§ 1751. Presidential and Presidential staff assassination, kidnapping, and assault; penalties

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1965

   Pub. L. 89–141 § 1 · 79 Stat. 580

   Enacted · 18 U.S.C. § 1751

   Added Pub. L. 89–141, § 1, Aug. 28, 1965, 79 Stat. 580

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Added Pub. L. 89–141, § 1, Aug. 28, 1965, 79 Stat. 580

2. 1982

   Pub. L. 97–285 § 4(a) · 96 Stat. 1219

   Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 1751

   Pub. L. 97–285, § 4(a), inserted “and Presidential staff” after “Presidential” in section catchline

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 97–285, § 4(a), inserted “and Presidential staff” after “Presidential” in section catchline.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) The section heading of section 1751 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended to read as follows: “§ 1751. Presidential and Presidential staff assassination, kidnaping, and assault; penalties”.

3. 1982

   Pub. L. 97–285 § 3(a) · 96 Stat. 1219

   Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(a)

   Pub. L. 97–285, § 3(a), inserted “(1)” after “Whoever kills” and “or (2) any person appointed under section 105(a)(2)(A) of title 3 employed in the Executive Office of the President or appointed under section 106(a)(1)(A) of title 3 employed in the Office of the Vice President,” after “laws of the United States”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–285, § 3(a), inserted “(1)” after “Whoever kills” and “or (2) any person appointed under section 105(a)(2)(A) of title 3 employed in the Executive Office of the President or appointed under section 106(a)(1)(A) of title 3 employed in the Office of the Vice President,” after “laws of the United States”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) Subsection (a) of section 1751 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended to read as follows: “(a) Whoever kills (1) any individual who is the President of the United States, the President-elect, the Vice President, or, if there is no Vice President, the officer next in the order of succession to the Office of the President of the United States, the Vice President-elect, or any person who is acting as President under the Constitution and laws of the United States, or (2) any person appointed under section 3 USC 105. 3 USC 106. 105(a)(2)(A) of title 3 employed in the Executive Office of the President or appointed under section 106(a)(1)(A) of title 3 employed in the Office of the Vice President, shall be punished as provided by 18 USC 1111, 1112. sections 1111 and 1112 of this title.”.

4. 1982

   Pub. L. 97–285 § 3(b) · 96 Stat. 1219

   1. Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(e)

      Pub. L. 97–285, § 3(b), substituted “(a)(1)” for “(a)”

   2. Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(e)

      Pub. L. 97–285, § 3(b), inserted provision that whoever assaults any person designated in subsec. (a)(2) of this section shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both; and if personal injury results, shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–285, § 3(b), substituted “(a)(1)” for “(a)” and inserted provision that whoever assaults any person designated in subsec. (a)(2) of this section shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both; and if personal injury results, shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (b) Subsection (e) of section 1751 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended to read as follows: “(e) Whoever assaults any person designated in subsection (a)(1) Fines or imprisonment. shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both. Whoever assaults any person designated in subsection (a)(2) shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both; and if personal injury results, shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both.”.

5. 1982

   Pub. L. 97–285 § 3(c) · 96 Stat. 1219

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(g)

   Pub. L. 97–285, § 3(c), substituted “subsection (a)(1)” for “this section” after “a violation of”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 97–285, § 3(c), substituted “subsection (a)(1)” for “this section” after “a violation of”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (c) Subsection (g) of section 1751 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by striking out “this section” and inserting in lieu thereof “subsection (a)(1)”.

6. 1982

   Pub. L. 97–285 § 3(d) · 96 Stat. 1219

   Added · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(j); 18 U.S.C. § 1751(k)

   Pub. L. 97–285, § 3(d), added subsecs. (j) and (k)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsecs. (j), (k). Pub. L. 97–285, § 3(d), added subsecs. (j) and (k).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (d) Section 1751 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by adding at the end the following: “(j) In a prosecution for an offense under this section the Government need not prove that the defendant knew that the victim of the offense was an official protected by this section. “(k) There is extraterritorial jurisdiction over the conduct prohibited by this section.”.

