§ 831. Prohibited transactions involving nuclear materials

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1982

   Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material Implementation Act of 1982

   Pub. L. 97–351 § 2(a) · 96 Stat. 1663

   Enacted · 18 U.S.C. § 831

   Added Pub. L. 97–351, § 2(a), Oct. 18, 1982, 96 Stat. 1663

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Added Pub. L. 97–351, § 2(a), Oct. 18, 1982, 96 Stat. 1663

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) Chapter 39 of title 18 of the United States Code is amended by inserting after the table of sections at the beginning of such chapter the following new section: “§ 831. Prohibited transactions involving nuclear materials “(a) Whoever, if one of the circumstances described in subsection (c) of this section occurs— “(1) without lawful authority, intentionally receives, possesses, uses, transfers, alters, disposes of, or disperses any nuclear material and— “(A) thereby knowingly causes the death of or serious bodily injury to any person or substantial damage to property; or “(B) knows that circumstances exist which are likely to cause the death of or serious bodily injury to any person or substantial damage to property; “(2) with intent to deprive another of nuclear material, knowingly— “(A) takes and carries away nuclear material of another without authority; “(B) makes an unauthorized use, disposition, or transfer, of nuclear material belonging to another; or “(C) uses fraud and thereby obtains nuclear material belonging to another; “(3) knowingly— “(A) uses force; or “(B) threatens or places another in fear that any person other than the actor will imminently be subject to bodily injury; and thereby takes nuclear material belonging to another from the person or presence of any other; “(4) intentionally intimidates any person and thereby obtains nuclear material belonging to another; “(5) with intent to compel any person, international organization, or governmental entity to do or refrain from doing any act, knowingly threatens to engage in conduct described in paragraph (2)(A) or (3) of this subsection; “(6) knowingly threatens to use nuclear material to cause death or serious bodily injury to any person or substantial damage to property under circumstances in which the threat may reasonably be understood as an expression of serious purposes; “(7) attempts to commit an offense under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4) of this subsection; or “(8) is a party to a conspiracy of two or more persons to commit an offense under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4) of this subsection, if any of the parties intentionally engages in any conduct in furtherance of such offense; shall be punished as provided in subsection (b) of this section. “(b) The punishment for an offense under— “(1) paragraphs (1) through (7) of subsection (a) of this section is— “(A) a fine of not more than $250,000; and “(B) imprisonment— “(i) for any term of years or for life (I) if, while committing the offense, the offender knowingly causes the death of any person; or (II) if, while committing an offense under paragraph (1) or (3) of subsection (a) of this section, the offender, under circumstances manifesting extreme indifference to the life of an individual, knowingly engages in any conduct and thereby recklessly causes the death of or serious bodily injury to any person; and “(ii) for not more than 20 years in any other case; and “(2) paragraph (8) of subsection (a) of this section is— “(A) a fine of not more than $250,000; and “(B) imprisonment— “(i) for not more than 20 years if the offense which is the object of the conspiracy is punishable under paragraph (1)(B)(i); and “(ii) for not more than 10 years in any other case. “(c) The circumstances referred to in subsection (a) of this section are that— “(1) the offense is committed in the United States or the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, or the special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States (as defined in section 101 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 1301)); “(2) the defendant is a national of the United States, as defined in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101); “(3) at the time of the offense the nuclear material is in use, storage, or transport, for peaceful purposes, and after the conduct required for the offense occurs the defendant is found in the United States, even if the conduct required for the offense occurs outside the United States; or “(4) the conduct required for the offense occurs with respect to the carriage of a consignment of nuclear material for peaceful purposes by any means of transportation intended to go beyond the territory of the state where the shipment originates begin-ning with the departure from a facility of the shipper in that state and ending with the arrival at a facility of the receiver within the state of ultimate destination and either of such states is the United States. “(d) The Attorney General may request assistance from the Secretary of Defense under chapter 18 of title 10 in the enforcement of 10 USC 371 et seq. this section and the Secretary of Defense may provide such assistance in accordance with chapter 18 of title 10, except that the Secretary of Defense may provide such assistance through any Department of Defense personnel. “(e) (1) The Attorney General may also request assistance from the Secretary of Defense under this subsection in the enforcement of this section. Notwithstanding section 1385 of this title, the Secretary 18 USC 1385. of Defense may, in accordance with other applicable law, provide such assistance to the Attorney General if— “(A) an emergency situation exists (as jointly determined by the Attorney General and the Secretary of Defense in their discretion); and “(B) the provision of such assistance will not adversely affect the military preparedness of the United States (as determined by the Secretary of Defense in such Secretary’s discretion). “(3) As used in this subsection, the term ‘emergency situation’ “Emergency situation.” means a circumstance— “(A) that poses a serious threat to the interests of the United States; and “(B) in which— “(i) enforcement of the law would be seriously impaired if the assistance were not provided; and “(ii) civilian law enforcement personnel are not capable of enforcing the law. “(4) Assistance under this section may include— “(A) use of personnel of the Department of Defense to arrest persons and conduct searches and seizures with respect to violations of this section; and “(B) such other activity as is incidental to the enforcement of this section, or to the protection of persons or property from conduct that violates this section. “(5) The Secretary of Defense may require reimbursement as a condition of assistance under this section. “(6) The Attorney General may delegate the Attorney General’s function under this subsection only to a Deputy, Associate, or Assistant Attorney General. “(f) As used in this section— “(1) the term ‘nuclear material’ means material containing any— “(A) plutonium with an isotopic concentration not in excess of 80 percent plutonium 238; “(B) uranium not in the form of ore or ore residue that contains the mixture of isotopes as occurring in nature; “(C) uranium that contains the isotope 233 or 235 or both in such amount that the abundance ratio of the sum of those isotopes to the isotope 238 is greater than the ratio of the isotope 235 to the isotope 238 occurring in nature; or “(D) uranium 238; “(2) the term ‘international organization’ means a public international organization designated as such pursuant to section 1 of the International Organizations Immunities Act (22 U.S.C. 288) or a public organization created pursuant to treaty or other agreement under international law as an instrument through or by which two or more foreign governments engage in some aspect of their conduct of international affairs; “(3) the term ‘serious bodily injury’ means bodily injury which involves— “(A) a substantial risk of death; “(B) extreme physical pain; “(C) protracted and obvious disfigurement; or “(D) protracted loss or impairment of the function of a bodily member, organ, or mental faculty; and “(4) the term ‘bodily injury’ means— “(A) a cut, abrasion, bruise, burn, or disfigurement; “(B) physical pain; “(C) illness; “(D) impairment of a function of a bodily member, organ, or mental faculty; or “(E) any other injury to the body, no matter how temporary.”.

