§ 2331. Definitions

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1992

   Federal Courts Administration Act of 1992

   Pub. L. 102–572 title X § 1003(a)(3) · 106 Stat. 4506

   Enacted · 18 U.S.C. § 2331

   Added Pub. L. 102–572, title X, § 1003(a)(3), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4521

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Added Pub. L. 102–572, title X, § 1003(a)(3), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4521

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (3) by inserting before section 2332 as redesignated the following: “§2331. Definitions “As used in this chapter— “(1) the term International terrorism’ means activities that— “(A) involve violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any State, or that would be a criminal violation if committed within the jurisdiction of the United States or of any State; “(B) appear to be intended— “(i) to intimidate or coerce a civilian population; “(ii) to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion; or “(iii) to affect the conduct of a government by assassination or kidnapping; and “(C) occur primarily outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United States, or transcend national boundaries in terms of the means by which they are accomplished, the persons they appear intended to intimidate or coerce, or the locale in which their perpetrators operate or seek asylum; “(2) the term ‘national of the United States’ has the meaning given such term in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act; “(3) the term ‘person’ means any individual or entity capable of holding a legal or beneficial interest in property; and “(4) the term ‘act of war’ means any act occurring in the course of— “(A) declared war, “(B) armed conflict, whether or not war has been declared, between two or more nations; or “(C) armed conflict between military forces of any origin.”;

2. 2001

   Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001

   Pub. L. 107–56 § 802(a)(1) · 115 Stat. 272

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 2331(1)(B)(iii)

   Pub. L. 107–56, § 802(a)(1), substituted “by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping” for “by assassination or kidnapping”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Par. (1)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 107–56, § 802(a)(1), substituted “by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping” for “by assassination or kidnapping”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) in paragraph (1)(B)(iii), by striking “by assassination or kidnapping” and inserting “by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping”;

3. 2001

   Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001

   Pub. L. 107–56 § 802(a)(2) · 115 Stat. 272

   Added · 18 U.S.C. § 2331(5)

   Pub. L. 107–56, § 802(a)(2)–(4), added par. (5)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Par. (5). Pub. L. 107–56, § 802(a)(2)–(4), added par. (5).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (2) in paragraph (3), by striking “and”;

4. 2018

   Anti-Terrorism Clarification Act of 2018

   Pub. L. 115–253 § 2(a) · 132 Stat. 3183

   Added · 18 U.S.C. § 2331(6)

   Pub. L. 115–253 added par. (6)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Par. (6). Pub. L. 115–253 added par. (6).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) In General.— Section 2331 of title 18, United States Code, is amended— (1) in paragraph (4), by striking “and” at the end; (2) in paragraph (5), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(6) the term ‘military force’ does not include any person that— “(A) has been designated as a— “(i) foreign terrorist organization by the Secretary of State under section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189); or “(ii) specially designated global terrorist (as such term is defined in section 594.310 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations) by the Secretary of State or the Secretary of the Treasury; or “(B) has been determined by the court to not be a ‘military force’.” .

   Effective date note
   Pub. L. 115–253, § 2(b), Oct. 3, 2018, 132 Stat. 3183, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to any civil action pending on or commenced after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 3, 2018].”

4 of 4 references resolved to an enrolled provision