7. 1994

   Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

   Pub. L. 103–322 § 330021(1) · 108 Stat. 1796

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 1751

   Pub. L. 103–322, § 330021(1), substituted “kidnapping” for “kidnaping” in section catchline

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 103–322, § 330021(1), substituted “kidnapping” for “kidnaping” in section catchline.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) by striking “kidnaping” each place it appears and inserting “kidnapping”; and

8. 1994

   Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

   Pub. L. 103–322 § 330016(1)(K) · 108 Stat. 1796

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(e)

   Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(K), substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $5,000” after “subsection (a)(2) shall be”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(K), substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $5,000” after “subsection (a)(2) shall be”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (K) in sections 35, 81, 112, 152, 153, 155, 212, 213, 214, 285, 334, 351, 435, 436, 438, 471, 472, 473, 476, 477, 478, 481, 485, 487, 488, 497, 498, 505, 506, 508, 509, 541, 542, 543, 544, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 592, 593, 602, 603, 606, 607, 642, 655, 658, 659, 660, 661, 663, 751, 799, 844, 872, 874, 875, 876, 877, 878, 914, 915, 924, 953, 954, 956, 1004, 1010, 1011, 1015, 1017, 1025, 1028, 1071, 1073, 1074, 1163, 1169, 1231, 1265, 1363, 1421, 1422, 1423, 1424, 1425, 1426, 1427, 1428, 1429, 1461, 1462, 1463, 1465, 1503, 1505, 1506, 1507, 1510, 1581, 1582, 1583, 1584, 1585, 1588, 1658, 1659, 1717, 1732, 1735, 1737, 1751, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1915, 1991, 2072, 2073, 2113, 2217, 2152, 2197, 2231, 2244, 2314, 2316, 2317, 2344, and 2701 by striking “not more than $5,000” each place it appears and inserting “under this title”;

9. 1994

   Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

   Pub. L. 103–322 § 330016(1)(L) · 108 Stat. 1796

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(e)

   Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(L), substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $10,000” after “subsection (a)(1) shall be” and after “results, shall be”

   Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(L), substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $10,000” after “subsection (a)(1) shall be” and after “results, shall be”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (L) in sections 33, 224, 231, 241, 245, 246, 286, 289, 332, 335, 337, 351, 371, 437, 440, 441, 493, 496, 500, 510, 545, 595, 599, 600, 601, 641, 664, 665, 667, 757, 792, 793, 798, 844, 892, 893, 894, 924, 952, 955, 962, 963, 964, 965, 966, 967, 970, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1019, 1020, 1022, 1023, 1027, 1082, 1084, 1115, 1202, 1361, 1362, 1364, 1365, 1385, 1461, 1462, 1464, 1587, 1623, 1654, 1656, 1735, 1737, 1751, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1910, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1958, 1992, 2101, 2113, 2153, 2154, 2155, 2156, 2231, 2232, 2271, 2274, 2275, 2314, 2315, 2383, 2386, 2387, 2388, and 2512 by striking “not more than $10,000” each place it appears and inserting “under this title”;

10. 1994

    Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

    Pub. L. 103–322 § 320101(e)(3) · 108 Stat. 1796

    Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(e)

    Pub. L. 103–322, § 320101(e)(3), inserted “the assault involved the use of a dangerous weapon, or” before “personal injury results”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 103–322, § 320101(e)(3), inserted “the assault involved the use of a dangerous weapon, or” before “personal injury results”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) by inserting “the assault involved the use of a dangerous weapon, or” after “if”.

11. 1994

    Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

    Pub. L. 103–322 § 320101(e)(2) · 108 Stat. 1796

    Repealed · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(e)

    Pub. L. 103–322, § 320101(e)(2), which provided for amendment identical to Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(K), above, was repealed by Pub. L. 104–294, § 604(b)(12)(D)

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 103–322, § 320101(e)(2), which provided for amendment identical to Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(K), above, was repealed by Pub. L. 104–294, § 604(b)(12)(D).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) by striking “not more than $5,000,” and inserting “under this title,”; and

12. 1994

    Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

    Pub. L. 103–322 § 320101(e)(1) · 108 Stat. 1796

    Repealed · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(e)

    Pub. L. 103–322, § 320101(e)(1), which provided for amendment identical to Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(L), above, was repealed by Pub. L. 104–294, § 604(b)(12)(D)

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 103–322, § 320101(e)(1), which provided for amendment identical to Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(L), above, was repealed by Pub. L. 104–294, § 604(b)(12)(D).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by striking “not more than $10,000,” both places it appears and inserting “under this title,”;

13. 1996

    Economic Espionage Act of 1996

    Pub. L. 104–294 § 604(b)(12)(D) · 110 Stat. 3488

    Repealed · 18 U.S.C. § 1751(e)

    Pub. L. 104–294, § 604(b)(12)(D), repealed Pub. L. 103–322, § 320101(e)(1), (2). See 1994 Amendment notes below

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 104–294, § 604(b)(12)(D), repealed Pub. L. 103–322, § 320101(e)(1), (2). See 1994 Amendment notes below.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (D) in subsection (e), by striking paragraphs (1) and (2).

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 104–294 effective Sept. 13, 1994, see section 604(d) of Pub. L. 104–294, set out as a note under section 13 of this title.

13 of 14 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial