§ 10441. Purpose of program and grants

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1994

   Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968

   Pub. L. 90–351 title I § 2001 · 82 Stat. 197

   Enacted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441

   Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 2001, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40121(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1910

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 2001, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40121(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1910

2. 2000

   Violence Against Women Act of 2000

   Pub. L. 106–386 § 1102(a)(1)(A) · 114 Stat. 1464

   Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(a)

   Pub. L. 106–386, § 1102(a)(1)(A), substituted “State and local courts (including juvenile courts), Indian tribal governments, tribal courts,” for “Indian tribal governments,”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1102(a)(1)(A), substituted “State and local courts (including juvenile courts), Indian tribal governments, tribal courts,” for “Indian tribal governments,”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (A) in subsection (a), by striking “Indian tribal governments,” and inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts), Indian tribal governments, tribal courts,”; and

3. 2000

   Violence Against Women Act of 2000

   Pub. L. 106–386 div. B title I · 114 Stat. 1464

   1. Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(1)

      Pub. L. 106–386, §§ 1102(a)(1)(B)(i), 1109(b)(1), inserted “, judges, other court personnel,” after “law enforcement officers”

   2. Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(1)

      Pub. L. 106–386, §§ 1102(a)(1)(B)(i), 1109(b)(1), substituted “sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 106–386, §§ 1102(a)(1)(B)(i), 1109(b)(1), inserted “, judges, other court personnel,” after “law enforcement officers” and substituted “sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law
   TITLE I— STRENGTHENING LAW EN FORCEMENT TO REDUCE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN SEC. 1101. FULL FAITH AND CREDIT ENFORCEMENT OF PROTECTION ORDERS. (a) In General.— Part U of title I of the Omnibus Grime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh et seq.) is amended— (1) in the heading, by adding “AND ENFORCEMENT OF PROTECTION ORDERS” at the end; (2) in section 2101(b)— (A) in paragraph (6), by inserting “(including juvenile courts)” after “courts”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(7) To provide technical assistance and computer and other equipment to police departments, prosecutors, courts, and tribal jurisdictions to facilitate the widespread enforcement of protection orders, including interstate enforcement, enforcement between States and tribal jurisdictions, and enforcement between tribal jurisdictions.”; and (3) in section 2102— (A) in subsection (b)— (i) in paragraph (1), by striking “and” at the end; (ii) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and inserting including the enforcement of protection orders from other States and jurisdictions (including tribal jurisdictions);”; and (iii) by adding at the end the following; “(3) have established cooperative agreements or can demonstrate effective ongoing collaborative arrangements with neighboring jurisdictions to facilitate the enforcement of protection orders from other States and jurisdictions (including tribal jurisdictions); and “(4) in applications describing plans to further the purposes stated in paragraph (4) or (7) of section 2101(b), will give priority to using the grant to develop and install data collection and communication systems, including computerized systems, and training on how to use these systems effectively to link police, prosecutors, courts, and tribal jurisdictions for the purpose of identifying and tracking protection orders and violations of protection orders, in those jurisdictions where such systems do not exist or are not fully effective.”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(c) Dissemination of Information.— The Attorney General shall annually compile and broadly disseminate (including through electronic publication) information about successful data collection and communication systems that meet the purposes described in this section. Such dissemination shall target States, State and local courts, Indian tribal governments, and units of local government.”. (b) Protection Orders.— (1) Filing costs.— Section 2006 of part T of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg-5) is amended— (A) in the heading, by striking “FILING” and inserting “AND PROTECTION ORDERS” after “CHARGES”; (B) in subsection (a)— (i) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following: “(1) certifies that its laws, policies, and practices do not require, in connection with the prosecution of any misdemeanor or felony domestic violence offense, or in connection with the filing, issuance, registration, or service of a protection order, or a petition for a protection order, to protect a victim of domestic violence, stalking, or sexual assault, that the victim bear the costs associated with the filing of criminal charges against the offender, or the costs associated with the filing, issuance, registration, or service of a warrant, protection order, petition for a protection order, or witness subpoena, whether issued inside or outside the State, tribal, or local jurisdiction; or”; and (ii) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking “2 years” and inserting “2 years after the date of the enactment of the Violence Against Women Act of 2000”; and (C) by adding at the end the following: “(c) Definition.— In this section, the term ‘protection order’ has the meaning given the term in section 2266 of title 18, United States Code”. (2) Eligibility for grants to encourage arrest policies.— Section 2101 of part U of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh) is amended— (A) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following: “(4) certify that their laws, policies, and practices do not require, in connection with the prosecution of any misdemeanor or felony domestic violence offense, or in connection with the filing, issuance, registration, or service of a protection order, or a petition for a protection order, to protect a victim of domestic violence, stalking, or sexual assault, that the victim bear the costs associated with the filing of criminal charges against the offender, or the costs associated with the filing, issuance, registration, or service of a warrant, protection order, petition for a protection order, or witness subpoena, whether issued inside or outside the State, tribal, or local jurisdiction”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(d) Definition.— In this section, the term ‘protection order’ has the meaning given the term in section 2266 of title 18, United States Code.”. (3) Application for grants to encourage arrest policies.— Section 2102(a)(1)(B) of part U of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh–1(a)(1)(B)) is amended by inserting before the semicolon the following: “or, in the case of the condition set forth in subsection 2101(c)(4), the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date the of the enactment of the Violence Against Women Act of 2000”. (4) Registration for protection orders.— Section 2265 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: “(d) Notification and Registration.— “(1) Notification.— A State or Indian tribe according full faith and credit to an order by a court of another State or Indian tribe shall not notify or require notification of the party against whom a protection order has been issued that the protection order has been registered or filed in that enforcing State or tribal jurisdiction unless requested to do so by the party protected under such order. “(2) No prior registration or filing as prerequisite for enforcement.— Any protection order that is otherwise consistent with this section shall be accorded full faith and credit, notwithstanding failure to comply with any requirement that the order be registered or filed in the enforcing State or tribal jurisdiction. “(e) Tribal Court Jurisdiction.— For purposes of this section, a tribal court shall have full civil jurisdiction to enforce protection orders, including authority to enforce any orders through civil con tempt proceedings, exclusion of violators from Indian lands, and other appropriate mechanisms, in matters arising within the authority of the tribe.”. (c) Technical Amendment.— The table of contents for title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amended in the item relating to part U, by adding “and Enforcement of Protection Orders” at the end. SEC. 1102. ROLE OF COURTS. (a) Courts as Eligible STOP Subgrantees.— Part T of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg et seq.) is amended— (1) in section 2001— (A) in subsection (a), by striking “Indian tribal governments,” and inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts), Indian tribal governments, tribal courts,”; and (B) in subsection (b)— (i) in paragraph (1), by inserting “, judges, other court personnel,” after ‘law enforcement officers”; (ii) in paragraph (2), by inserting judges, other court personnel,” after “law enforcement officers”; and (iii) in paragraph (3), by inserting “, court,” after “police”; and (2) in section 2002— (A) in subsection (a), by inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts),” after “States,” the second place it appears; (B) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following: “(3) of the amount granted— “(A) not less than 25 percent shall be allocated to police and not less than 25 percent shall be allocated to prosecutors; “(B) not less than 30 percent shall be allocated to victim services; and “(C) not less than 5 percent shall be allocated for State and local courts (including juvenile courts); and”; and (C) in subsection (d)(1), by inserting “court,” after “law enforcement,”. (b) Eligible Grantees; Use of Grants for Education.— Section 2101 of part U of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh) is amended— (1) in subsection (a), by inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts), tribal courts,” after “Indian tribal governments,”; (2) in subsection (b)— (A) by inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts),” after “Indian tribal governments”; (B) in paragraph (2), by striking “policies and” and inserting “policies, educational programs, and”; (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting “parole and probation officers,” after “prosecutors,”; and (D) in paragraph (4), by inserting “parole and probation officers,” after “prosecutors,”; (3) in subsection (c), by inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts),” after “Indian tribal governments”; and (4) by adding at the end the following: “(e) Allotment for Indian Tribes.— Not less than 5 percent of the total amount made available for grants under this section for each fiscal year shall be available for grants to Indian tribal governments,”. SEC. 1103. REAUTHORIZATION OF STOP GRANTS. (a) Reauthorization.— Section 1001(a) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3793(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (18) and inserting the following: “(18) There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out part T $185,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2005.”. (b) Grant Purposes.— Part T of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg et seq.) is amended— (1) in section 2001— 42 USC 3796gg. (A) in subsection (b)— (i) in paragraph (5), by striking “racial, cultural, ethnic, and language minorities” and inserting “underserved populations”; (ii) in paragraph (6), by striking “and” at the end; (iii) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (iv) by adding at the end the following: “(8) supporting formal and informal statewide, multidisciplinary efforts, to the extent not supported by State funds, to coordinate the response of State law enforcement agencies, prosecutors, courts, victim services agencies, and other State agencies and departments, to violent crimes against women, including the crimes of sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence; “(9) training of sexual assault forensic medical personnel examiners in the collection and preservation of evidence, analysis, prevention, and providing expert testimony and treatment of trauma related to sexual assault;”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(c) State Coalition Grants.— “(1) Purpose.— The Attorney General shall award grants to each State domestic violence coalition and sexual assault coalition for the purposes of coordinating State victim services activities, and collaborating and coordinating with Federal, State, and local entities engaged in violence against women activities. “(2) Grants to state coalitions.— The Attorney General shall award grants to— “(A) each State domestic violence coalition, as determined by the Secretary of Health and Human Services through the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (42 U.S.C. 10410 et seq.); and “(B) each State sexual assault coalition, as determined by the Center for Injury Prevention and Control of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 280b et seq.). “(3) Eligibility for other grants.— Receipt of an award under this subsection by each State domestic violence and sexual assault coalition shall not preclude the coalition from receiving additional grants under this part to carry out the purposes described in subsection (b).”; (2) in section 2002(b)— (A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as para graphs (5) and (6), respectively; (B) in paragraph (1), by striking “4 percent” and inserting “5 percent,” (C) in paragraph (5), as redesignated, by striking “$500,000” and inserting “$600,000”; and (D) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following: “(2) 2.5 percent shall be available for grants for State domestic violence coalitions under section 2001(c), with the coalition for each State, the coalition for the District of Columbia, the coalition for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the coalition for the combined Territories of the United States, each receiving an amount equal to ⅕₄ of the total amount made available under this paragraph for each fiscal year; “(3) 2.5 percent shall be available for grants for State sexual assault coalitions under section 2001(c), with the coalition for each State, the coalition for the District of Columbia, the coalition for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the coalition for the combined Territories of the United States, each receiving an amount equal to ⅕₄ of the total amount made available under this paragraph for each fiscal year; “(4) ⅕₄ shall be available for the development and operation of nonprofit tribal domestic violence and sexual assault coalitions in Indian country;”; (3) in section 2003, by striking paragraph (7) and inserting the following: “(7) the term ‘underserved populations’ includes populations underserved because of geographic location (such as rural isolation), underserved racial and ethnic populations, populations underserved because of special needs (such as language barriers, disabilities, alienage status, or age), and any other population determined to be underserved by the State planning process in consultation with the Attorney General;”; and (4) in section 2004(b)(3), by inserting “, and the membership of persons served in any underserved population” before the semicolon. SEC. 1104. REAUTHORIZATION OF GRANTS TO ENCOURAGE ARREST POLICIES. Section 1001(a) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3793(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (19) and inserting the following: “(19) There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out part U $65,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2005.”. SEC. 1105. REAUTHORIZATION OF RURAL DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND CHILD ABUSE ENFORCEMENT GRANTS. Section 40295(c) of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13971(c)) is amended— (1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following: “(1) In general.— There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2005.”; and (2) by adding at the end the following: “(3) Allotment for Indian tribes.— Not less than 5 per cent of the total amount made available to carry out this section for each fiscal year shall be available for grants to Indian tribal governments.”. SEC. 1106. NATIONAL STALKER AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE REDUCTION. (a) Reauthorization.— Section 40603 of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 14032) is amended to read as follows: “SEC. 40603. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. “There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subtitle $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2005.”. (b) Technical Amendment.— Section 40602(a) of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 14031 note) is amended by inserting “and implement” after “improve”. SEC. 1107. AMENDMENTS TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND STALKING OFFENSES. (a) Interstate Domestic Violence.— Section 2261 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following: “(a) Offenses.— “(1) Travel or conduct of offender.— A person who travels in interstate or foreign commerce or enters or leaves Indian country with the intent to kill, injure, harass, or intimidate a spouse or intimate partner, and who, in the course of or as a result of such travel, commits or attempts to commit a crime of violence against that spouse or intimate partner, shall be punished as provided in subsection (b). “(2) Causing travel of victim.— A person who causes a spouse or intimate partner to travel in interstate or foreign commerce or to enter or leave Indian country by force, coercion, duress, or fraud, and who, in the course of, as a result of, or to facilitate such conduct or travel, commits or attempts to commit a crime of violence against that spouse or intimate partner, shall be punished as provided in subsection (b).”. (b) Interstate Stalking.— (1) In general.— Section 2261A of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “§ 2261A. Interstate stalking “Whoever— “(1) travels in interstate or foreign commerce or within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, or enters or leaves Indian country, with the intent to kill, injure, harass, or intimidate another person, and in the course of, or as a result of, such travel places that person in reasonable fear of the death of, or serious bodily injury to, that person, a member of the immediate family (as defined in section 115) of that person, or the spouse or intimate partner of that person; or “(2) with the intent— “(A) to kill or injure a person in another State or tribal jurisdiction or within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States; or “(B) to place a person in another State or tribal jurisdiction, or within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, in reasonable fear of the death of, or serious bodily injury to— “(i) that person; “(ii) a member of the immediate family (as defined in section 115) of that person; or “(iii) a spouse or intimate partner of that person, uses the mail or any facility of interstate or foreign commerce to engage in a course of conduct that places that person in reasonable fear of the death of, or serious bodily injury to, any of the persons described in clauses (i) through (iii), shall be punished as provided in section 2261(b).”. (2) Amendment of federal sentencing guidelines.— (A) In general.— Pursuant to its authority under section 994 of title 28, United States Code, the United States Sentencing Commission shall amend the Federal Sentencing Guidelines to reflect the amendment made by this subsection. (B) Factors for consideration.— In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Commission shall consider— (i) whether the Federal Sentencing Guidelines relating to stalking offenses should be modified in light of the amendment made by this subsection; and (ii) whether any changes the Commission may make to the Federal Sentencing Guidelines pursuant to clause (i) should also be made with respect to offenses under chapter 110A of title 18, United States Code. (c) Interstate Violation of Protection Order.— Section 2262 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking sub section (a) and inserting the following: “(a) Offenses.— “(1) Travel or conduct of offender.— A person who travels in interstate or foreign commerce, or enters or leaves Indian country, with the intent to engage in conduct that violates the portion of a protection order that prohibits or provides protection against violence, threats, or harassment against, contact or communication with, or physical proximity to, another person, or that would violate such a portion of a protection order in the jurisdiction in which the order was issued, and subsequently engages in such conduct, shall be punished as provided in subsection (b). “(2) Causing travel of victim.— A person who causes another person to travel in interstate or foreign commerce or to enter or leave Indian country by force, coercion, duress, or fraud, and in the course of, as a result of, or to facilitate such conduct or travel engages in conduct that violates the portion of a protection order that prohibits or provides protection against violence, threats, or harassment against, contact or communication with, or physical proximity to, another per son, or that would violate such a portion of a protection order in the jurisdiction in which the order was issued, shall be punished as provided in subsection (b).”. (d) Definitions.— Section 2266 of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “§ 2266. Definitions “In this chapter: “(1) Bodily injury.— The term ‘bodily injury’ means any act, except one done in self-defense, that results in physical injury or sexual abuse. “(2) Course of conduct.— The term ‘course of conduct’ means a pattern of conduct composed of 2 or more acts, evidencing a continuity of purpose. “(3) Enter or leave Indian country.— The term ‘enter or leave Indian country’ includes leaving the jurisdiction of 1 tribal government and entering the jurisdiction of another tribal government. “(4) Indian country.— The term ‘Indian country’ has the meaning stated in section 1151 of this title. “(5) Protection order.— The term ‘protection order’ includes any injunction or other order issued for the purpose of preventing violent or threatening acts or harassment against, or contact or communication with or physical proximity to, another person, including any temporary or final order issued by a civil and criminal court (other than a support or child custody order issued pursuant to State divorce and child custody laws, except to the extent that such an order is entitled to full faith and credit under other Federal law) whether obtained by filing an independent action or as a pendente lite order in another proceeding so long as any civil order was issued in response to a complaint, petition, or motion filed by or on behalf of a person seeking protection. “(6) Serious bodily injury.— The term ‘serious bodily injury’ has the meaning stated in section 2119(2). “(7) Spouse or intimate partner.— The term ‘spouse or intimate partner’ includes— “(A) for purposes of— “(i) sections other than 2261A, a spouse or former spouse of the abuser, a person who shares a child in common with the abuser, and a person who cohabits or has cohabited as a spouse with the abuser; and “(ii) section 2261A, a spouse or former spouse of the target of the stalking, a person who shares a child in common with the target of the stalking, and a person who cohabits or has cohabited as a spouse with the target of the stalking; and “(B) any other person similarly situated to a spouse who is protected by the domestic or family violence laws of the State or tribal jurisdiction in which the injury occurred or where the victim resides. “(8) State.— The term ‘State’ includes a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, and a commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States. “(9) Travel in interstate or foreign commerce.— The term ‘travel in interstate or foreign commerce’ does not include travel from 1 State to another by an individual who is a member of an Indian tribe and who remains at all times in the territory of the Indian tribe of which the individual is a member.”. SEC. 1108. SCHOOL AND CAMPUS SECURITY. (a) Grants To Reduce Violent Crimes Against Women on campus.— Section 826 of the Higher Education Amendments of 1998 (20 U.S.C. 1152) is amended— (1) in paragraphs (2), (6), (7), and (9) of subsection (b), by striking “and domestic violence” and inserting “domestic violence, and dating violence”; (2) in subsection (c)(2)(B), by striking “and domestic violence” and inserting “domestic violence and dating violence”; (3) in subsection (f)— (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively; (B) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as redesignated by subparagraph (A)) the following: “(1) the term ‘dating violence’ means violence committed by a person— “(A) who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the victim; and “(B) where the existence of such a relationship shall be determined based on a consideration of the following factors: “(i) the length of the relationship; “(ii) the type of relationship; and “(iii) the frequency of interaction between the per sons involved in the relationship.”; (C) in paragraph (2) (as redesignated by subparagraph (A)), by inserting “, dating” after “domestic” each place the term appears; and (D) in paragraph (4) (as redesignated by subparagraph (A))—— (i) by inserting “or a public, nonprofit organization acting in a nongovernmental capacity” after “organization”; (ii) by inserting “, dating violence” after “assists domestic violence”; (iii) by striking “or domestic violence” and inserting “, domestic violence or dating violence”; and (iv) by inserting “dating violence,” before “stalking,”; and (4) in subsection (g), by striking “fiscal year 1999 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years” and inserting “each of fiscal years 2001 through 2005”. (b) Matching Grant Program For School Security.— Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 is amended by inserting after part Z the following new part: “PART AA— MATCHING GRANT PROGRAM FOR SCHOOL SECURITY “SEC. 2701. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED. “(a) In General.— The Attorney General is authorized to make grants to States, units of local government, and Indian tribes to provide improved security, including the placement and use of metal detectors and other deterrent measures, at schools and on school grounds. “(b) Uses of Funds.— Grants awarded under this section shall be distributed directly to the State, unit of local government, or Indian tribe, and shall be used to improve security at schools and on school grounds in the jurisdiction of the grantee through one or more of the following: “(1) Placement and use of metal detectors, locks, lighting, and other deterrent measures. “(2) Security assessments. “(3) Security training of personnel and students. “(4) Coordination with local law enforcement. “(5) Any other measure that, in the determination of the Attorney General, may provide a significant improvement in security. “(c) Preferential Consideration.— In awarding grants under this part, the Attorney General shall give preferential consideration, if feasible, to an application from a jurisdiction that has a demonstrated need for improved security, has a demonstrated need for financial assistance, and has evidenced the ability to make the improvements for which the grant amounts are sought. “(d) Matching Funds.— “(1) The portion of the costs of a program provided by a grant under subsection (a) may not exceed 50 percent. “(2) Any funds appropriated by Congress for the activities of any agency of an Indian tribal government or the Bureau of Indian Affairs performing law enforcement functions on any Indian lands may be used to provide the non-Federal share of a matching requirement funded under this subsection. “(3) The Attorney General may provide, in the guidelines implementing this section, for the requirement of paragraph (1) to be waived or altered in the case of a recipient with a financial need for such a waiver or alteration. “(e) Equitable Distribution.— In awarding grants under this part, the Attorney General shall ensure, to the extent practicable, an equitable geographic distribution among the regions of the United States and among urban, suburban, and rural areas. “(f) Administrative Costs.— The Attorney General may reserve not more than 2 percent from amounts appropriated to carry out this part for administrative costs. “SEC. 2702. APPLICATIONS. “(a) In General.— To request a grant under this part, the chief executive of a State, unit of local government, or Indian tribe shall submit an application to the Attorney General at such time, in such maimer, and accompanied by such information as the Attorney General may require. Each application shall— “(1) include a detailed explanation of— “(A) the intended uses of funds provided under the grant; and “(B) how the activities funded under the grant will meet the purpose of this part; and “(2) be accompanied by an assurance that the application was prepared after consultation with individuals not limited to law enforcement officers (such as school violence researchers, child psychologists, social workers, teachers, principals, and other school personnel) to ensure that the improvements to be funded under the grant are— “(A) consistent with a comprehensive approach to preventing school violence; and “(B) individualized to the needs of each school at which those improvements are to be made. “(b) Guidelines.— Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this part, the Attorney General shall promulgate guidelines to implement this section (including the information that must be included and the requirements that the States, units of local government, and Indian tribes must meet) in submitting the applications required under this section. “SEC. 2703. ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS. “Not later than November 30th of each year, the Attorney General shall submit a report to the Congress regarding the activities carried out under this part. Each such report shall include, for the preceding fiscal year, the number of grants funded under this part, the amount of funds provided under those grants, and the activities for which those funds were used. “SEC. 2704. DEFINITIONS. “For purposes of this part— “(1) the term ‘school’ means a public elementary or secondary school; “(2) the term ‘unit of local government’ means a county, municipality, town, township, village, parish, borough, or other unit of general government below the State level; and “(3) the term ‘Indian tribe’ has the same meaning as in section 4(e) of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b(e)). “SEC. 2705. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. “There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2003.”. SEC. 1109. DATING VIOLENCE. (a) Definitions.— (1) Section 2003.— Section 2003 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3996gg-2) is amended— (A) in paragraph (8), by striking the period at the end and inserting and”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(9) the term ‘dating violence’ means violence committed by a person— “(A) who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the victim; and “(B) where the existence of such a relationship shall be determined based on a consideration of the following factors: “(i) the length of the relationship; “(ii) the type of relationship; and “(iii) the frequency of interaction between the per sons involved in the relationship.”. (2) Section 2105.— Section 2105 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh–4) is amended— (A) in paragraph (1), by striking “and” at the end; (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and inserting “, and”; and (C) by adding at the end the following: “(3) the term ‘dating violence’ means violence committed by a person— “(A) who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the victim; and “(B) where the existence of such a relationship shall be determined based on a consideration of the following factors: “(i) the length of the relationship; “(ii) the type of relationship; and “(iii) the frequency of interaction between the per sons involved in the relationship.”. (b) STOP Grants.— Section 2001(b) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg(b)) is amended— (1) in paragraph (1), by striking “sexual assault and domestic violence” and inserting “sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence”; and (2) in paragraph (5), by striking “sexual assault and domestic violence” and inserting “sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence”. (c) Grants To Encourage Arrest Policies.— Section 2101(b) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh(b)) is amended— (1) in paragraph (2), by inserting “and dating violence” after “domestic violence”; and (2) in paragraph (5), by inserting “and dating violence” after “domestic violence”. (d) Rural Domestic Violence and Child Abuse Enforcement.— Section 40295(a) of the Safe Homes for Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13971(a)) is amended— (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting “and dating violence (as defined in section 2003 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3996gg-2))” after “domestic violence”; and (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting “and dating violence (as defined in section 2003 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3996gg-2))” after “domestic violence”.

4. 2000

   Violence Against Women Act of 2000

   Pub. L. 106–386 § 1102(a)(1)(B)(ii) · 114 Stat. 1464

   Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(2)

   Pub. L. 106–386, § 1102(a)(1)(B)(ii), inserted “, judges, other court personnel,” after “law enforcement officers”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1102(a)(1)(B)(ii), inserted “, judges, other court personnel,” after “law enforcement officers”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (ii) in paragraph (2), by inserting judges, other court personnel,” after “law enforcement officers”; and

5. 2000

   Violence Against Women Act of 2000

   Pub. L. 106–386 § 1102(a)(1)(B)(iii) · 114 Stat. 1464

   Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(3)

   Pub. L. 106–386, § 1102(a)(1)(B)(iii), inserted “, court,” after “police”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1102(a)(1)(B)(iii), inserted “, court,” after “police”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (iii) in paragraph (3), by inserting “, court,” after “police”; and

6. 2000

   Violence Against Women Act of 2000

   Pub. L. 106–386 div. B title I · 114 Stat. 1464

   1. Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(5)

      Pub. L. 106–386, §§ 1103(b)(1)(A)(i), 1109(b)(2), substituted “including sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence” for “including sexual assault and domestic violence”

   2. Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(5)

      Pub. L. 106–386, §§ 1103(b)(1)(A)(i), 1109(b)(2), substituted “underserved populations” for “racial, cultural, ethnic, and language minorities”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 106–386, §§ 1103(b)(1)(A)(i), 1109(b)(2), substituted “including sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence” for “including sexual assault and domestic violence” and “underserved populations” for “racial, cultural, ethnic, and language minorities”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law
   TITLE I— STRENGTHENING LAW EN FORCEMENT TO REDUCE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN SEC. 1101. FULL FAITH AND CREDIT ENFORCEMENT OF PROTECTION ORDERS. (a) In General.— Part U of title I of the Omnibus Grime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh et seq.) is amended— (1) in the heading, by adding “AND ENFORCEMENT OF PROTECTION ORDERS” at the end; (2) in section 2101(b)— (A) in paragraph (6), by inserting “(including juvenile courts)” after “courts”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(7) To provide technical assistance and computer and other equipment to police departments, prosecutors, courts, and tribal jurisdictions to facilitate the widespread enforcement of protection orders, including interstate enforcement, enforcement between States and tribal jurisdictions, and enforcement between tribal jurisdictions.”; and (3) in section 2102— (A) in subsection (b)— (i) in paragraph (1), by striking “and” at the end; (ii) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and inserting including the enforcement of protection orders from other States and jurisdictions (including tribal jurisdictions);”; and (iii) by adding at the end the following; “(3) have established cooperative agreements or can demonstrate effective ongoing collaborative arrangements with neighboring jurisdictions to facilitate the enforcement of protection orders from other States and jurisdictions (including tribal jurisdictions); and “(4) in applications describing plans to further the purposes stated in paragraph (4) or (7) of section 2101(b), will give priority to using the grant to develop and install data collection and communication systems, including computerized systems, and training on how to use these systems effectively to link police, prosecutors, courts, and tribal jurisdictions for the purpose of identifying and tracking protection orders and violations of protection orders, in those jurisdictions where such systems do not exist or are not fully effective.”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(c) Dissemination of Information.— The Attorney General shall annually compile and broadly disseminate (including through electronic publication) information about successful data collection and communication systems that meet the purposes described in this section. Such dissemination shall target States, State and local courts, Indian tribal governments, and units of local government.”. (b) Protection Orders.— (1) Filing costs.— Section 2006 of part T of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg-5) is amended— (A) in the heading, by striking “FILING” and inserting “AND PROTECTION ORDERS” after “CHARGES”; (B) in subsection (a)— (i) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following: “(1) certifies that its laws, policies, and practices do not require, in connection with the prosecution of any misdemeanor or felony domestic violence offense, or in connection with the filing, issuance, registration, or service of a protection order, or a petition for a protection order, to protect a victim of domestic violence, stalking, or sexual assault, that the victim bear the costs associated with the filing of criminal charges against the offender, or the costs associated with the filing, issuance, registration, or service of a warrant, protection order, petition for a protection order, or witness subpoena, whether issued inside or outside the State, tribal, or local jurisdiction; or”; and (ii) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking “2 years” and inserting “2 years after the date of the enactment of the Violence Against Women Act of 2000”; and (C) by adding at the end the following: “(c) Definition.— In this section, the term ‘protection order’ has the meaning given the term in section 2266 of title 18, United States Code”. (2) Eligibility for grants to encourage arrest policies.— Section 2101 of part U of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh) is amended— (A) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following: “(4) certify that their laws, policies, and practices do not require, in connection with the prosecution of any misdemeanor or felony domestic violence offense, or in connection with the filing, issuance, registration, or service of a protection order, or a petition for a protection order, to protect a victim of domestic violence, stalking, or sexual assault, that the victim bear the costs associated with the filing of criminal charges against the offender, or the costs associated with the filing, issuance, registration, or service of a warrant, protection order, petition for a protection order, or witness subpoena, whether issued inside or outside the State, tribal, or local jurisdiction”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(d) Definition.— In this section, the term ‘protection order’ has the meaning given the term in section 2266 of title 18, United States Code.”. (3) Application for grants to encourage arrest policies.— Section 2102(a)(1)(B) of part U of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh–1(a)(1)(B)) is amended by inserting before the semicolon the following: “or, in the case of the condition set forth in subsection 2101(c)(4), the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date the of the enactment of the Violence Against Women Act of 2000”. (4) Registration for protection orders.— Section 2265 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: “(d) Notification and Registration.— “(1) Notification.— A State or Indian tribe according full faith and credit to an order by a court of another State or Indian tribe shall not notify or require notification of the party against whom a protection order has been issued that the protection order has been registered or filed in that enforcing State or tribal jurisdiction unless requested to do so by the party protected under such order. “(2) No prior registration or filing as prerequisite for enforcement.— Any protection order that is otherwise consistent with this section shall be accorded full faith and credit, notwithstanding failure to comply with any requirement that the order be registered or filed in the enforcing State or tribal jurisdiction. “(e) Tribal Court Jurisdiction.— For purposes of this section, a tribal court shall have full civil jurisdiction to enforce protection orders, including authority to enforce any orders through civil con tempt proceedings, exclusion of violators from Indian lands, and other appropriate mechanisms, in matters arising within the authority of the tribe.”. (c) Technical Amendment.— The table of contents for title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amended in the item relating to part U, by adding “and Enforcement of Protection Orders” at the end. SEC. 1102. ROLE OF COURTS. (a) Courts as Eligible STOP Subgrantees.— Part T of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg et seq.) is amended— (1) in section 2001— (A) in subsection (a), by striking “Indian tribal governments,” and inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts), Indian tribal governments, tribal courts,”; and (B) in subsection (b)— (i) in paragraph (1), by inserting “, judges, other court personnel,” after ‘law enforcement officers”; (ii) in paragraph (2), by inserting judges, other court personnel,” after “law enforcement officers”; and (iii) in paragraph (3), by inserting “, court,” after “police”; and (2) in section 2002— (A) in subsection (a), by inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts),” after “States,” the second place it appears; (B) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following: “(3) of the amount granted— “(A) not less than 25 percent shall be allocated to police and not less than 25 percent shall be allocated to prosecutors; “(B) not less than 30 percent shall be allocated to victim services; and “(C) not less than 5 percent shall be allocated for State and local courts (including juvenile courts); and”; and (C) in subsection (d)(1), by inserting “court,” after “law enforcement,”. (b) Eligible Grantees; Use of Grants for Education.— Section 2101 of part U of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh) is amended— (1) in subsection (a), by inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts), tribal courts,” after “Indian tribal governments,”; (2) in subsection (b)— (A) by inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts),” after “Indian tribal governments”; (B) in paragraph (2), by striking “policies and” and inserting “policies, educational programs, and”; (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting “parole and probation officers,” after “prosecutors,”; and (D) in paragraph (4), by inserting “parole and probation officers,” after “prosecutors,”; (3) in subsection (c), by inserting “State and local courts (including juvenile courts),” after “Indian tribal governments”; and (4) by adding at the end the following: “(e) Allotment for Indian Tribes.— Not less than 5 percent of the total amount made available for grants under this section for each fiscal year shall be available for grants to Indian tribal governments,”. SEC. 1103. REAUTHORIZATION OF STOP GRANTS. (a) Reauthorization.— Section 1001(a) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3793(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (18) and inserting the following: “(18) There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out part T $185,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2005.”