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Title 42 — The Public Health and Welfare

Chapter 16 — National Science Foundation

§ 1863. National Science Board

Statutory text

(a)

Composition; appointment; establishment of policies of the Foundation

The Board shall consist of twenty-four members to be appointed by the President and of the Director ex officio. In addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this chapter, the Board shall establish the policies of the Foundation, within the framework of applicable national policies as set forth by the President and the Congress.

(b)

Executive Committee; delegation of powers and functions

The Board shall have an Executive Committee as provided in section 1865 of this title, and may delegate to it or to the Director or both such of the powers and functions granted to the Board by this chapter as it deems appropriate.

(c)

Meetings; nominations; quorum; notice

The persons nominated for appointment as members of the Board (1) shall be eminent in the fields of the basic, medical, or social sciences, engineering, agriculture, education, research management, or public affairs; (2) shall be selected solely on the basis of established rec­ords of distinguished service; and (3) shall be so selected as to provide representation of the views of scientific and engineering leaders in all areas of the Nation. In making nominations under this section, the President shall give due regard to equitable representation of scientists and engineers who are women or who represent minority groups. The President is requested, in the making of nominations of persons for appointment as members, to give due consideration to any recommendations for nomination which may be submitted to him by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities, or by other scientific, engineering, or educational organizations.

(d)

Term of office; reappointment

The term of office of each member of the Board shall be six years; except that any member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Any person, other than the Director, who has been a member of the Board for twelve consecutive years shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the two-year period following the expiration of such twelfth year.

(e)

Meetings; quorum; notice

The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the annual meeting for a day in May other than the third Monday, and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request in writing. The Board shall adopt procedures governing the conduct of its meetings, including delivery of notice and a definition of a quorum, which in no case shall be less than one-half plus one of the confirmed members of the Board.

(f)

Election of Chairman and Vice Chairman; va­cancy

The election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board shall take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy.

(g)

Appointment and assignment of staff; compensation; security requirements

The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of professional staff members, technical and professional personnel on leave of absence from academic, industrial, or research institutions for a limited term, and such operations and support staff members as may be necessary. Such staff shall be appointed by the Chairman and assigned at the direction of the Board. The professional members and limited term technical and professional personnel of such staff may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5 governing appointments in the competitive service, and the provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to classification, and shall be compensated at a rate not exceeding the maximum rate payable under section 5376 of such title, as may be necessary to provide for the performance of such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in connection with the exercise of its powers and functions under this chapter. Section 1873(a)(3) of this title shall apply to each limited term appointment of technical and professional personnel under this subsection. Each appointment under this subsection shall be subject to the same security requirements as those required for personnel of the Foundation appointed under section 1873(a) of this title.

(h)

Special commissions

The Board is authorized to establish such special commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for the purposes of this chapter.

(i)

Committees; survey and advisory functions

The Board is also authorized to appoint from among its members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign to committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as the Board deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its powers and functions under this chapter.

(j)

Report to President; submittal to Congress

(1)

The Board shall render to the President and the Congress no later than March 15 of each even numbered year, a report on indicators of the state of science and engineering in the United States.

(2)

The Board shall render to the President and the Congress reports on specific, individual policy matters within the authority of the Foundation (or otherwise as requested by the Congress or the President) related to science and engineering and education in science and engineering, as the Board, the President, or the Congress determines the need for such reports.

(k)

Closed meetings

Portions of Board meetings in which the Board considers proposed Foundation budgets for a particular fiscal year may be closed to the public until the President’s budget for that fiscal year has been submitted to the Congress.

(l)

Financial disclosure report for Board members

Members of the Board shall be required to file a financial disclosure report under title II of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.; 1 92 Stat. 1836), except that such reports shall be held confidential and exempt from any law otherwise requiring their public disclosure.

Footnotes

  1. 1 See References in Text note below.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

  1. National Science Foundation Act of 1950

    Pub. L. 81–171 § 4 · 64 Stat. 149

    Enacted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863

    May 10, 1950, ch. 171, § 4, 64 Stat. 150

    Source evidence

    Code source credit
    May 10, 1950, ch. 171, § 4, 64 Stat. 150

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 4. national science board (a) The Board shall consist of twenty-four members to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and of the Director ex officio, and shall, except as otherwise provided in this Act, exercise the authority granted to the Foundation by this Act. The persons nominated for appointment as members (1) shall be eminent in the fields of the basic sciences, medical science, engineering, agriculture, education, or public affairs; (2) shall be selected solely on the basis of established records of distinguished service; and (3) shall be so selected as to provide representation of the views of scientific leaders in all areas of t re Nation. The President is requested, in the making of nominations of persons for appointment as members, to give due consideration to any recommendations for nomination which may be submitted to him by the National Academy of Sciences, the Association of Land Grant Colleges and Universities, the National Association of State Universities, the Association of American Colleges, or by other scientific or educational organizations. (b) The term of office of each voting member of the Board shall be six years, except that (1) any member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term; and (2) the terms of office of the members first taking office after the date of enactment of this Act shall expire, as designated by the President at the time of appointment, eight at the end of two years, eight at the end of four years, and eight at the end of six years, after the date of enactment of this Act. Any person who has been a member of the Board for twelve consecutive years shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the two-year period following the expiration of such twelfth year. (c) The President shall call the first meeting of the Board, at which the first order of business shall be the election of a chairman and a vice chairman. (d) The Board shall meet annually on the first Monday in December and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request in Quorum. writing. A majority of the voting members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, by registered mail mailed to his last-known address of record not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting. (e) The first Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board shall be Chairman and Vice Chairman. elected by the Board to serve until the first Monday in December next succeeding the date of election at which time a Chairman and Vice Chairman shall be elected for a term of two years. Thereafter such election shall take place at the annual meeting occurring at the end of each such term. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy.

  2. Pub. L. 86–232 § 2 · 73 Stat. 467

    Amended · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(d)

    Pub. L. 86–232 changed annual meeting of Board from first Monday in December to third Monday or other designated day in May

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 86–232 changed annual meeting of Board from first Monday in December to third Monday or other designated day in May.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 2. Section 4(d) and section 4(e) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended, are amended to read as follows: 42 USC 1863. Meetings. “(d) The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May, unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the annual meeting for a day in May, other than the third Monday, and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request in writing. A majority of the voting members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, by registered mail mailed to his last known address of record not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting. “(e) An election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board Chairman and Vice Chairman. Election. shall take place at the first meeting of the National Science Board following enactment of this legislation. Thereafter such election shall take place at the second annual meeting occurring after each such election. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy.”

  3. Pub. L. 86–232 § 2 · 73 Stat. 467

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(e)

    Pub. L. 86–232 substituted provision for an election of a Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board at first meeting of Board following enactment of Pub. L. 86–232 and at each second annual meeting thereafter in place of provision for election of the first Chairman and Vice Chairman to serve until first Monday in December next succeeding date of election and for election of subsequent officers for terms of two years thereafter

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 86–232 substituted provision for an election of a Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board at first meeting of Board following enactment of Pub. L. 86–232 and at each second annual meeting thereafter in place of provision for election of the first Chairman and Vice Chairman to serve until first Monday in December next succeeding date of election and for election of subsequent officers for terms of two years thereafter.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 2. Section 4(d) and section 4(e) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended, are amended to read as follows: 42 USC 1863. Meetings. “(d) The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May, unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the annual meeting for a day in May, other than the third Monday, and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request in writing. A majority of the voting members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, by registered mail mailed to his last known address of record not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting. “(e) An election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board Chairman and Vice Chairman. Election. shall take place at the first meeting of the National Science Board following enactment of this legislation. Thereafter such election shall take place at the second annual meeting occurring after each such election. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy.”

  4. Pub. L. 86–507 § 1(36) · 74 Stat. 200

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(d)

    Pub. L. 86–507 inserted “or by certified mail” after “registered mail”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 86–507 inserted “or by certified mail” after “registered mail”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) section 12(b) of the Act of August 2, 1939, as added by section 4 of the Act of July 19, 1940 (54 Stat. 767; 5 U.S.C. 118k), is amended by inserting “or by certified mail” immediately following the words “registered mail” wherever such words appear therein.

  5. Pub. L. 90–407 § 2 · 82 Stat. 360

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(a)

    Pub. L. 90–407 substituted provisions which authorized the Board to establish the policies of the Foundation in addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this chapter, for provisions which authorized the Board, except as otherwise provided by this chapter, to exercise the authority granted to the Foundation by this chapter. Provisions of this subsection, which enumerated the qualifications of persons nominated for appointment to the Board and provided for the specified organizations to make recommendations to the President of individuals qualified for nomination, were designated as subsec. (c)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 90–407 substituted provisions which authorized the Board to establish the policies of the Foundation in addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this chapter, for provisions which authorized the Board, except as otherwise provided by this chapter, to exercise the authority granted to the Foundation by this chapter. Provisions of this subsection, which enumerated the qualifications of persons nominated for appointment to the Board and provided for the specified organizations to make recommendations to the President of individuals qualified for nomination, were designated as subsec. (c).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 2. Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 National Science Board. 64 Stat. 150. 42 USC 1863. is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 4. “national science board (a) The Hoard shall consist of twenty-four members to Membership. be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and of the Director ex officio. In addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this Act, the Board shall establish the policies of the Foundation. “(b) The Board shall have an Executive Committee as provided in section 7, and may delegate to it or to the Director or both such of Post, p. 364. the powers and functions granted to the Board by this Act as it deems appropriate, “(c) The persons nominated for appointment as members of the Board (1) shall be eminent in the fields of the basic, medical, or social sciences, engineering, agriculture, education, research management, or public affairs; (2) shall be selected solely on the basis of established records of distinguished service; and (3) shall be so selected as to provide representation of the views of seientific leaders in all areas of the Nation. The President is requested, in the making of nominations of persons for appointment as members, to give due consideration to any recommendations for nomination which may be submitted to him by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities, or by other scientific or educational organizations. “(d) The term of office of each member of the Board shall be six years; except that any member appointed to fit! a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Any person, other than the Director, who has been a member of the Board for twelve consecutive years shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the two-year period following the expiration of such twelfth year. “(e) The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the annual meeting for a day in May other than the third Monday, and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request, in writing. A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, by registered mail or certified mail mailed to his last known address of record not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting. “(f) The election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board shall take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy. “(g) The Board shall render an annual report to the President, for submission on or before the 31st day of January of each year to the Congress, on the status and health of science and its various disciplines. Such report shall include an assessment of such matters as national scientific resources and trained manpower, progress in selected areas of basic scientific research, and an indication of those aspects of such progress which might be applied to the needs of American society. The report may include such recommendations as the Board may deem timely and appropriate. “(h) The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of not more than five professional staff members and such clerical staff members as may be necessary. Such staff shall be appointed by the Director and assigned at the direction of the Board. The professional members of such staff may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and the provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to 80 Stat. 443. 5 USC 5101. classification, and compensated at a rate not exceeding the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS-15 of the General Schedule under 5 USC 5332 note. section 5322 of such title, as may be necessary to provide for the performance of such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in connection with the exercise of its powers and functions under this Act. Each appointment under this subsection shall be subject to the same security requirements as those required for personnel of the Post, p. 365. Foundation appointed under section 15(a). “(i) The Board is authorized to establish such special commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for the purposes of this Act. “(j) The Board is also authorized to appoint from among its members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign to committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as the Board deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its powers and functions under this Act.”

