Title 20 — Education
Chapter 37 — Assignment or Transportation of Students
§ 1656. Prohibition against official or court orders to achieve racial balance or insure compliance with constitutional standards applicable to entire United States
Statutory text
The proviso of section 407(a) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C. 2000c–6(a)] providing in substance that no court or official of the United States shall be empowered to issue any order seeking to achieve a racial balance in any school by requiring the transportation of pupils or students from one school to another or one school district to another in order to achieve such racial balance, or otherwise enlarge the existing power of the court to insure compliance with constitutional standards shall apply to all public school pupils and to every public school system, public school and public school board, as defined by title IV [42 U.S.C. 2000c et seq.], under all circumstances and conditions and at all times in every State, district, territory, Commonwealth, or possession of the United States regardless of whether the residence of such public school pupils or the principal offices of such public school system, public school or public school board is situated in the northern, eastern, western, or southern part of the United States.
Legislative history
Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.
Education Amendments of 1972
Pub. L. 92–318 title VIII § 806 · 86 Stat. 235
Enacted · 20 U.S.C. § 1656
(Pub. L. 92–318, title VIII, § 806, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 373.)
Source evidence
Code source credit
(Pub. L. 92–318, title VIII, § 806, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 373.)Enacted provision · exact public law section
Sec. 806. application of proviso of section 407(a) of the civil rights act of 1964 to the entire united states The proviso of section 407(a) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 providing in substance that no court or official of the United 78 Stat. 248. 42 USC 2000c–6 States shall be empowered to issue any order seeking to achieve a racial balance in any school by requiring the transportation of pupils or students from one school to another or one school district to another in order to achieve such racial balance, or otherwise enlarge the existing power of the court to insure compliance with constitutional standards shall apply to all public school pupils and to every public school system, public school and public school board, as defined by title IV, 42 USC 2000c. under all circumstances and conditions and at all times in every State, district, territory, Commonwealth, or possession of the United States regardless of whether the residence of such public school pupils or the principal offices of such public school system, public school or public school board is situated in the northern, eastern, western, or southern part, of the United States.
1 of 1 references resolved to an enrolled provision
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Civil Rights Act of 1964, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 88–352, , 78 Stat. 241. Title IV of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is classified generally to subchapter IV (§ 2000c et seq.) of chapter 21 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2000a of Title 42 and Tables.