2. 1988

   Minor and Technical Criminal Law Amendments Act of 1988

   Pub. L. 100–690 title VII § 7022 · 102 Stat. 4181

   Redesignated · 18 U.S.C. § 831(e)(2)(6)

   Pub. L. 100–690 redesignated pars. (3) to (6) as (2) to (5), respectively

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (e)(2) to (6). Pub. L. 100–690 redesignated pars. (3) to (6) as (2) to (5), respectively.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   SEC. 7022. REDESIGNATION OF PARAGRAPHS IN SECTION 831. Paragraphs (3) through (6) of section 831(e) of title 18, United States Code, are redesignated as paragraphs (2) through (5), respectively.

3. 1994

   Pub. L. 103–272 § 5(e)(6) · 108 Stat. 745

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(c)(1)

   Pub. L. 103–272 substituted “section 46501 of title 49” for “section 101 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 1301)”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted “section 46501 of title 49” for “section 101 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 1301)”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (6) In section 831(c)(1), strike “section 101 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 1301)” and substitute “section 46501 of title 49”.

4. 1994

   Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

   Pub. L. 103–322 title XXXIII § 330016(2)(C) · 108 Stat. 1796

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(b)(1)(A); 18 U.S.C. § 831(b)(2)(A)

   Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fine of not more than $250,000”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(1)(A), (2)(A). Pub. L. 103–322 substituted “fined under this title” for “fine of not more than $250,000”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (C) in sections 115, 513, 709, 831, 1366, 1511 and 1959 by striking “of not more than” through the immediately following dollar amount each place it appears and inserting “under this title”;

5. 1996

   Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(1)(A) · 110 Stat. 1214

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(a)

   Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(A), substituted “nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material” for “nuclear material” wherever appearing

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(A), substituted “nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material” for “nuclear material” wherever appearing.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (A) by striking “nuclear material” each place it appears and inserting “nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material”;

6. 1996

   Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(1)(B)(i) · 110 Stat. 1214

   Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(a)(1)(A)

   Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(B)(i), inserted “or to the environment” after “damage to property”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(B)(i), inserted “or to the environment” after “damage to property”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting “or to the environment” after “property”; and

7. 1996

   Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(1)(B)(ii) · 110 Stat. 1214

   Amended · 18 U.S.C. § 831(a)(1)(B)

   Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(B)(ii), amended subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as follows: “knows that circumstances exist which are likely to cause the death of or serious bodily injury to any person or substantial damage to property;”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(B)(ii), amended subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as follows: “knows that circumstances exist which are likely to cause the death of or serious bodily injury to any person or substantial damage to property;”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (ii) so that subparagraph (B) reads as follows: “(B) circumstances exist, or have been represented to the defendant to exist, that are likely to cause the death or serious bodily injury to any person, or substantial damage to property or to the environment;”; and

8. 1996

   Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(1)(C) · 110 Stat. 1214

   Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(a)(6)

   Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(C), inserted “or to the environment” after “damage to property”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(1)(C), inserted “or to the environment” after “damage to property”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (C) in paragraph (6), by inserting “or to the environment” after “property”;

9. 1996

   Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(2)(A) · 110 Stat. 1214

   Amended · 18 U.S.C. § 831(c)(2)

   Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(A), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “the defendant is a national of the United States, as defined in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101);”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(A), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “the defendant is a national of the United States, as defined in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101);”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (A) so that paragraph (2) reads as follows: “(2) an offender or a victim is— “(A) a national of the United States; or “(B) a United States corporation or other legal entity ”;

10. 1996

    Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(2)(B) · 110 Stat. 1214

    1. Struck · 18 U.S.C. § 831(c)(3)

       Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(B), struck out “at the time of the offense the nuclear material is in use, storage, or transport, for peaceful purposes, and” before “after the conduct”

    2. Struck · 18 U.S.C. § 831(c)(3)

       Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(B), struck out “or” at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(B), struck out “at the time of the offense the nuclear material is in use, storage, or transport, for peaceful purposes, and” before “after the conduct” and struck out “or” at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) in paragraph (3)— (i) by striking “at the time of the offense the nuclear material is in use, storage, or transport, for peaceful purposes, and”; and (ii) by striking “or” at the end of the paragraph;

11. 1996

    Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(2)(C) · 110 Stat. 1214

    Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(c)(4)

    Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(C), substituted “nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material” for “nuclear material for peaceful purposes” and “; or” for period at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(C), substituted “nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material” for “nuclear material for peaceful purposes” and “; or” for period at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (C) in paragraph (4)— (i) by striking “nuclear material for peaceful purposes” and inserting “nuclear material or nuclear byproduct material”; and (ii) by striking the period at the end of the paragraph and inserting “; or”; and

12. 1996

    Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(2)(D) · 110 Stat. 1214

    Added · 18 U.S.C. § 831(c)(5)

    Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(D), added par. (5)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(2)(D), added par. (5).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (D) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: “(5) either— “(A) the governmental entity under subsection (a)(5) is the United States; or “(B) the threat under subsection (a)(6) is directed at the United States.”; and

13. 1996

    Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(3)(A)(i) · 110 Stat. 1214

    Struck · 18 U.S.C. § 831(f)(1)(A)

    Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(A)(i), struck out “with an isotopic concentration not in excess of 80 percent plutonium 238” after “plutonium”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (f)(1)(A). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(A)(i), struck out “with an isotopic concentration not in excess of 80 percent plutonium 238” after “plutonium”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking “with an isotopic concentration not in excess of 80 percent plutonium 238”; and

14. 1996

    Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(3)(A)(ii) · 110 Stat. 1214

    Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(f)(1)(C)

    Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(A)(ii), substituted “enriched uranium, defined as uranium” for “uranium”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (f)(1)(C). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(A)(ii), substituted “enriched uranium, defined as uranium” for “uranium”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking “uranium” and inserting “enriched uranium, defined as uranium”;

15. 1996

    Pub. L. 104–132 § 502(3)(B) · 110 Stat. 1214

    1. Added · 18 U.S.C. § 831(f)(2)(7)

       Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(B)–(F), added par. (2)

    2. Redesignated · 18 U.S.C. § 831(f)(2)(7)

       Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(B)–(F), redesignated former pars. (2) to (4) as (3) to (5), respectively

    3. Added · 18 U.S.C. § 831(f)(2)(7)

       Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(B)–(F), added pars. (6) and (7)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (f)(2) to (7). Pub. L. 104–132, § 502(3)(B)–(F), added par. (2), redesignated former pars. (2) to (4) as (3) to (5), respectively, and added pars. (6) and (7).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) as paragraphs (3), (4), and (5), respectively;

16. 2015

    Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015

    Pub. L. 114–23 § 812(a)(1) · 129 Stat. 268

    1. Added · 18 U.S.C. § 831(a)(3)(7)

       Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (2), added par. (3)

    2. Redesignated · 18 U.S.C. § 831(a)(3)(7)

       Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (2), redesignated former pars. (3) to (6) as (4) to (7), respectively. Former par. (7) redesignated (8)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3) to (7). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (2), added par. (3) and redesignated former pars. (3) to (6) as (4) to (7), respectively. Former par. (7) redesignated (8).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (8) as paragraphs (4) through (9);