  6. Pub. L. 90–407 § 2 · 82 Stat. 360

    Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(b)

    Pub. L. 90–407 added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (d)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 90–407 added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (d).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 2. Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 National Science Board. 64 Stat. 150. 42 USC 1863. is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 4. “national science board (a) The Hoard shall consist of twenty-four members to Membership. be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and of the Director ex officio. In addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this Act, the Board shall establish the policies of the Foundation. “(b) The Board shall have an Executive Committee as provided in section 7, and may delegate to it or to the Director or both such of Post, p. 364. the powers and functions granted to the Board by this Act as it deems appropriate, “(c) The persons nominated for appointment as members of the Board (1) shall be eminent in the fields of the basic, medical, or social sciences, engineering, agriculture, education, research management, or public affairs; (2) shall be selected solely on the basis of established records of distinguished service; and (3) shall be so selected as to provide representation of the views of seientific leaders in all areas of the Nation. The President is requested, in the making of nominations of persons for appointment as members, to give due consideration to any recommendations for nomination which may be submitted to him by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities, or by other scientific or educational organizations. “(d) The term of office of each member of the Board shall be six years; except that any member appointed to fit! a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Any person, other than the Director, who has been a member of the Board for twelve consecutive years shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the two-year period following the expiration of such twelfth year. “(e) The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the annual meeting for a day in May other than the third Monday, and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request, in writing. A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, by registered mail or certified mail mailed to his last known address of record not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting. “(f) The election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board shall take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy. “(g) The Board shall render an annual report to the President, for submission on or before the 31st day of January of each year to the Congress, on the status and health of science and its various disciplines. Such report shall include an assessment of such matters as national scientific resources and trained manpower, progress in selected areas of basic scientific research, and an indication of those aspects of such progress which might be applied to the needs of American society. The report may include such recommendations as the Board may deem timely and appropriate. “(h) The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of not more than five professional staff members and such clerical staff members as may be necessary. Such staff shall be appointed by the Director and assigned at the direction of the Board. The professional members of such staff may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and the provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to 80 Stat. 443. 5 USC 5101. classification, and compensated at a rate not exceeding the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS-15 of the General Schedule under 5 USC 5332 note. section 5322 of such title, as may be necessary to provide for the performance of such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in connection with the exercise of its powers and functions under this Act. Each appointment under this subsection shall be subject to the same security requirements as those required for personnel of the Post, p. 365. Foundation appointed under section 15(a). “(i) The Board is authorized to establish such special commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for the purposes of this Act. “(j) The Board is also authorized to appoint from among its members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign to committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as the Board deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its powers and functions under this Act.”

  7. Pub. L. 90–407 § 2 · 82 Stat. 360

    1. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(c)

      Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated provisions of former subsec. (a) as (c)

    2. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(c)

      Pub. L. 90–407 added social science and research management to the enumerated fields of eminence

    3. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(c)

      Pub. L. 90–407 substituted “the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities” for “the Association of Land Grant Colleges and Universities, the National Association of State Universities, the Association of American Colleges”. Former subsec. (c), which provided that “The President shall call the first meeting of the Board, at which the first order of business shall be the election of a chairman and a vice chairman”, was struck out as executed