. (b) Grant Purposes.— Part T of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg et seq.) is amended— (1) in section 2001— 42 USC 3796gg. (A) in subsection (b)— (i) in paragraph (5), by striking “racial, cultural, ethnic, and language minorities” and inserting “underserved populations”; (ii) in paragraph (6), by striking “and” at the end; (iii) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (iv) by adding at the end the following: “(8) supporting formal and informal statewide, multidisciplinary efforts, to the extent not supported by State funds, to coordinate the response of State law enforcement agencies, prosecutors, courts, victim services agencies, and other State agencies and departments, to violent crimes against women, including the crimes of sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence; “(9) training of sexual assault forensic medical personnel examiners in the collection and preservation of evidence, analysis, prevention, and providing expert testimony and treatment of trauma related to sexual assault;”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(c) State Coalition Grants.— “(1) Purpose.— The Attorney General shall award grants to each State domestic violence coalition and sexual assault coalition for the purposes of coordinating State victim services activities, and collaborating and coordinating with Federal, State, and local entities engaged in violence against women activities. “(2) Grants to state coalitions.— The Attorney General shall award grants to— “(A) each State domestic violence coalition, as determined by the Secretary of Health and Human Services through the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (42 U.S.C. 10410 et seq.); and “(B) each State sexual assault coalition, as determined by the Center for Injury Prevention and Control of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 280b et seq.). “(3) Eligibility for other grants.— Receipt of an award under this subsection by each State domestic violence and sexual assault coalition shall not preclude the coalition from receiving additional grants under this part to carry out the purposes described in subsection (b).”; (2) in section 2002(b)— (A) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as para graphs (5) and (6), respectively; (B) in paragraph (1), by striking “4 percent” and inserting “5 percent,” (C) in paragraph (5), as redesignated, by striking “$500,000” and inserting “$600,000”; and (D) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following: “(2) 2.5 percent shall be available for grants for State domestic violence coalitions under section 2001(c), with the coalition for each State, the coalition for the District of Columbia, the coalition for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the coalition for the combined Territories of the United States, each receiving an amount equal to ⅕₄ of the total amount made available under this paragraph for each fiscal year; “(3) 2.5 percent shall be available for grants for State sexual assault coalitions under section 2001(c), with the coalition for each State, the coalition for the District of Columbia, the coalition for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the coalition for the combined Territories of the United States, each receiving an amount equal to ⅕₄ of the total amount made available under this paragraph for each fiscal year; “(4) ⅕₄ shall be available for the development and operation of nonprofit tribal domestic violence and sexual assault coalitions in Indian country;”; (3) in section 2003, by striking paragraph (7) and inserting the following: “(7) the term ‘underserved populations’ includes populations underserved because of geographic location (such as rural isolation), underserved racial and ethnic populations, populations underserved because of special needs (such as language barriers, disabilities, alienage status, or age), and any other population determined to be underserved by the State planning process in consultation with the Attorney General;”; and (4) in section 2004(b)(3), by inserting “, and the membership of persons served in any underserved population” before the semicolon. SEC. 1104. REAUTHORIZATION OF GRANTS TO ENCOURAGE ARREST POLICIES. Section 1001(a) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3793(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (19) and inserting the following: “(19) There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out part U $65,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2005.”. SEC. 1105. REAUTHORIZATION OF RURAL DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND CHILD ABUSE ENFORCEMENT GRANTS. Section 40295(c) of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13971(c)) is amended— (1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following: “(1) In general.— There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2005.”; and (2) by adding at the end the following: “(3) Allotment for Indian tribes.— Not less than 5 per cent of the total amount made available to carry out this section for each fiscal year shall be available for grants to Indian tribal governments.”. SEC. 1106. NATIONAL STALKER AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE REDUCTION. (a) Reauthorization.— Section 40603 of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 14032) is amended to read as follows: “SEC. 40603. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. “There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subtitle $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2005.”. (b) Technical Amendment.— Section 40602(a) of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 14031 note) is amended by inserting “and implement” after “improve”. SEC. 1107. AMENDMENTS TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND STALKING OFFENSES. (a) Interstate Domestic Violence.— Section 2261 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following: “(a) Offenses.— “(1) Travel or conduct of offender.— A person who travels in interstate or foreign commerce or enters or leaves Indian country with the intent to kill, injure, harass, or intimidate a spouse or intimate partner, and who, in the course of or as a result of such travel, commits or attempts to commit a crime of violence against that spouse or intimate partner, shall be punished as provided in subsection (b). “(2) Causing travel of victim.— A person who causes a spouse or intimate partner to travel in interstate or foreign commerce or to enter or leave Indian country by force, coercion, duress, or fraud, and who, in the course of, as a result of, or to facilitate such conduct or travel, commits or attempts to commit a crime of violence against that spouse or intimate partner, shall be punished as provided in subsection (b).”. (b) Interstate Stalking.— (1) In general.— Section 2261A of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “§ 2261A. Interstate stalking “Whoever— “(1) travels in interstate or foreign commerce or within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, or enters or leaves Indian country, with the intent to kill, injure, harass, or intimidate another person, and in the course of, or as a result of, such travel places that person in reasonable fear of the death of, or serious bodily injury to, that person, a member of the immediate family (as defined in section 115) of that person, or the spouse or intimate partner of that person; or “(2) with the intent— “(A) to kill or injure a person in another State or tribal jurisdiction or within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States; or “(B) to place a person in another State or tribal jurisdiction, or within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, in reasonable fear of the death of, or serious bodily injury to— “(i) that person; “(ii) a member of the immediate family (as defined in section 115) of that person; or “(iii) a spouse or intimate partner of that person, uses the mail or any facility of interstate or foreign commerce to engage in a course of conduct that places that person in reasonable fear of the death of, or serious bodily injury to, any of the persons described in clauses (i) through (iii), shall be punished as provided in section 2261(b).”. (2) Amendment of federal sentencing guidelines.— (A) In general.— Pursuant to its authority under section 994 of title 28, United States Code, the United States Sentencing Commission shall amend the Federal Sentencing Guidelines to reflect the amendment made by this subsection. (B) Factors for consideration.— In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Commission shall consider— (i) whether the Federal Sentencing Guidelines relating to stalking offenses should be modified in light of the amendment made by this subsection; and (ii) whether any changes the Commission may make to the Federal Sentencing Guidelines pursuant to clause (i) should also be made with respect to offenses under chapter 110A of title 18, United States Code. (c) Interstate Violation of Protection Order.— Section 2262 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking sub section (a) and inserting the following: “(a) Offenses.— “(1) Travel or conduct of offender.— A person who travels in interstate or foreign commerce, or enters or leaves Indian country, with the intent to engage in conduct that violates the portion of a protection order that prohibits or provides protection against violence, threats, or harassment against, contact or communication with, or physical proximity to, another person, or that would violate such a portion of a protection order in the jurisdiction in which the order was issued, and subsequently engages in such conduct, shall be punished as provided in subsection (b). “(2) Causing travel of victim.— A person who causes another person to travel in interstate or foreign commerce or to enter or leave Indian country by force, coercion, duress, or fraud, and in the course of, as a result of, or to facilitate such conduct or travel engages in conduct that violates the portion of a protection order that prohibits or provides protection against violence, threats, or harassment against, contact or communication with, or physical proximity to, another per son, or that would violate such a portion of a protection order in the jurisdiction in which the order was issued, shall be punished as provided in subsection (b).”. (d) Definitions.— Section 2266 of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: “§ 2266. Definitions “In this chapter: “(1) Bodily injury.— The term ‘bodily injury’ means any act, except one done in self-defense, that results in physical injury or sexual abuse. “(2) Course of conduct.— The term ‘course of conduct’ means a pattern of conduct composed of 2 or more acts, evidencing a continuity of purpose. “(3) Enter or leave Indian country.— The term ‘enter or leave Indian country’ includes leaving the jurisdiction of 1 tribal government and entering the jurisdiction of another tribal government. “(4) Indian country.— The term ‘Indian country’ has the meaning stated in section 1151 of this title. “(5) Protection order.