17. 2015

    Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015

    Pub. L. 114–23 § 812(a)(1) · 129 Stat. 268

    1. Redesignated · 18 U.S.C. § 831(a)(8)

       Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (3), redesignated par. (7) as (8)

    2. Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(a)(8)

       Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (3), substituted “any act prohibited under paragraphs (1) through (5)” for “an offense under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (3), redesignated par. (7) as (8) and substituted “any act prohibited under paragraphs (1) through (5)” for “an offense under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (8) as paragraphs (4) through (9);

18. 2015

    Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015

    Pub. L. 114–23 § 812(a)(1) · 129 Stat. 268

    1. Redesignated · 18 U.S.C. § 831(a)(9)

       Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (4), redesignated par. (8) as (9)

    2. Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(a)(9)

       Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (4), substituted “any act prohibited under paragraphs (1) through (7)” for “an offense under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(a)(1), (4), redesignated par. (8) as (9) and substituted “any act prohibited under paragraphs (1) through (7)” for “an offense under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (8) as paragraphs (4) through (9);

19. 2015

    Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015

    Pub. L. 114–23 § 812(b)(1) · 129 Stat. 268

    Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(b)(1)

    Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(b)(1), substituted “through (8)” for “through (7)” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(b)(1), substituted “through (8)” for “through (7)” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in paragraph (1), by striking “(7)” and inserting “(8)”; and

20. 2015

    Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015

    Pub. L. 114–23 § 812(b)(2) · 129 Stat. 268

    Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(b)(2)

    Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(b)(2), substituted “paragraph (9)” for “paragraph (8)” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(b)(2), substituted “paragraph (9)” for “paragraph (8)” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in paragraph (2), by striking “(8)” and inserting “(9)”;

21. 2015

    Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015

    Pub. L. 114–23 § 812(c)(1) · 129 Stat. 268

    Inserted · 18 U.S.C. § 831(c)(2)(A)

    Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(c)(1), inserted “or a stateless person whose habitual residence is in the United States” before semicolon

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(c)(1), inserted “or a stateless person whose habitual residence is in the United States” before semicolon.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in subparagraph (2)(A), by adding after “United States” the following: “or a stateless person whose habitual residence is in the United States”;

22. 2015

    Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015

    Pub. L. 114–23 § 812(c)(2) · 129 Stat. 268

    1. Added · 18 U.S.C. § 831(c)(5)(7)

       Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(c)(2)–(4), added pars. (5) to (7)

    2. Struck · 18 U.S.C. § 831(c)(5)(7)

       Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(c)(2)–(4), struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: “either—

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(5) to (7). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(c)(2)–(4), added pars. (5) to (7) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: “either—

    “(A) the governmental entity under subsection (a)(5) is the United States; or “(B) the threat under subsection (a)(6) is directed at the United States.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) by striking paragraph (5);

23. 2015

    Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015

    Pub. L. 114–23 § 812(d) · 129 Stat. 268

    1. Added · 18 U.S.C. § 831(d)(g)

       Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(d), (e), added subsec. (d)

    2. Redesignated · 18 U.S.C. § 831(d)(g)

       Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(d), (e), redesignated former subsecs. (d) to (f) as (e) to (g), respectively

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsecs. (d) to (g). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(d), (e), added subsec. (d) and redesignated former subsecs. (d) to (f) as (e) to (g), respectively.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (d) by redesignating subsections (d) through (f) as (e) through (g), respectively;

24. 2015

    Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015

    Pub. L. 114–23 § 812(f) · 129 Stat. 268

    Added · 18 U.S.C. § 831(g)(8)(12)

    Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(f), added pars. (8) to (12)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g)(8) to (12). Pub. L. 114–23, § 812(f), added pars. (8) to (12).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (f) in subsection (g), as redesignated— (1) in paragraph (6), by striking “and” at the end; (2) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (3) Definitions. by inserting after paragraph (7), the following: “(8) the term ‘armed conflict’ has the meaning given that term in section 2332f(e)(11) of this title; “(9) the term ‘military forces of a state’ means the armed forces of a country that are organized, trained and equipped under its internal law for the primary purpose of national defense or security and persons acting in support of those armed forces who are under their formal command, control and responsibility; “(10) the term ‘state’ has the same meaning as that term has under international law, and includes all political subdivisions thereof; “(11) the term ‘state or government facility’ has the meaning given that term in section 2332f(e)(3) of this title; and “(12) the term ‘vessel of the United States’ has the meaning given that term in section 70502 of title 46.” .

32 of 32 references resolved to an enrolled provision