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated provisions of former subsec. (a) as (c) and added social science and research management to the enumerated fields of eminence, and substituted “the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities” for “the Association of Land Grant Colleges and Universities, the National Association of State Universities, the Association of American Colleges”. Former subsec. (c), which provided that “The President shall call the first meeting of the Board, at which the first order of business shall be the election of a chairman and a vice chairman”, was struck out as executed.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 2. Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 National Science Board. 64 Stat. 150. 42 USC 1863. is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 4. “national science board (a) The Hoard shall consist of twenty-four members to Membership. be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and of the Director ex officio. In addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this Act, the Board shall establish the policies of the Foundation. “(b) The Board shall have an Executive Committee as provided in section 7, and may delegate to it or to the Director or both such of Post, p. 364. the powers and functions granted to the Board by this Act as it deems appropriate, “(c) The persons nominated for appointment as members of the Board (1) shall be eminent in the fields of the basic, medical, or social sciences, engineering, agriculture, education, research management, or public affairs; (2) shall be selected solely on the basis of established records of distinguished service; and (3) shall be so selected as to provide representation of the views of seientific leaders in all areas of the Nation. The President is requested, in the making of nominations of persons for appointment as members, to give due consideration to any recommendations for nomination which may be submitted to him by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities, or by other scientific or educational organizations. “(d) The term of office of each member of the Board shall be six years; except that any member appointed to fit! a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Any person, other than the Director, who has been a member of the Board for twelve consecutive years shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the two-year period following the expiration of such twelfth year. “(e) The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the annual meeting for a day in May other than the third Monday, and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request, in writing. A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, by registered mail or certified mail mailed to his last known address of record not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting. “(f) The election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board shall take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy. “(g) The Board shall render an annual report to the President, for submission on or before the 31st day of January of each year to the Congress, on the status and health of science and its various disciplines. Such report shall include an assessment of such matters as national scientific resources and trained manpower, progress in selected areas of basic scientific research, and an indication of those aspects of such progress which might be applied to the needs of American society. The report may include such recommendations as the Board may deem timely and appropriate. “(h) The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of not more than five professional staff members and such clerical staff members as may be necessary. Such staff shall be appointed by the Director and assigned at the direction of the Board. The professional members of such staff may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and the provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to 80 Stat. 443. 5 USC 5101. classification, and compensated at a rate not exceeding the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS-15 of the General Schedule under 5 USC 5332 note. section 5322 of such title, as may be necessary to provide for the performance of such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in connection with the exercise of its powers and functions under this Act. Each appointment under this subsection shall be subject to the same security requirements as those required for personnel of the Post, p. 365. Foundation appointed under section 15(a). “(i) The Board is authorized to establish such special commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for the purposes of this Act. “(j) The Board is also authorized to appoint from among its members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign to committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as the Board deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its powers and functions under this Act.”

  8. Pub. L. 90–407 § 2 · 82 Stat. 360

    1. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(d)

      Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated former subsec. (b) as (d)

    2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(d)

      Pub. L. 90–407 substituted “term of office of each member” for “term of office of each voting member”

    3. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(d)

      Pub. L. 90–407 struck out “the terms of office of the members first taking office after May 10, 1950, shall expire, as designated by the President at the time of appointment, eight at the end of two years, eight at the end of four years, and eight at the end of six years, after May 10, 1950”, and provided for exemption of Director from prohibition against reappointment within two years following twelve consecutive years of Board membership. Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated former subsec. (b) as (d), substituted “term of office of each member” for “term of office of each voting member”, struck out “the terms of office of the members first taking office after May 10, 1950, shall expire, as designated by the President at the time of appointment, eight at the end of two years, eight at the end of four years, and eight at the end of six years, after May 10, 1950”, and provided for exemption of Director from prohibition against reappointment within two years following twelve consecutive years of Board membership. Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 2. Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 National Science Board. 64 Stat. 150. 42 USC 1863. is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 4. “national science board (a) The Hoard shall consist of twenty-four members to Membership. be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and of the Director ex officio. In addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this Act, the Board shall establish the policies of the Foundation. “(b) The Board shall have an Executive Committee as provided in section 7, and may delegate to it or to the Director or both such of Post, p. 364. the powers and functions granted to the Board by this Act as it deems appropriate, “(c) The persons nominated for appointment as members of the Board (1) shall be eminent in the fields of the basic, medical, or social sciences, engineering, agriculture, education, research management, or public affairs; (2) shall be selected solely on the basis of established records of distinguished service; and (3) shall be so selected as to provide representation of the views of seientific leaders in all areas of the Nation. The President is requested, in the making of nominations of persons for appointment as members, to give due consideration to any recommendations for nomination which may be submitted to him by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities, or by other scientific or educational organizations. “(d) The term of office of each member of the Board shall be six years; except that any member appointed to fit! a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Any person, other than the Director, who has been a member of the Board for twelve consecutive years shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the two-year period following the expiration of such twelfth year. “(e) The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the annual meeting for a day in May other than the third Monday, and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request, in writing. A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, by registered mail or certified mail mailed to his last known address of record not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting. “(f) The election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board shall take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy. “(g) The Board shall render an annual report to the President, for submission on or before the 31st day of January of each year to the Congress, on the status and health of science and its various disciplines. Such report shall include an assessment of such matters as national scientific resources and trained manpower, progress in selected areas of basic scientific research, and an indication of those aspects of such progress which might be applied to the needs of American society. The report may include such recommendations as the Board may deem timely and appropriate. “(h) The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of not more than five professional staff members and such clerical staff members as may be necessary. Such staff shall be appointed by the Director and assigned at the direction of the Board. The professional members of such staff may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and the provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to 80 Stat. 443. 5 USC 5101. classification, and compensated at a rate not exceeding the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS-15 of the General Schedule under 5 USC 5332 note. section 5322 of such title, as may be necessary to provide for the performance of such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in connection with the exercise of its powers and functions under this Act. Each appointment under this subsection shall be subject to the same security requirements as those required for personnel of the Post, p. 365. Foundation appointed under section 15(a). “(i) The Board is authorized to establish such special commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for the purposes of this Act. “(j) The Board is also authorized to appoint from among its members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign to committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as the Board deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its powers and functions under this Act.”