— The term ‘protection order’ includes any injunction or other order issued for the purpose of preventing violent or threatening acts or harassment against, or contact or communication with or physical proximity to, another person, including any temporary or final order issued by a civil and criminal court (other than a support or child custody order issued pursuant to State divorce and child custody laws, except to the extent that such an order is entitled to full faith and credit under other Federal law) whether obtained by filing an independent action or as a pendente lite order in another proceeding so long as any civil order was issued in response to a complaint, petition, or motion filed by or on behalf of a person seeking protection. “(6) Serious bodily injury.— The term ‘serious bodily injury’ has the meaning stated in section 2119(2). “(7) Spouse or intimate partner.— The term ‘spouse or intimate partner’ includes— “(A) for purposes of— “(i) sections other than 2261A, a spouse or former spouse of the abuser, a person who shares a child in common with the abuser, and a person who cohabits or has cohabited as a spouse with the abuser; and “(ii) section 2261A, a spouse or former spouse of the target of the stalking, a person who shares a child in common with the target of the stalking, and a person who cohabits or has cohabited as a spouse with the target of the stalking; and “(B) any other person similarly situated to a spouse who is protected by the domestic or family violence laws of the State or tribal jurisdiction in which the injury occurred or where the victim resides. “(8) State.— The term ‘State’ includes a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, and a commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States. “(9) Travel in interstate or foreign commerce.— The term ‘travel in interstate or foreign commerce’ does not include travel from 1 State to another by an individual who is a member of an Indian tribe and who remains at all times in the territory of the Indian tribe of which the individual is a member.”. SEC. 1108. SCHOOL AND CAMPUS SECURITY. (a) Grants To Reduce Violent Crimes Against Women on campus.— Section 826 of the Higher Education Amendments of 1998 (20 U.S.C. 1152) is amended— (1) in paragraphs (2), (6), (7), and (9) of subsection (b), by striking “and domestic violence” and inserting “domestic violence, and dating violence”; (2) in subsection (c)(2)(B), by striking “and domestic violence” and inserting “domestic violence and dating violence”; (3) in subsection (f)— (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively; (B) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as redesignated by subparagraph (A)) the following: “(1) the term ‘dating violence’ means violence committed by a person— “(A) who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the victim; and “(B) where the existence of such a relationship shall be determined based on a consideration of the following factors: “(i) the length of the relationship; “(ii) the type of relationship; and “(iii) the frequency of interaction between the per sons involved in the relationship.”; (C) in paragraph (2) (as redesignated by subparagraph (A)), by inserting “, dating” after “domestic” each place the term appears; and (D) in paragraph (4) (as redesignated by subparagraph (A))—— (i) by inserting “or a public, nonprofit organization acting in a nongovernmental capacity” after “organization”; (ii) by inserting “, dating violence” after “assists domestic violence”; (iii) by striking “or domestic violence” and inserting “, domestic violence or dating violence”; and (iv) by inserting “dating violence,” before “stalking,”; and (4) in subsection (g), by striking “fiscal year 1999 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years” and inserting “each of fiscal years 2001 through 2005”. (b) Matching Grant Program For School Security.— Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 is amended by inserting after part Z the following new part: “PART AA— MATCHING GRANT PROGRAM FOR SCHOOL SECURITY “SEC. 2701. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED. “(a) In General.— The Attorney General is authorized to make grants to States, units of local government, and Indian tribes to provide improved security, including the placement and use of metal detectors and other deterrent measures, at schools and on school grounds. “(b) Uses of Funds.— Grants awarded under this section shall be distributed directly to the State, unit of local government, or Indian tribe, and shall be used to improve security at schools and on school grounds in the jurisdiction of the grantee through one or more of the following: “(1) Placement and use of metal detectors, locks, lighting, and other deterrent measures. “(2) Security assessments. “(3) Security training of personnel and students. “(4) Coordination with local law enforcement. “(5) Any other measure that, in the determination of the Attorney General, may provide a significant improvement in security. “(c) Preferential Consideration.— In awarding grants under this part, the Attorney General shall give preferential consideration, if feasible, to an application from a jurisdiction that has a demonstrated need for improved security, has a demonstrated need for financial assistance, and has evidenced the ability to make the improvements for which the grant amounts are sought. “(d) Matching Funds.— “(1) The portion of the costs of a program provided by a grant under subsection (a) may not exceed 50 percent. “(2) Any funds appropriated by Congress for the activities of any agency of an Indian tribal government or the Bureau of Indian Affairs performing law enforcement functions on any Indian lands may be used to provide the non-Federal share of a matching requirement funded under this subsection. “(3) The Attorney General may provide, in the guidelines implementing this section, for the requirement of paragraph (1) to be waived or altered in the case of a recipient with a financial need for such a waiver or alteration. “(e) Equitable Distribution.— In awarding grants under this part, the Attorney General shall ensure, to the extent practicable, an equitable geographic distribution among the regions of the United States and among urban, suburban, and rural areas. “(f) Administrative Costs.— The Attorney General may reserve not more than 2 percent from amounts appropriated to carry out this part for administrative costs. “SEC. 2702. APPLICATIONS. “(a) In General.— To request a grant under this part, the chief executive of a State, unit of local government, or Indian tribe shall submit an application to the Attorney General at such time, in such maimer, and accompanied by such information as the Attorney General may require. Each application shall— “(1) include a detailed explanation of— “(A) the intended uses of funds provided under the grant; and “(B) how the activities funded under the grant will meet the purpose of this part; and “(2) be accompanied by an assurance that the application was prepared after consultation with individuals not limited to law enforcement officers (such as school violence researchers, child psychologists, social workers, teachers, principals, and other school personnel) to ensure that the improvements to be funded under the grant are— “(A) consistent with a comprehensive approach to preventing school violence; and “(B) individualized to the needs of each school at which those improvements are to be made. “(b) Guidelines.— Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this part, the Attorney General shall promulgate guidelines to implement this section (including the information that must be included and the requirements that the States, units of local government, and Indian tribes must meet) in submitting the applications required under this section. “SEC. 2703. ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS. “Not later than November 30th of each year, the Attorney General shall submit a report to the Congress regarding the activities carried out under this part. Each such report shall include, for the preceding fiscal year, the number of grants funded under this part, the amount of funds provided under those grants, and the activities for which those funds were used. “SEC. 2704. DEFINITIONS. “For purposes of this part— “(1) the term ‘school’ means a public elementary or secondary school; “(2) the term ‘unit of local government’ means a county, municipality, town, township, village, parish, borough, or other unit of general government below the State level; and “(3) the term ‘Indian tribe’ has the same meaning as in section 4(e) of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b(e)). “SEC. 2705. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. “There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2003.”. SEC. 1109. DATING VIOLENCE. (a) Definitions.— (1) Section 2003.— Section 2003 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3996gg-2) is amended— (A) in paragraph (8), by striking the period at the end and inserting and”; and (B) by adding at the end the following: “(9) the term ‘dating violence’ means violence committed by a person— “(A) who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the victim; and “(B) where the existence of such a relationship shall be determined based on a consideration of the following factors: “(i) the length of the relationship; “(ii) the type of relationship; and “(iii) the frequency of interaction between the per sons involved in the relationship.”. (2) Section 2105.— Section 2105 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh–4) is amended— (A) in paragraph (1), by striking “and” at the end; (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and inserting “, and”; and (C) by adding at the end the following: “(3) the term ‘dating violence’ means violence committed by a person— “(A) who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the victim; and “(B) where the existence of such a relationship shall be determined based on a consideration of the following factors: “(i) the length of the relationship; “(ii) the type of relationship; and “(iii) the frequency of interaction between the per sons involved in the relationship.”. (b) STOP Grants.— Section 2001(b) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg(b)) is amended— (1) in paragraph (1), by striking “sexual assault and domestic violence” and inserting “sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence”; and (2) in paragraph (5), by striking “sexual assault and domestic violence” and inserting “sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence”. (c) Grants To Encourage Arrest Policies.— Section 2101(b) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796hh(b)) is amended— (1) in paragraph (2), by inserting “and dating violence” after “domestic violence”; and (2) in paragraph (5), by inserting “and dating violence” after “domestic violence”. (d) Rural Domestic Violence and Child Abuse Enforcement.— Section 40295(a) of the Safe Homes for Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13971(a)) is amended— (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting “and dating violence (as defined in section 2003 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3996gg-2))” after “domestic violence”; and (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting “and dating violence (as defined in section 2003 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3996gg-2))” after “domestic violence”.

