Title 22 — Foreign Relations and Intercourse
Part II · Chapter 32 — Foreign Assistance
§ 2218. Utilization of democratic institutions in development
Statutory text
Popular participation through encouragement of democratic institutions
In carrying out programs authorized in this part and part I of this subchapter, emphasis shall be placed on assuring maximum participation in the task of economic development on the part of the people of the developing countries, through the encouragement of democratic private and local governmental institutions.
Human and intellectual resources; self-government through civic education and training in requisite skills
In order to carry out the purposes of this section programs under this part and part I of this subchapter shall—
recognize the differing needs, desires, and capacities of the people of the respective developing countries and areas;
use the intellectual resources of such countries and areas in conjunction with assistance provided under this chapter so as to encourage the development of indigenous institutions that meet their particular requirements for sustained economic and social progress; and
support civic education and training in skills required for effective participation in governmental and political processes essential to self-government.
Political, social, and related obstacles to development; democratic social and political trends
In the allocation of funds for research under this part and part I of this subchapter, emphasis shall be given to research designed to examine the political, social, and related obstacles to development in countries receiving assistance under subchapter I of this chapter. In particular, emphasis should be given to research designed to increase understanding of the ways in which development assistance can support democratic social and political trends in recipient countries.
Implementation of objectives through application of experience gained from program evaluation
Emphasis shall also be given to the evaluation of relevant past and current programs under subchapter I of this chapter and to applying this experience so as to strengthen their effectiveness in implementing the objectives of this section.
Inservice training programs
In order to carry out the purposes of this section, the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter I of this chapter shall develop systematic programs of inservice training to familiarize its personnel with the objectives of this section and to increase their knowledge of the political and social aspects of development. In addition to other funds available for such purposes, not to exceed 1 per centum of the funds authorized to be appropriated for grant assistance under this part and part I of this subchapter may be used for carrying out the objectives of this subsection.
Legislative history
Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.
Pub. L. 87–195 · 75 Stat. 424
Enacted · 22 U.S.C. § 2218
Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 281, as added Pub. L. 89–583, pt. I, § 106, Sept. 19, 1966, 80 Stat. 800
Source evidence
Code source credit
Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 281, as added Pub. L. 89–583, pt. I, § 106, Sept. 19, 1966, 80 Stat. 800Foreign Assistance Act of 1967
Pub. L. 90–137 · 81 Stat. 445
Amended · 22 U.S.C. § 2218
Pub. L. 90–137 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a)
Added · 22 U.S.C. § 2218
Pub. L. 90–137 added subsecs. (b) to (d)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 90–137 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsecs. (b) to (d).Foreign Assistance Act of 1968
Pub. L. 90–554 § 106(a) · 82 Stat. 960
Changed · 22 U.S.C. § 2218(c)
Pub. L. 90–554, § 106(a), emphasized research designed to increase understanding of ways in which development assistance can support democratic social and political trends in recipient countries
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 90–554, § 106(a), emphasized research designed to increase understanding of ways in which development assistance can support democratic social and political trends in recipient countries.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(a) At the end of subsection (c), add the following new sentence: “In particular, emphasis should lie given to research designed to increase understanding of the ways in which development assistance can support democratic social and political trends in recipient countries.”Foreign Assistance Act of 1968
Pub. L. 90–554 § 106(b) · 82 Stat. 960
Added · 22 U.S.C. § 2218(e)
Pub. L. 90–554, § 106(b), added subsec. (e)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 90–554, § 106(b), added subsec. (e).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(b) At the end of section 281, add the following new subsection: “(e) In order to carry out the purposes of this title, the agency Inservice training programs. primarily responsible for administering part I of this Act shall develop systematic programs of inservice training to familiarize its personnel with the objectives of this title and to increase their knowledge of the political and social aspects of development. In addition to other funds available for such purposes, not to exceed 1 per centum of the funds authorized to be appropriated for grant assistance under this chapter may lie used for carryingout the objectives of this subsection.”Pub. L. 95–424 title I § 102(g)(2)(A) · 92 Stat. 937
Inserted · 22 U.S.C. § 2218(a); 22 U.S.C. § 2218(b); 22 U.S.C. § 2218(c); 22 U.S.C. § 2218(e)
Pub. L. 95–424 inserted “and part 1 of this subchapter” after “this part”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsecs. (a), (b), (c), (e). Pub. L. 95–424 inserted “and part 1 of this subchapter” after “this part”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(A) Section 281 of such Act is amended by inserting “and chapter 1” immediately after “this chapter” each of the four places it appears.Effective date note
Amendment by Pub. L. 95–424 effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 605 of Pub. L. 95–424, set out as a note under section 2151 of this title.
3 of 6 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 3 partial
Editorial Notes
References in Text
This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 87–195, , 75 Stat. 424, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
Amendments1967–1978 · 3 rounds
1978
Subsecs. (a), (b), (c), (e). Pub. L. 95–424 inserted “and part 1 of this subchapter” after “this part”.
1968
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 90–554, § 106(a), emphasized research designed to increase understanding of ways in which development assistance can support democratic social and political trends in recipient countries.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 90–554, § 106(b), added subsec. (e).
1967
Pub. L. 90–137 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsecs. (b) to (d).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
References to Subchapter I Deemed To Include Certain Parts of Subchapter II
References to subchapter I of this chapter are deemed to include parts IV (§ 2346 et seq.), VI (§ 2348 et seq.), and VIII (§ 2349aa et seq.) of subchapter II of this chapter, and references to subchapter II are deemed to exclude such parts. See section 202(b) of Pub. L. 92–226, set out as a note under section 2346 of this title, and sections 2348c and 2349aa–5 of this title.
References to Part I Deemed To Include Section 2293
References to part I of this subchapter are deemed to include a reference to section 2293 of this title. See section 2293(d)(1) of this title.
Effective Date of 1978 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 95–424 effective , see section 605 of Pub. L. 95–424, set out as a note under section 2151 of this title.
Credits
1966–1978 · 4 acts
- 1966Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 281, as added Pub. L. 89–583, pt. I, § 106, , 80 Stat. 800
- 1967amended Pub. L. 90–137, pt. I, § 108, , 81 Stat. 452
- 1968Pub. L. 90–554, pt. I, § 106, , 82 Stat. 961
- 1978Pub. L. 95–424, title I, § 102(g)(2)(A), , 92 Stat. 942.
Show as published
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 281, as added Pub. L. 89–583, pt. I, § 106, , 80 Stat. 800; amended Pub. L. 90–137, pt. I, § 108, , 81 Stat. 452; Pub. L. 90–554, pt. I, § 106, , 82 Stat. 961; Pub. L. 95–424, title I, § 102(g)(2)(A), , 92 Stat. 942.)