  9. Pub. L. 90–407 § 2 · 82 Stat. 360

    1. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(e)

      Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated former subsec. (d) as (e)

    2. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(e)

      Pub. L. 90–407 substituted “A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum” for “A majority of the voting members of the Board shall constitute a quorum”. Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated former subsec. (d) as (e) and substituted “A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum” for “A majority of the voting members of the Board shall constitute a quorum”. Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 2. Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 National Science Board. 64 Stat. 150. 42 USC 1863. is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 4. “national science board (a) The Hoard shall consist of twenty-four members to Membership. be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and of the Director ex officio. In addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this Act, the Board shall establish the policies of the Foundation. “(b) The Board shall have an Executive Committee as provided in section 7, and may delegate to it or to the Director or both such of Post, p. 364. the powers and functions granted to the Board by this Act as it deems appropriate, “(c) The persons nominated for appointment as members of the Board (1) shall be eminent in the fields of the basic, medical, or social sciences, engineering, agriculture, education, research management, or public affairs; (2) shall be selected solely on the basis of established records of distinguished service; and (3) shall be so selected as to provide representation of the views of seientific leaders in all areas of the Nation. The President is requested, in the making of nominations of persons for appointment as members, to give due consideration to any recommendations for nomination which may be submitted to him by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities, or by other scientific or educational organizations. “(d) The term of office of each member of the Board shall be six years; except that any member appointed to fit! a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Any person, other than the Director, who has been a member of the Board for twelve consecutive years shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the two-year period following the expiration of such twelfth year. “(e) The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the annual meeting for a day in May other than the third Monday, and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request, in writing. A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, by registered mail or certified mail mailed to his last known address of record not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting. “(f) The election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board shall take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy. “(g) The Board shall render an annual report to the President, for submission on or before the 31st day of January of each year to the Congress, on the status and health of science and its various disciplines. Such report shall include an assessment of such matters as national scientific resources and trained manpower, progress in selected areas of basic scientific research, and an indication of those aspects of such progress which might be applied to the needs of American society. The report may include such recommendations as the Board may deem timely and appropriate. “(h) The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of not more than five professional staff members and such clerical staff members as may be necessary. Such staff shall be appointed by the Director and assigned at the direction of the Board. The professional members of such staff may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and the provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to 80 Stat. 443. 5 USC 5101. classification, and compensated at a rate not exceeding the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS-15 of the General Schedule under 5 USC 5332 note. section 5322 of such title, as may be necessary to provide for the performance of such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in connection with the exercise of its powers and functions under this Act. Each appointment under this subsection shall be subject to the same security requirements as those required for personnel of the Post, p. 365. Foundation appointed under section 15(a). “(i) The Board is authorized to establish such special commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for the purposes of this Act. “(j) The Board is also authorized to appoint from among its members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign to committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as the Board deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its powers and functions under this Act.”