7. 2000

   Violence Against Women Act of 2000

   Pub. L. 106–386 § 1103(b)(1)(A)(ii) · 114 Stat. 1464

   Added · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(8); 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(9)

   Pub. L. 106–386, § 1103(b)(1)(A)(ii)–(iv), added pars. (8) and (9)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(8), (9). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1103(b)(1)(A)(ii)–(iv), added pars. (8) and (9).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (ii) in paragraph (6), by striking “and” at the end;

8. 2000

   Violence Against Women Act of 2000

   Pub. L. 106–386 § 1209(c) · 114 Stat. 1464

   Added · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(10)

   Pub. L. 106–386, § 1209(c), added par. (10)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(10). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1209(c), added par. (10).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (c) Protections for Older and Disabled Individuals From Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault in STOP Grants.— Section 2001(b) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg(b)) (as amended by section 1103(b) of this division) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(10) developing, enlarging, or strengthening programs to assist law enforcement, prosecutors, courts, and others to address the needs and circumstances of older and disabled women who are victims of domestic violence or sexual assault, including recognizing, investigating, and prosecuting instances of such violence or assault and targeting outreach and support, counseling, and other victim services to such older and disabled individuals; and”.

9. 2000

   Battered Immigrant Women Protection Act of 2000

   Pub. L. 106–386 § 1512(a) · 114 Stat. 1464

   Added · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(11)

   Pub. L. 106–386, § 1512(a), added par. (11)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(11). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1512(a), added par. (11).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) Law Enforcement and Prosecution Grants.— Section 2001(b) of part T of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg(b)) (as amended by section 1209(c) of this division) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(11) providing assistance to victims of domestic violence and sexual assault in immigration matters.”.

10. 2000

    Violence Against Women Act of 2000

    Pub. L. 106–386 § 1103(b)(1)(B) · 114 Stat. 1464

    Added · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(c)

    Pub. L. 106–386, § 1103(b)(1)(B), added subsec. (c)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 106–386, § 1103(b)(1)(B), added subsec. (c).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) by adding at the end the following: “(c) State Coalition Grants.— “(1) Purpose.— The Attorney General shall award grants to each State domestic violence coalition and sexual assault coalition for the purposes of coordinating State victim services activities, and collaborating and coordinating with Federal, State, and local entities engaged in violence against women activities. “(2) Grants to state coalitions.— The Attorney General shall award grants to— “(A) each State domestic violence coalition, as determined by the Secretary of Health and Human Services through the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (42 U.S.C. 10410 et seq.); and “(B) each State sexual assault coalition, as determined by the Center for Injury Prevention and Control of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 280b et seq.). “(3) Eligibility for other grants.— Receipt of an award under this subsection by each State domestic violence and sexual assault coalition shall not preclude the coalition from receiving additional grants under this part to carry out the purposes described in subsection (b).”;

11. 2004

    DNA Sexual Assault Justice Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–405 title III § 310(a) · 118 Stat. 2260

    Added · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)

    Pub. L. 108–405 added subsec. (d)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 108–405 added subsec. (d).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) In General.— Section 2001 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(d) Tribal Coalition Grants.— “(1) Purpose.— The Attorney General shall award grants to tribal domestic violence and sexual assault coalitions for purposes of— “(A) increasing awareness of domestic violence and sexual assault against American Indian and Alaska Native women; “(B) enhancing the response to violence against American Indian and Alaska Native women at the tribal, Federal, and State levels; and “(C) identifying and providing technical assistance to coalition membership and tribal communities to enhance access to essential services to American Indian women victimized by domestic and sexual violence. “(2) Grants to tribal coalitions.— The Attorney General shall award grants under paragraph (1) to— “(A) established nonprofit, nongovernmental tribal coalitions addressing domestic violence and sexual assault against American Indian and Alaska Native women; and “(B) individuals or organizations that propose to incorporate as nonprofit, nongovernmental tribal coalitions to address domestic violence and sexual assault against American Indian and Alaska Native women. “(3) Eligibility for other grants.— Receipt of an award under this subsection by tribal domestic violence and sexual assault coalitions shall not preclude the coalition from receiving additional grants under this title to carry out the purposes described in subsection (b).” .

12. 2006

    Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005

    Pub. L. 109–162 title I § 101(b) · 119 Stat. 2960

    Added · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)

    Pub. L. 109–162 added pars. (12) to (14)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–162 added pars. (12) to (14).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Purpose Area Enhancements.— Section 2001(b) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg(b)) is amended— (1) in paragraph (10), by striking “and” after the semicolon; (2) in paragraph (11), by striking the period and inserting a semicolon; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(12) maintaining core victim services and criminal justice initiatives, while supporting complementary new initiatives and emergency services for victims and their families; “(13) Jessica Gonzales. supporting the placement of special victim assistants (to be known as ‘Jessica Gonzales Victim Assistants’) in local law enforcement agencies to serve as liaisons between victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking and personnel in local law enforcement agencies in order to improve the enforcement of protection orders. Jessica Gonzales Victim Assistants shall have expertise in domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking and may undertake the following activities— “(A) developing, in collaboration with prosecutors, courts, and victim service providers, standardized response policies for local law enforcement agencies, including triage protocols to ensure that dangerous or potentially lethal cases are identified and prioritized; “(B) notifying persons seeking enforcement of protection orders as to what responses will be provided by the relevant law enforcement agency; “(C) referring persons seeking enforcement of protection orders to supplementary services (such as emergency shelter programs, hotlines, or legal assistance services); and “(D) taking other appropriate action to assist or secure the safety of the person seeking enforcement of a protection order; and “(14) Crystal Judson. to provide funding to law enforcement agencies, nonprofit nongovernmental victim services providers, and State, tribal, territorial, and local governments, (which funding stream shall be known as the Crystal Judson Domestic Violence Protocol Program) to promote— “(A) the development and implementation of training for local victim domestic violence service providers, and to fund victim services personnel, to be known as ‘Crystal Judson Victim Advocates,’ to provide supportive services and advocacy for victims of domestic violence committed by law enforcement personnel; “(B) the implementation of protocols within law enforcement agencies to ensure consistent and effective responses to the commission of domestic violence by personnel within such agencies (such as the model policy promulgated by the International Association of Chiefs of Police (‘Domestic Violence by Police Officers: A Policy of the IACP, Police Response to Violence Against Women Project’ July 2003)); “(C) the development of such protocols in collaboration with State, tribal, territorial and local victim service providers and domestic violence coalitions. Any Reports. law enforcement, State, tribal, territorial, or local government agency receiving funding under the Crystal Judson Domestic Violence Protocol Program under paragraph (14) shall on an annual basis, receive additional training on the topic of incidents of domestic violence committed by law enforcement personnel from domestic violence and sexual assault nonprofit organizations and, after a period of 2 years, provide a report of the adopted protocol to the Department of Justice, including a summary of progress in implementing such protocol.” .

13. 2010

    CAPTA Reauthorization Act of 2010

    Pub. L. 111–320 title II § 202(c) · 124 Stat. 3459

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(c)(2)(A)

    Pub. L. 111–320 substituted “under section 10411 of this title” for “through the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (42 U.S.C. 10410 et seq.)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 111–320 substituted “under section 10411 of this title” for “through the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (42 U.S.C. 10410 et seq.)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (c) Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968.— Section 2001(c)(2)(A) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg(c)(2)(A)) is amended by striking “through the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (42 U.S.C. 10410 et seq.)” and inserting “under section 311 of the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act”.

14. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(A) · 127 Stat. 54

    1. Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(A), substituted “resources” for “equipment”

    2. Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(A), inserted “for the protection and safety of victims,” after “women,” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(A), substituted “resources” for “equipment” and inserted “for the protection and safety of victims,” after “women,” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)— (i) by striking “equipment” and inserting “resources”; and (ii) by inserting “for the protection and safety of victims,” after “women,”;

15. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(B) · 127 Stat. 54

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(1)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(B), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, including the appropriate use of nonimmigrant status under subparagraphs (T) and (U) of section 1101(a)(15) of title 8” for “sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(B), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, including the appropriate use of nonimmigrant status under subparagraphs (T) and (U) of section 1101(a)(15) of title 8” for “sexual assault, domestic violence, and dating violence”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) in paragraph (1), by striking “sexual assault” and all that follows through “dating violence” and inserting “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, including the appropriate use of nonimmigrant status under subparagraphs (T) and (U) of section 101(a)(15) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a))”;

16. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(C) · 127 Stat. 54

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(2)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(C), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(C), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (C) in paragraph (2), by striking “sexual assault and domestic violence” and inserting “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking”;

17. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(D) · 127 Stat. 54

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(3)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(D), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, as well as the appropriate treatment of victims” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(D), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, as well as the appropriate treatment of victims” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (D) in paragraph (3), by striking “sexual assault and domestic violence” and inserting “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, as well as the appropriate treatment of victims”;

18. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(E) · 127 Stat. 54

    1. Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(4)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(E), inserted “, classifying,” after “identifying”

    2. Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(4)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(E), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(E), inserted “, classifying,” after “identifying” and substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (E) in paragraph (4)— (i) by striking “sexual assault and domestic violence” and inserting “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking”; and (ii) by inserting “, classifying,” after “identifying”;

19. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(F)(iii) · 127 Stat. 54

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(5)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(F)(iii), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(F)(iii), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (iii) by striking “sexual assault and domestic violence” and inserting “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking”;

20. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(F)(ii) · 127 Stat. 54

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(5)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(F)(ii), which directed substitution of “domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking” for “domestic violence and dating violence”, was executed by making the substitution for “domestic violence, and dating violence” to reflect the probable intent of Congress

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(F)(ii), which directed substitution of “domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking” for “domestic violence and dating violence”, was executed by making the substitution for “domestic violence, and dating violence” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (ii) by striking “domestic violence and dating violence” and inserting “domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking”; and

21. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(F)(i) · 127 Stat. 54

    Changed · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(5)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(F)(i), which directed insertion of “and legal assistance” after “victim services”, was executed by making the insertion after “victim services” the first time appearing to reflect the probable intent of Congress

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(F)(i), which directed insertion of “and legal assistance” after “victim services”, was executed by making the insertion after “victim services” the first time appearing to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (i) by inserting “and legal assistance” after “victim services”;

22. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(H) · 127 Stat. 54

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(6)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(H), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(H), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking” for “sexual assault and domestic violence”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (H) in paragraph (6), as redesignated by subparagraph (G), by striking “sexual assault and domestic violence” and inserting “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking”;

23. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(G) · 127 Stat. 54

    1. Redesignated · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(6)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (7) as (6)

    2. Struck · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(6)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), struck out former par. (6) which read as follows: “developing, enlarging, or strengthening programs addressing stalking;”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (7) as (6) and struck out former par. (6) which read as follows: “developing, enlarging, or strengthening programs addressing stalking;”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (G) by striking paragraph (6) and redesignating paragraphs (7) through (14) as paragraphs (6) through (13), respectively;

24. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(I) · 127 Stat. 54

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(7)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(I), substituted “dating violence, and stalking” for “and dating violence”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(7). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(I), substituted “dating violence, and stalking” for “and dating violence”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (I) in paragraph (7), as redesignated by subparagraph (G), by striking “and dating violence” and inserting “dating violence, and stalking”;

25. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(G) · 127 Stat. 54

    Redesignated · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(7)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (8) as (7). Former par. (7) redesignated (6)

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (8) as (7). Former par. (7) redesignated (6).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (G) by striking paragraph (6) and redesignating paragraphs (7) through (14) as paragraphs (6) through (13), respectively;

26. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(G) · 127 Stat. 54

    Redesignated · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(8)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (9) as (8). Former par. (8) redesignated (7)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(8). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (9) as (8). Former par. (8) redesignated (7).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (G) by striking paragraph (6) and redesignating paragraphs (7) through (14) as paragraphs (6) through (13), respectively;

27. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(J) · 127 Stat. 54

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(9)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(J), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking” for “domestic violence or sexual assault”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(9). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(J), substituted “domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking” for “domestic violence or sexual assault”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (J) in paragraph (9), as redesignated by subparagraph (G), by striking “domestic violence or sexual assault” and inserting “ domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking”;

28. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(G) · 127 Stat. 54

    Redesignated · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(9)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (10) as (9). Former par. (9) redesignated (8)

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (10) as (9). Former par. (9) redesignated (8).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (G) by striking paragraph (6) and redesignating paragraphs (7) through (14) as paragraphs (6) through (13), respectively;

29. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(G) · 127 Stat. 54

    Redesignated · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(10); 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(11)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated pars. (11) and (12) as (10) and (11), respectively. Former par. (10) redesignated (9)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(10), (11). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated pars. (11) and (12) as (10) and (11), respectively. Former par. (10) redesignated (9).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (G) by striking paragraph (6) and redesignating paragraphs (7) through (14) as paragraphs (6) through (13), respectively;

30. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(G) · 127 Stat. 54

    Redesignated · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(12)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (13) as (12). Former par. (12) redesignated (11)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(12). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (13) as (12). Former par. (12) redesignated (11).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (G) by striking paragraph (6) and redesignating paragraphs (7) through (14) as paragraphs (6) through (13), respectively;

31. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(K)(i) · 127 Stat. 54

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(12)(A)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(K)(i), substituted “the use of evidence-based indicators to assess the risk of domestic and dating violence homicide and prioritize dangerous or potentially lethal cases” for “triage protocols to ensure that dangerous or potentially lethal cases are identified and prioritized”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(12)(A). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(K)(i), substituted “the use of evidence-based indicators to assess the risk of domestic and dating violence homicide and prioritize dangerous or potentially lethal cases” for “triage protocols to ensure that dangerous or potentially lethal cases are identified and prioritized”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking “triage protocols to ensure that dangerous or potentially lethal cases are identified and prioritized” and inserting “the use of evidence-based indicators to assess the risk of domestic and dating violence homicide and prioritize dangerous or potentially lethal cases”; and

32. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(K)(ii) · 127 Stat. 54

    Struck · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(12)(D)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(K)(ii), struck out “and” after semicolon

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(12)(D). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(K)(ii), struck out “and” after semicolon.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (ii) by striking “and” at the end;

33. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(L) · 127 Stat. 54

    1. Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(13)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(L), in introductory provisions, substituted “providing” for “to provide”

    2. Struck · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(13)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(L), in introductory provisions, struck out “nonprofit nongovernmental” before “victim services”

    3. Struck · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(13)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(L), in introductory provisions, struck out comma after “local governments”, and in concluding provisions

    4. Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(13)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(L), in introductory provisions, substituted “paragraph (13)” for “paragraph (14)”

    5. Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(13)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(L), in introductory provisions, substituted semicolon for period at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(13). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(L), in introductory provisions, substituted “providing” for “to provide”, struck out “nonprofit nongovernmental” before “victim services”, and struck out comma after “local governments”, and in concluding provisions, substituted “paragraph (13)” for “paragraph (14)” and substituted semicolon for period at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (L) in paragraph (13), as redesignated by subparagraph (G)— (i) by striking “to provide” and inserting “providing”; (ii) by striking “nonprofit nongovernmental”; (iii) by striking the comma after “local governments”; (iv) in the matter following subparagraph (C), by striking “paragraph (14)” and inserting “paragraph (13)”; and (v) by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and

34. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(G) · 127 Stat. 54

    Redesignated · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(13)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (14) as (13). Former par. (13) redesignated (12)

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(G), redesignated par. (14) as (13). Former par. (13) redesignated (12).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (G) by striking paragraph (6) and redesignating paragraphs (7) through (14) as paragraphs (6) through (13), respectively;

35. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(M) · 127 Stat. 54

    Redesignated · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(14)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(M), added par. (14). Former par. (14) redesignated (13)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(14). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(M), added par. (14). Former par. (14) redesignated (13).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (M) by inserting after paragraph (13), as redesignated by subparagraph (G), the following: “(14) developing and promoting State, local, or tribal legislation and policies that enhance best practices for responding to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking; “(15) developing, implementing, or enhancing Sexual Assault Response Teams, or other similar coordinated community responses to sexual assault; “(16) developing and strengthening policies, protocols, best practices, and training for law enforcement agencies and prosecutors relating to the investigation and prosecution of sexual assault cases and the appropriate treatment of victims; “(17) developing, enlarging, or strengthening programs addressing sexual assault against men, women, and youth in correctional and detention settings; “(18) identifying and conducting inventories of backlogs of sexual assault evidence collection kits and developing protocols and policies for responding to and addressing such backlogs, including protocols and policies for notifying and involving victims; “(19) developing, enlarging, or strengthening programs and projects to provide services and responses targeting male and female victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking, whose ability to access traditional services and responses is affected by their sexual orientation or gender identity, as defined in section 249(c) of title 18, United States Code; and “(20) developing, enhancing, or strengthening prevention and educational programming to address domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking, with not more than 5 percent of the amount allocated to a State to be used for this purpose.” ;

36. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 101(2)(M) · 127 Stat. 54

    Added · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(15)(20)

    Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(M), added pars. (15) to (20)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(15) to (20). Pub. L. 113–4, § 101(2)(M), added pars. (15) to (20).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (M) by inserting after paragraph (13), as redesignated by subparagraph (G), the following: “(14) developing and promoting State, local, or tribal legislation and policies that enhance best practices for responding to domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking; “(15) developing, implementing, or enhancing Sexual Assault Response Teams, or other similar coordinated community responses to sexual assault; “(16) developing and strengthening policies, protocols, best practices, and training for law enforcement agencies and prosecutors relating to the investigation and prosecution of sexual assault cases and the appropriate treatment of victims; “(17) developing, enlarging, or strengthening programs addressing sexual assault against men, women, and youth in correctional and detention settings; “(18) identifying and conducting inventories of backlogs of sexual assault evidence collection kits and developing protocols and policies for responding to and addressing such backlogs, including protocols and policies for notifying and involving victims; “(19) developing, enlarging, or strengthening programs and projects to provide services and responses targeting male and female victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking, whose ability to access traditional services and responses is affected by their sexual orientation or gender identity, as defined in section 249(c) of title 18, United States Code; and “(20) developing, enhancing, or strengthening prevention and educational programming to address domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking, with not more than 5 percent of the amount allocated to a State to be used for this purpose.” ;

37. 2013

    Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

    Pub. L. 113–4 § 902 · 127 Stat. 54

    1. Added · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 902, added subsec. (d)

    2. Struck · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)

       Pub. L. 113–4, § 902, struck out former subsec. (d) which related to tribal coalition grants

