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Title 10 — Armed Forces

Part I · Chapter 1007 — Administration of Reserve Components

§ 10218. Army and Air Force Reserve technicians: conditions for retention; mandatory retirement under civil service laws

Statutory text

(a)

Separation and Retirement of Military Technicians (Dual Status).—

(1)

An individual employed by the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a military technician (dual status) who after , loses dual status is subject to paragraph (2) or (3), as the case may be.

(2)

If a technician described in paragraph (1) is eligible at the time dual status is lost for an unreduced annuity and is age 60 or older at that time, the technician shall be separated not later than 30 days after the date on which dual status is lost.

(3)
(A)

If a technician described in paragraph (1) is not eligible at the time dual status is lost for an unreduced annuity or is under age 60 at that time, the technician shall be offered the opportunity to—

(i)

reapply for, and if qualified may be appointed to, a position as a military technician (dual status); or

(ii)

apply for a civil service position that is not a technician position.

(B)

If such a technician continues employment with the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a non-dual status technician, the technician—

(i)

shall not be permitted, after , to apply for any voluntary personnel action; and

(ii)

shall be separated or retired—

(I)

in the case of a technician first hired as a military technician (dual status) on or before , not later than 30 days after becoming eligible for an unreduced annuity and becoming 60 years of age; and

(II)

in the case of a technician first hired as a military technician (dual status) after , not later than one year after the date on which dual status is lost.

(4)

For purposes of this subsection, a military technician is considered to lose dual status upon—

(A)

being separated from the Selected Reserve; or

(B)

ceasing to hold the military grade specified by the Secretary concerned for the position held by the technician.

(b)

Non-Dual Status Technicians.—

(1)

An individual who on , is employed by the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a non-dual status technician and who on that date is eligible for an unreduced annuity and is age 60 or older shall be separated not later than .

(2)
(A)

An individual who on , is employed by the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a non-dual status technician and who on that date is not eligible for an unreduced annuity or is under age 60 shall be offered the opportunity to—

(i)

reapply for, and if qualified be appointed to, a position as a military technician (dual status); or

(ii)

apply for a civil service position that is not a technician position.

(B)

If such a technician continues employment with the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a non-dual status technician, the technician—

(i)

shall not be permitted, after , to apply for any voluntary personnel action; and

(ii)

shall be separated or retired—

(I)

in the case of a technician first hired as a technician on or before , and who on , is a non-dual status technician, not later than 30 days after becoming eligible for an unreduced annuity and becoming 60 years of age; and

(II)

in the case of a technician first hired as a technician after , and who on , is a non-dual status technician, not later than one year after the date on which dual status is lost.

(3)

An individual employed by the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a non-dual status technician who is ineligible for appointment to a military technician (dual status) position, or who decides not to apply for appointment to such a position, or who, during the period beginning on , and ending on , is not appointed to such a position, shall for reduction-in-force purposes be in a separate competitive category from employees who are military technicians (dual status).

(c)

Unreduced Annuity Defined.—

For purposes of this section, a technician shall be considered to be eligible for an unreduced annuity if the technician is eligible for an annuity under section 8336, 8412, or 8414 of title 5 that is not subject to a reduction by reason of the age or years of service of the technician.

(d)

Voluntary Personnel Action Defined.—

In this section, the term “voluntary personnel action”, with respect to a non-dual status technician, means any of the following:

(1)

The hiring, entry, appointment, reassignment, promotion, or transfer of the technician into a position for which the Secretary concerned has established a requirement that the person occupying the position be a military technician (dual status).

(2)

Promotion to a higher grade if the technician is in a position for which the Secretary concerned has established a requirement that the person occupying the position be a military technician (dual status).

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. Pub. L. 106–65 div. A title V § 522(a)(1) · 113 Stat. 512

    Enacted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218

    Added Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 522(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 595

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    Added Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 522(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 595