  10. Pub. L. 90–407 § 2 · 82 Stat. 360

    1. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(f)

      Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated former subsec. (e) as (f)

    2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(f)

      Pub. L. 90–407 substituted provisions that the election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year for provisions that their election take place at the first meeting of the National Science Board following the enactment of Pub. L. 86–232, and that thereafter such election take place at the second annual meeting occurring after each such election

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated former subsec. (e) as (f) and substituted provisions that the election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year for provisions that their election take place at the first meeting of the National Science Board following the enactment of Pub. L. 86–232, and that thereafter such election take place at the second annual meeting occurring after each such election.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 2. Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 National Science Board. 64 Stat. 150. 42 USC 1863. is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 4. “national science board (a) The Hoard shall consist of twenty-four members to Membership. be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and of the Director ex officio. In addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this Act, the Board shall establish the policies of the Foundation. “(b) The Board shall have an Executive Committee as provided in section 7, and may delegate to it or to the Director or both such of Post, p. 364. the powers and functions granted to the Board by this Act as it deems appropriate, “(c) The persons nominated for appointment as members of the Board (1) shall be eminent in the fields of the basic, medical, or social sciences, engineering, agriculture, education, research management, or public affairs; (2) shall be selected solely on the basis of established records of distinguished service; and (3) shall be so selected as to provide representation of the views of seientific leaders in all areas of the Nation. The President is requested, in the making of nominations of persons for appointment as members, to give due consideration to any recommendations for nomination which may be submitted to him by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities, or by other scientific or educational organizations. “(d) The term of office of each member of the Board shall be six years; except that any member appointed to fit! a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Any person, other than the Director, who has been a member of the Board for twelve consecutive years shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the two-year period following the expiration of such twelfth year. “(e) The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the annual meeting for a day in May other than the third Monday, and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request, in writing. A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, by registered mail or certified mail mailed to his last known address of record not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting. “(f) The election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board shall take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy. “(g) The Board shall render an annual report to the President, for submission on or before the 31st day of January of each year to the Congress, on the status and health of science and its various disciplines. Such report shall include an assessment of such matters as national scientific resources and trained manpower, progress in selected areas of basic scientific research, and an indication of those aspects of such progress which might be applied to the needs of American society. The report may include such recommendations as the Board may deem timely and appropriate. “(h) The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of not more than five professional staff members and such clerical staff members as may be necessary. Such staff shall be appointed by the Director and assigned at the direction of the Board. The professional members of such staff may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and the provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to 80 Stat. 443. 5 USC 5101. classification, and compensated at a rate not exceeding the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS-15 of the General Schedule under 5 USC 5332 note. section 5322 of such title, as may be necessary to provide for the performance of such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in connection with the exercise of its powers and functions under this Act. Each appointment under this subsection shall be subject to the same security requirements as those required for personnel of the Post, p. 365. Foundation appointed under section 15(a). “(i) The Board is authorized to establish such special commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for the purposes of this Act. “(j) The Board is also authorized to appoint from among its members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign to committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as the Board deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its powers and functions under this Act.”

  11. Pub. L. 90–407 § 2 · 82 Stat. 360

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(g)(j)

