle income countries, emerging democracies, and emerging markets

Footnotes

1. 1 So in original. The word “for” probably should not appear.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1990

   Agricultural Development and Trade Act of 1990

   Pub. L. 101–624 title XV § 1543 · 104 Stat. 3359

   Enacted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293

   Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1543, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3694

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1543, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3694

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   SEC. 1543. AGRICULTURAL FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM FOR MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES AND EMERGING DEMOCRACIES. (a) Establishment.— The Secretary of Agriculture shall establish a fellowship program for middle income countries and emerging democracies, to be known as the “Cochran Fellowship Program”, to provide fellowships to individuals from eligible countries who specialize in agriculture for study in the United States. (b) Eligible Countries.— Countries that meet the following requirements shall be eligible to participate in the program established under this section: (1) Middle-income country.— A country that has developed economically to the point where it no longer qualifies for bilateral foreign aid assistance from the United States because its per capita income level exceeds the eligibility requirements of such assistance programs (hereafter referred to in this section as a “middle-income” country). (2) Ongoing relationship.— A middle-income country that has never qualified for bilateral foreign aid assistance from the United States, but with respect to which an ongoing relationship with the United States, including technical assistance and training, would provide mutual benefits to such country and the United States. (3) Type of government.— A country that has recently begun the transformation of its system of government from a non-representative type of government to a representative democracy and that is encouraging democratic institution building, and the cultural values, institutions, and organizations of democratic pluralism. (c) Purpose of the Fellowships.— Fellowships under this section shall be provided to permit the recipients to gain knowledge and skills that will— (1) assist eligible countries to develop agricultural systems necessary to meet the food needs of their domestic populations; and (2) strengthen and enhance trade linkages between eligible countries and agricultural interests in the United States. (d) Individuals Who May Receive Fellowships.— The Secretary shall utilize the expertise of United States agricultural counselors, trade officers, and commodity trade promotion groups working in participating countries to help identify program candidates for fellowships under this section from both the public and private sectors of those countries. (e) Program Implementation.— The Secretary shall consult with other United States Government agencies, United States universities, and the private agribusiness sector, as appropriate, to design and administer training programs to accomplish the objectives of the Program established under this section. (f) Authorization of Appropriations.— There are authorized to be appropriated without fiscal year limitation such sums as may be necessary to carry out the program established under this section, except that the amount of such funds in any fiscal year shall not exceed— (1) for eligible countries that meet the requirements of subsection (b)(1), $3,000,000; (2) for eligible countries that meet the requirements of subsection (b)(2), $2,000,000; and (3) for eligible countries that meet the requirements of subsection (b)(3), $5,000,000. (g) Complementary Funds.— If the Secretary of Agriculture determines that it is advisable in furtherance of the purposes of the program established under this section, the Secretary may accept money, funds, property, and services of every kind by gift, devise, bequest, grant, or otherwise, and may, in any manner, dispose of all such holdings and use the receipts generated from such disposition as general program funds under this section. All funds so designated for the program established under this section shall remain available until expended.

2. 1991

   Pub. L. 102–237 title X § 1002 · 105 Stat. 1818

   Substituted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(e)

   Pub. L. 102–237 substituted “program” for “Program”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 102–237 substituted “program” for “Program”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   SEC. 1002. AGRICULTURAL FELLOWSHIPS. Section 1543(e) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 3293; 104 Stat. 3694) is amended by striking “Program” and inserting “program”.

3. 1992

   Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992

   Pub. L. 102–511 § 705(a)(1) · 106 Stat. 3320

   Struck and inserted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(a)

   Pub. L. 102–511, § 705(a)(1), struck out “middle income countries and emerging democracies” after “fellowship program for” and inserted “(as determined under subsection (b))” after “eligible countries”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–511, § 705(a)(1), struck out “middle income countries and emerging democracies” after “fellowship program for” and inserted “(as determined under subsection (b))” after “eligible countries”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) in subsection (a) by striking “middle income countries and emerging democracies” and by inserting “(as determined under subsection (b))” after “eligible countries”, and

4. 1992

   Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992

   Pub. L. 102–511 § 705(a)(2) · 106 Stat. 3320

   1. Substituted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(b)

      Pub. L. 102–511, § 705(a)(2), substituted “described in any of the following paragraphs” for “that meet the following requirements” in introductory provisions

   2. Added · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(b)

      Pub. L. 102–511, § 705(a)(2), added par. (4)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–511, § 705(a)(2), substituted “described in any of the following paragraphs” for “that meet the following requirements” in introductory provisions and added par. (4).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (2) in subsection (b)— (A) by striking “that meet the following requirements” in the text preceding paragraph (1) and inserting “described in any of the following paragraphs”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(4) Independent states of the former soviet union.— A country that is an independent state of the former Soviet Union (as defined in section 102(8) of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602(8)), to the extent that the Secretary of Agriculture determines that such country should be eligible to participate in the program established under this section.”.

5. 1992

   Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992

   Pub. L. 102–511 § 705(b) · 106 Stat. 3320

   Inserted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(d)

   Pub. L. 102–511, § 705(b), inserted at end “The Secretary may provide fellowships under the program authorized by this section to private agricultural producers from eligible countries.”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 102–511, § 705(b), inserted at end “The Secretary may provide fellowships under the program authorized by this section to private agricultural producers from eligible countries.”