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 113–4, § 902, added subsec. (d) and struck out former subsec. (d) which related to tribal coalition grants.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 902. GRANTS TO INDIAN TRIBAL COALITIONS.   Section 2001 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796gg) is amended by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following: “(d) Tribal Coalition Grants.— “(1) Purpose.— The Attorney General shall award a grant to tribal coalitions for purposes of— “(A) increasing awareness of domestic violence and sexual assault against Indian women; “(B) enhancing the response to violence against Indian women at the Federal, State, and tribal levels; “(C) identifying and providing technical assistance to coalition membership and tribal communities to enhance access to essential services to Indian women victimized by domestic and sexual violence, including sex trafficking; and “(D) assisting Indian tribes in developing and promoting State, local, and tribal legislation and policies that enhance best practices for responding to violent crimes against Indian women, including the crimes of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, sex trafficking, and stalking. “(2) Grants.— The Attorney General shall award grants on an annual basis under paragraph (1) to— “(A) each tribal coalition that— “(i) meets the criteria of a tribal coalition under section 40002(a) of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13925(a)); “(ii) is recognized by the Office on Violence Against Women; and “(iii) provides services to Indian tribes; and “(B) organizations that propose to incorporate and operate a tribal coalition in areas where Indian tribes are located but no tribal coalition exists. “(3) Use of amounts.— For each of fiscal years 2014 through 2018, of the amounts appropriated to carry out this subsection— “(A) not more than 10 percent shall be made available to organizations described in paragraph (2)(B), provided that 1 or more organizations determined by the Attorney General to be qualified apply; “(B) not less than 90 percent shall be made available to tribal coalitions described in paragraph (2)(A), which amounts shall be distributed equally among each eligible tribal coalition for the applicable fiscal year. “(4) Eligibility for other grants.— Receipt of an award under this subsection by a tribal coalition shall not preclude the tribal coalition from receiving additional grants under this title to carry out the purposes described in paragraph (1). “(5) Multiple purpose applications.— Nothing in this subsection prohibits any tribal coalition or organization described in paragraph (2) from applying for funding to address sexual assault or domestic violence needs in the same application.” .

38. 2022

    Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2022

    Pub. L. 117–103 § 101(a)(1)(A)(i) · 136 Stat. 49

    Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(3)

    Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(i), inserted “, including implementation of the grant conditions in section 12291(b) of this title” before semicolon at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(i), inserted “, including implementation of the grant conditions in section 12291(b) of this title” before semicolon at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 101. During the current fiscal year, applicable appropriations and funds made available to the Department of Commerce by this Act shall be available for the activities specified in the Act of October 26, 1949 (15 U.S.C. 1514), to the extent and in the manner prescribed by the Act, and, notwithstanding 31 U.S.C. 3324, may be used for advanced payments not otherwise authorized only upon the certification of officials designated by the Secretary of Commerce that such payments are in the public interest.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

39. 2022

    Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2022

    Pub. L. 117–103 § 101(a)(1)(A)(ii) · 136 Stat. 49

    Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(5)

    Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(ii), inserted “and legal assistance” after “improving delivery of victim services”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(ii), inserted “and legal assistance” after “improving delivery of victim services”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 101. During the current fiscal year, applicable appropriations and funds made available to the Department of Commerce by this Act shall be available for the activities specified in the Act of October 26, 1949 (15 U.S.C. 1514), to the extent and in the manner prescribed by the Act, and, notwithstanding 31 U.S.C. 3324, may be used for advanced payments not otherwise authorized only upon the certification of officials designated by the Secretary of Commerce that such payments are in the public interest.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

40. 2022

    Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2022

    Pub. L. 117–103 § 101(a)(1)(A)(iii) · 136 Stat. 49

    1. Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(9)

       Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(iii), substituted “individuals 50 years of age or over, individuals with disabilities, and Deaf individuals” for “older and disabled women”

    2. Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(9)

       Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(iii), substituted “such individuals” for “such older and disabled individuals”

    3. Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(9)

       Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(iii), inserted “legal assistance,” after “counseling,”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(9). Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(iii), substituted “individuals 50 years of age or over, individuals with disabilities, and Deaf individuals” for “older and disabled women” and “such individuals” for “such older and disabled individuals” and inserted “legal assistance,” after “counseling,”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 101. During the current fiscal year, applicable appropriations and funds made available to the Department of Commerce by this Act shall be available for the activities specified in the Act of October 26, 1949 (15 U.S.C. 1514), to the extent and in the manner prescribed by the Act, and, notwithstanding 31 U.S.C. 3324, may be used for advanced payments not otherwise authorized only upon the certification of officials designated by the Secretary of Commerce that such payments are in the public interest.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

41. 2022

    Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2022

    Pub. L. 117–103 § 101(a)(1)(A)(iv) · 136 Stat. 49

    Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(11)

    Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(iv), inserted “, including rehabilitative work with offenders” before semicolon at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(11). Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(iv), inserted “, including rehabilitative work with offenders” before semicolon at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 101. During the current fiscal year, applicable appropriations and funds made available to the Department of Commerce by this Act shall be available for the activities specified in the Act of October 26, 1949 (15 U.S.C. 1514), to the extent and in the manner prescribed by the Act, and, notwithstanding 31 U.S.C. 3324, may be used for advanced payments not otherwise authorized only upon the certification of officials designated by the Secretary of Commerce that such payments are in the public interest.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

42. 2022

    Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2022

    Pub. L. 117–103 § 101(a)(1)(A)(vi)(I) · 136 Stat. 49

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(20)

    Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(vi)(I), substituted “stalking, or female genital mutilation or cutting” for “or stalking”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(20). Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(vi)(I), substituted “stalking, or female genital mutilation or cutting” for “or stalking”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 101. During the current fiscal year, applicable appropriations and funds made available to the Department of Commerce by this Act shall be available for the activities specified in the Act of October 26, 1949 (15 U.S.C. 1514), to the extent and in the manner prescribed by the Act, and, notwithstanding 31 U.S.C. 3324, may be used for advanced payments not otherwise authorized only upon the certification of officials designated by the Secretary of Commerce that such payments are in the public interest.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

43. 2022

    Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2022

    Pub. L. 117–103 § 101(a)(1)(A)(v) · 136 Stat. 49

    Added · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(b)(21)(24)

    Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(v), (vi)(II), (vii), added pars. (21) to (24)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(21) to (24). Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(A)(v), (vi)(II), (vii), added pars. (21) to (24).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 101. During the current fiscal year, applicable appropriations and funds made available to the Department of Commerce by this Act shall be available for the activities specified in the Act of October 26, 1949 (15 U.S.C. 1514), to the extent and in the manner prescribed by the Act, and, notwithstanding 31 U.S.C. 3324, may be used for advanced payments not otherwise authorized only upon the certification of officials designated by the Secretary of Commerce that such payments are in the public interest.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

44. 2022

    Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2022

    Pub. L. 117–103 § 101(a)(1)(B) · 136 Stat. 49

    Substituted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)(3)

    Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(B), substituted “2023 through 2027” for “2014 through 2018” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 117–103, § 101(a)(1)(B), substituted “2023 through 2027” for “2014 through 2018” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 101. During the current fiscal year, applicable appropriations and funds made available to the Department of Commerce by this Act shall be available for the activities specified in the Act of October 26, 1949 (15 U.S.C. 1514), to the extent and in the manner prescribed by the Act, and, notwithstanding 31 U.S.C. 3324, may be used for advanced payments not otherwise authorized only upon the certification of officials designated by the Secretary of Commerce that such payments are in the public interest.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

45. 2022

    VAWA Technical Amendment Act of 2022

    Pub. L. 117–315 § 2(a)(1)(A) · 136 Stat. 4404

    Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)(1)(A); 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)(1)(B)

    Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(a)(1)(A), (B), inserted “or Native Hawaiian” after “Indian”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d)(1)(A), (B). Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(a)(1)(A), (B), inserted “or Native Hawaiian” after “Indian”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting “or Native Hawaiian” after “Indian”;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

46. 2022

    VAWA Technical Amendment Act of 2022

    Pub. L. 117–315 § 2(a)(1)(C) · 136 Stat. 4404

    Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)(1)(C)

    Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(a)(1)(C), inserted “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “tribal communities” and “or Native Hawaiian” after “Indian”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d)(1)(C). Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(a)(1)(C), inserted “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “tribal communities” and “or Native Hawaiian” after “Indian”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (C) in subparagraph (C)— (i) by inserting “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “tribal communities”; and (ii) by inserting “or Native Hawaiian” after “Indian”; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

47. 2022

    VAWA Technical Amendment Act of 2022

    Pub. L. 117–315 § 2(a)(1)(D) · 136 Stat. 4404

    Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)(1)(D)

    Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(a)(1)(D), inserted “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “Indian tribes” and “or Native Hawaiian” after “against Indian”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d)(1)(D). Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(a)(1)(D), inserted “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “Indian tribes” and “or Native Hawaiian” after “against Indian”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (D) in subparagraph (D)— (i) by inserting “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “Indian tribes”; and (ii) by inserting “or Native Hawaiian” after “against Indian”;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

48. 2022

    VAWA Technical Amendment Act of 2022

    Pub. L. 117–315 § 2(a)(2) · 136 Stat. 4404

    Inserted · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)(2)(A)(iii); 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)(2)(A)(B)

    Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(a)(2), inserted “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “Indian tribes”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d)(2)(A)(iii), (B). Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(a)(2), inserted “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “Indian tribes”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in paragraph (2)— (A) in subparagraph (A)(iii), by inserting “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “Indian tribes”; and (B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “Indian tribes”; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

49. 2022

    VAWA Technical Amendment Act of 2022

    Pub. L. 117–315 § 2(a)(3) · 136 Stat. 4404

    Added · 34 U.S.C. § 10441(d)(6)

    Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(a)(3), added par. (6)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(a)(3), added par. (6).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) by adding at the end the following: “(6) Native hawaiian defined.— In this subsection, the term ‘Native Hawaiian’ has the meaning given that term in section 801 of the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4221).” .

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 117–315, § 3, Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4405, provided that: “This Act [see Short Title of 2022 Amendment note set out under section 10101 of this title] shall become effective one day after enactment [Dec. 27, 2022].” Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after Mar. 15, 2022, see section 4(a) of div. W of Pub. L. 117–103, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6851 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

56 of 61 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 5 partial