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) Chapter 1007 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new section: “§ 10218. Army and Air Force Reserve technicians: conditions for retention; mandatory retirement under civil service laws “(a) Separation and Retirement of Military Technicians (Dual Status).— (1) An individual employed by the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a military technician (dual status) who after the date of the enactment of this section loses dual status is subject to paragraph (2) or (3), as the case may be. “(2) If a technician described in paragraph (1) is eligible at the time dual status is lost for an unreduced annuity, the technician shall be separated not later than 30 days after the date on which dual status is lost. “(3) (A) If a technician described in paragraph (1) is not eligible at the time dual status is lost for an unreduced annuity, the technician shall be offered the opportunity to— “(i) reapply for, and if qualified be appointed to, a position as a military technician (dual status); or “(ii) apply for a civil service position that is not a technician position. “(B) If such a technician continues employment with the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a non-dual status technician, the technician— “(i) shall not be permitted, after the end of the one-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this subsection, to apply for any voluntary personnel action; and “(ii) shall be separated or retired— “(I) in the case of a technician first hired as a military technician (dual status) on or before February 10, 1996, not later than 30 days after becoming eligible for an unreduced annuity; and “(II) in the case of a technician first hired as a military technician (dual status) after February 10, 1996, not later than one year after the date on which dual status is lost. “(4) For purposes of this subsection, a military technician is considered to lose dual status upon— “(A) being separated from the Selected Reserve; or “(B) ceasing to hold the military grade specified by the Secretary concerned for the position held by the technician. “(b) Non-Dual Status Technicians.— (1) An individual who on the date of the enactment of this section is employed by the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a non-dual status technician and who on that date is eligible for an unreduced annuity shall be separated not later than six months after the date of the enactment of this section. “(2) (A) An individual who on the date of the enactment of this section is employed by the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a non-dual status technician and who on that date is not eligible for an unreduced annuity shall be offered the opportunity to— “(i) reapply for, and if qualified be appointed to, a position as a military technician (dual status); or “(ii) apply for a civil service position that is not a technician position. “(B) If such a technician continues employment with the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a non-dual status technician, the technician— “(i) shall not be permitted, after the end of the one-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this subsection, to apply for any voluntary personnel action; and “(ii) shall be separated or retired— “(I) in the case of a technician first hired as a technician on or before February 10, 1996, and who on the date of the enactment of this section is a non-dual status technician, not later than 30 days after becoming eligible for an unreduced annuity; and “(II) in the case of a technician first hired as a technician after February 10, 1996, and who on the date of the enactment of this section is a non-dual status technician, not later than one year after the date on which dual status is lost. “(3) An individual employed by the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve as a non-dual status technician who is ineligible for appointment to a military technician (dual status) position, or who decides not to apply for appointment to such a position, or who, within six months of the date of the enactment of this section is not appointed to such a position, shall for reduction-in-force purposes be in a separate competitive category from employees who are military technicians (dual status). “(c) Unreduced Annuity Defined.— For purposes of this section, a technician shall be considered to be eligible for an unreduced annuity if the technician is eligible for an annuity under section 8336, 8412, or 8414 of title 5 that is not subject to a reduction by reason of the age or years of service of the technician. “(d) Voluntary Personnel Action Defined.— In this section, the term ‘voluntary personnel action’, with respect to a non-dual status technician, means any of the following: “(1) The hiring, entry, appointment, reassignment, promotion, or transfer of the technician into a position for which the Secretary concerned has established a requirement that the person occupying the position be a military technician (dual status). “(2) Promotion to a higher grade if the technician is in a position for which the Secretary concerned has established a requirement that the person occupying the position be a military technician (dual status).”.

  2. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(a)(1)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A)], substituted “October 5, 1999,” for “the date of the enactment of this section”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A)], substituted “October 5, 1999,” for “the date of the enactment of this section”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  3. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Inserted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(a)(2)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(1)(A)], inserted “and is age 60 or older at that time” after “unreduced annuity”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(1)(A)], inserted “and is age 60 or older at that time” after “unreduced annuity”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  4. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Inserted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(a)(3)(A)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(1)(B)], inserted “or is under age 60 at that time” after “unreduced annuity” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3)(A). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(1)(B)], inserted “or is under age 60 at that time” after “unreduced annuity” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  5. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(a)(3)(B)(i)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(B)], substituted “October 5, 2000” for “the end of the one-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this subsection”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3)(B)(i). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(B)], substituted “October 5, 2000” for “the end of the one-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this subsection”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  6. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Inserted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(a)(3)(B)(ii)(I)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(1)(C)], inserted “and becoming 60 years of age” after “unreduced annuity”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3)(B)(ii)(I). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(1)(C)], inserted “and becoming 60 years of age” after “unreduced annuity”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  7. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    1. Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(b)(1)

      Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A), (C)], substituted “October 5, 1999,” for “the date of the enactment of this section”

    2. Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(b)(1)

      Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A), (C)], substituted “April 5, 2000” for “six months after the date of the enactment of this section”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A), (C)], substituted “October 5, 1999,” for “the date of the enactment of this section” and “April 5, 2000” for “six months after the date of the enactment of this section”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  8. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Inserted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(b)(1)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(2)(A)], inserted “and is age 60 or older” after “unreduced annuity”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(2)(A)], inserted “and is age 60 or older” after “unreduced annuity”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  9. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(b)(2)(A)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A)], substituted “October 5, 1999,” for “the date of the enactment of this section” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A)], substituted “October 5, 1999,” for “the date of the enactment of this section” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  10. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Inserted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(b)(2)(A)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(2)(B)], inserted “or is under age 60” after “unreduced annuity” in introductory provisions