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (b) Individuals Who May Receive Fellowships.— Section 1543(d) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 3293(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “The Secretary may provide fellowships under the program authorized by this section to private agricultural producers from eligible countries.”.

6. 1996

   Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996

   Pub. L. 104–127 § 277(b)(1) · 110 Stat. 888

   Substituted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293

   Pub. L. 104–127, § 277(b)(1), in section catchline, substituted “middle income countries, emerging democracies, and emerging markets” for “middle income countries and emerging democracies”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 104–127, § 277(b)(1), in section catchline, substituted “middle income countries, emerging democracies, and emerging markets” for “middle income countries and emerging democracies”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) in the section heading, by striking “MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES AND EMERGING DEMOCRACIES” and inserting “MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES, EMERGING DEMOCRACIES, AND EMERGING MARKETS”;

7. 1996

   Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996

   Pub. L. 104–127 § 277(b)(2) · 110 Stat. 888

   Added · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(b)(5)

   Pub. L. 104–127, § 277(b)(2), added par. (5)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 104–127, § 277(b)(2), added par. (5).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (2) in subsection (b), by adding at the end the following: “(5) Emerging market.— Any emerging market, as defined in section 1542(f).”; and

8. 1996

   Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996

   Pub. L. 104–127 § 277(b)(3) · 110 Stat. 888

   Substituted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(c)(1)

   Pub. L. 104–127, § 277(b)(3), substituted “food and fiber needs” for “food needs”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 104–127, § 277(b)(3), substituted “food and fiber needs” for “food needs”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (3) in subsection (c)(1), by striking “food needs” and inserting “food and fiber needs”.

9. 2018

   Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018

   Pub. L. 115–334 § 3305(1) · 132 Stat. 4490

   1. Substituted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(a)

      Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(1), substituted “for study—” for “for study in the United States.”

   2. Added · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(a)

      Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(1), added pars. (1) and (2)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(1), substituted “for study—” for “for study in the United States.” and added pars. (1) and (2).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) in subsection (a), by striking “for study in the United States.” and inserting the following: “for study— “(1) in the United States; or “(2) at a college or university located in an eligible country that the Secretary determines— “(A) has sufficient scientific and technical facilities; “(B) has established a partnership with at least one college or university in the United States; and “(C) has substantial participation by faculty members of the United States college or university in the design of the fellowship curriculum and classroom instruction under the fellowship.” ;

10. 2018

    Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–334 § 3201(b)(3)(B) · 132 Stat. 4490

    Substituted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(b)(5)

    Pub. L. 115–334, § 3201(b)(3)(B), substituted “section 1542(e)” for “section 1542(f)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3201(b)(3)(B), substituted “section 1542(e)” for “section 1542(f)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) Section 1543(b)(5) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 3293(b)(5)) is amended by striking “section 1542(f)” and inserting “section 1542(e)”.

11. 2018

    Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–334 § 3305(2)(A) · 132 Stat. 4490

    Inserted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(c)(1)

    Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(2)(A), inserted “(which may include agricultural extension services)” after “agricultural systems”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(2)(A), inserted “(which may include agricultural extension services)” after “agricultural systems”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting “(which may include agricultural extension services)” after “systems”; and

12. 2018

    Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–334 § 3305(2)(B) · 132 Stat. 4490

    1. Inserted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(c)(2)

       Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(2)(B), inserted dash after “enhance” and subpar. (A) designation before “trade”

    2. Added · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(c)(2)

       Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(2)(B), added subpar. (B)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(2)(B), inserted dash after “enhance” and subpar. (A) designation before “trade” and added subpar. (B).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) in paragraph (2)— (i) by striking “enhance trade” and inserting the following: “enhance— “(A) trade” ; (ii) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated) by striking the period at the end and inserting “; or”; and (iii) by adding at the end the following: “(B) linkages between agricultural interests in the United States and regulatory systems governing sanitary and phytosanitary standards for agricultural products that— “(i) may enter the United States; and “(ii) may pose risks to human, animal, or plant life or health.” ; and

13. 2018

    Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–334 § 3305(3)(A) · 132 Stat. 4490

    Substituted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(f)(1)

    Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(3)(A), substituted “$4,000,000” for “$3,000,000”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(3)(A), substituted “$4,000,000” for “$3,000,000”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking “$3,000,000” and inserting “$4,000,000”;

14. 2018

    Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–334 § 3305(3)(B) · 132 Stat. 4490

    Substituted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(f)(2)

    Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(3)(B), substituted “$3,000,000” for “$2,000,000”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(3)(B), substituted “$3,000,000” for “$2,000,000”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking “$2,000,000” and inserting “$3,000,000”; and

15. 2018

    Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–334 § 3305(3)(C) · 132 Stat. 4490

    Substituted · 7 U.S.C. § 3293(f)(3)

    Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(3)(C), substituted “$6,000,000” for “$5,000,000”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 115–334, § 3305(3)(C), substituted “$6,000,000” for “$5,000,000”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (C) in paragraph (3), by striking “$5,000,000” and inserting “$6,000,000”.

18 of 18 references resolved to an enrolled provision