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(2)(B)], inserted “or is under age 60” after “unreduced annuity” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  11. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(b)(2)(B)(i)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(B)], substituted “October 5, 2000” for “the end of the one-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this subsection”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2)(B)(i). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(B)], substituted “October 5, 2000” for “the end of the one-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this subsection”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  12. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(b)(2)(B)(ii)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A)], substituted “October 5, 1999,” for “the date of the enactment of this section” in subcls. (I) and (II)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A)], substituted “October 5, 1999,” for “the date of the enactment of this section” in subcls. (I) and (II).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  13. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Inserted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(b)(2)(B)(ii)(I)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(2)(C)], inserted “and becoming 60 years of age” after “unreduced annuity”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2)(B)(ii)(I). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(2)(C)], inserted “and becoming 60 years of age” after “unreduced annuity”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  14. Pub. L. 106–398 § 1(dA) · 114 Stat. 1654

    Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(b)(3)

    Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(D)], substituted “during the period beginning on October 5, 1999, and ending on April 5, 2000,” for “within six months of the date of the enactment of this section”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(D)], substituted “during the period beginning on October 5, 1999, and ending on April 5, 2000,” for “within six months of the date of the enactment of this section”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SECTION 1. ENACTMENT OF FISCAL YEAR 2001 NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT. The provisions of H.R. 5408 of the 106th Congress, as introduced on October 6, 2000, are hereby enacted into law.

  15. National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012

    Pub. L. 112–81 div. A title V § 514(b) · 125 Stat. 1298

    Substituted · 10 U.S.C. § 10218(a)(3)(A)(i)

    Pub. L. 112–81 substituted “if qualified may be appointed” for “if qualified be appointed”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(i). Pub. L. 112–81 substituted “if qualified may be appointed” for “if qualified be appointed”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Conforming Amendment.— Section 10218(a)(3)(A)(i) of such title is amended by striking “if qualified be appointed” and inserting “if qualified may be appointed”.

16 of 16 references resolved to an enrolled provision

Editorial Notes

Amendments2000–2011 · 2 rounds

2011

Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(i). Pub. L. 112–81 substituted “if qualified may be appointed” for “if qualified be appointed”.

2000

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A)], substituted “,” for “the date of the enactment of this section”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(1)(A)], inserted “and is age 60 or older at that time” after “unreduced annuity”.

Subsec. (a)(3)(A). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(1)(B)], inserted “or is under age 60 at that time” after “unreduced annuity” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(3)(B)(i). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(B)], substituted “” for “the end of the one-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this subsection”.

Subsec. (a)(3)(B)(ii)(I). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(1)(C)], inserted “and becoming 60 years of age” after “unreduced annuity”.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A), (C)], substituted “,” for “the date of the enactment of this section” and “” for “six months after the date of the enactment of this section”.

Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(2)(A)], inserted “and is age 60 or older” after “unreduced annuity”.

Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A)], substituted “,” for “the date of the enactment of this section” in introductory provisions.

Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(2)(B)], inserted “or is under age 60” after “unreduced annuity” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(2)(B)(i). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(B)], substituted “” for “the end of the one-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this subsection”.

Subsec. (b)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(A)], substituted “,” for “the date of the enactment of this section” in subcls. (I) and (II).

Subsec. (b)(2)(B)(ii)(I). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a)(2)(C)], inserted “and becoming 60 years of age” after “unreduced annuity”.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title X, § 1087(a)(20)(D)], substituted “during the period beginning on , and ending on ,” for “within six months of the date of the enactment of this section”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Transition Provision

Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(b)], , 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–109, as amended by Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title X, § 1048(f)(1), , 115 Stat. 1228, provided that:

“(1)

An individual who before the date of the enactment of this Act [] was involuntarily separated or retired from employment as an Army Reserve or Air Force Reserve technician under section 10218 of title 10, United States Code, and who would not have been so separated if the provisions of subsections (a) and (b) of that section, as amended by subsection (a), had been in effect at the time of such separation may, with the approval of the Secretary concerned, be reinstated to the technician status held by that individual immediately before that separation. The effective date of any such reinstatement is the date the employee resumes technician status.

“(2)

The authority under paragraph (1) applies only to reinstatement for which an application is received by the Secretary concerned before the end of the one-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [].”

Temporary Provision for Extension of Time for Separation or Retirement

Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 522(a)(3), , 113 Stat. 597, provided that: “During the six-month period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [], the provisions of subsections (a)(3)(B)(ii)(I) and (b)(2)(B)(ii)(I) of section 10218 of title 10, United States Code, as added by paragraph (1), shall be applied by substituting ‘six months’ for ‘30 days’.”

Credits

1999–2011 · 3 acts
  1. 1999Added Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 522(a)(1), , 113 Stat. 595
  2. 2000amended Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a), title X, § 1087(a)(20)], , 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–108, 1654A–291
  3. 2011Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title V, § 514(b), , 125 Stat. 1394.
Show as published

(Added Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 522(a)(1), , 113 Stat. 595; amended Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 525(a), title X, § 1087(a)(20)], , 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–108, 1654A–291; Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title V, § 514(b), , 125 Stat. 1394.)

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