    Pub. L. 90–407 added subsecs. (g) to (j)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsecs. (g) to (j). Pub. L. 90–407 added subsecs. (g) to (j).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 2. Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 National Science Board. 64 Stat. 150. 42 USC 1863. is amended to read as follows: “Sec. 4. “national science board (a) The Hoard shall consist of twenty-four members to Membership. be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and of the Director ex officio. In addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this Act, the Board shall establish the policies of the Foundation. “(b) The Board shall have an Executive Committee as provided in section 7, and may delegate to it or to the Director or both such of Post, p. 364. the powers and functions granted to the Board by this Act as it deems appropriate, “(c) The persons nominated for appointment as members of the Board (1) shall be eminent in the fields of the basic, medical, or social sciences, engineering, agriculture, education, research management, or public affairs; (2) shall be selected solely on the basis of established records of distinguished service; and (3) shall be so selected as to provide representation of the views of seientific leaders in all areas of the Nation. The President is requested, in the making of nominations of persons for appointment as members, to give due consideration to any recommendations for nomination which may be submitted to him by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities, or by other scientific or educational organizations. “(d) The term of office of each member of the Board shall be six years; except that any member appointed to fit! a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Any person, other than the Director, who has been a member of the Board for twelve consecutive years shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the two-year period following the expiration of such twelfth year. “(e) The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the annual meeting for a day in May other than the third Monday, and at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so request, in writing. A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, by registered mail or certified mail mailed to his last known address of record not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting. “(f) The election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board shall take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a member to fill such vacancy. “(g) The Board shall render an annual report to the President, for submission on or before the 31st day of January of each year to the Congress, on the status and health of science and its various disciplines. Such report shall include an assessment of such matters as national scientific resources and trained manpower, progress in selected areas of basic scientific research, and an indication of those aspects of such progress which might be applied to the needs of American society. The report may include such recommendations as the Board may deem timely and appropriate. “(h) The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of not more than five professional staff members and such clerical staff members as may be necessary. Such staff shall be appointed by the Director and assigned at the direction of the Board. The professional members of such staff may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and the provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to 80 Stat. 443. 5 USC 5101. classification, and compensated at a rate not exceeding the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS-15 of the General Schedule under 5 USC 5332 note. section 5322 of such title, as may be necessary to provide for the performance of such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in connection with the exercise of its powers and functions under this Act. Each appointment under this subsection shall be subject to the same security requirements as those required for personnel of the Post, p. 365. Foundation appointed under section 15(a). “(i) The Board is authorized to establish such special commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for the purposes of this Act. “(j) The Board is also authorized to appoint from among its members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign to committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as the Board deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its powers and functions under this Act.”

  12. Fiscal Year Adjustment Act

    Pub. L. 94–273 § 11(3) · 90 Stat. 375

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(g)

    Pub. L. 94–273 substituted “April” for “January”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 94–273 substituted “April” for “January”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) sections 3(f) and 4(g) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended (42 U.S.C. 1862(f) and 1863(g));

  13. National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976

    Pub. L. 94–282 title V § 503 · 90 Stat. 459

    Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(g)

    Pub. L. 94–282 redesignated subsec. (h), and all references thereto, as subsec. (g). Former subsec. (g), concerning the annual report by the National Science Board to the President and Congress, was deleted

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 94–282 redesignated subsec. (h), and all references thereto, as subsec. (g). Former subsec. (g), concerning the annual report by the National Science Board to the President and Congress, was deleted.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 503. Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 18631 is amended by striking out subsection (g) and by redesignating subsections (h), (i), and (j), and all references thereto, as subsections (g), (h),and (i), respectively.

  14. National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976

    Pub. L. 94–282 title V § 503 · 90 Stat. 459

    Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(h)(j)

    Pub. L. 94–282 redesignated subsecs. (h) to (j) as (g) to (i), respectively

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsecs. (h) to (j). Pub. L. 94–282 redesignated subsecs. (h) to (j) as (g) to (i), respectively.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 503. Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 18631 is amended by striking out subsection (g) and by redesignating subsections (h), (i), and (j), and all references thereto, as subsections (g), (h),and (i), respectively.

  15. National Science Foundation Authorization Act, 1977

    Pub. L. 94–471 § 9(a) · 90 Stat. 2053

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(a)

    Pub. L. 94–471, § 9(a), inserted reference to the framework of applicable national policies as set forth by the President and the Congress

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–471, § 9(a), inserted reference to the framework of applicable national policies as set forth by the President and the Congress.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 is amended by inserting before the period at the end of subsection Ante p. 473. 42 USC 1863. (a) a comma and the following: “within the framework of applicable national policies as set. forth by the President and the Congress”.

  16. National Science Foundation Authorization Act, 1977

    Pub. L. 94–471 § 9(b) · 90 Stat. 2053

    1. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(g)

      Pub. L. 94–471, § 9(b), inserted reference to consultation of the Director with the Chairman of the Board

    2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(g)

      Pub. L. 94–471, § 9(b), substituted “GS–18” for “GS–15”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 94–471, § 9(b), inserted reference to consultation of the Director with the Chairman of the Board and substituted “GS–18” for “GS–15”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Section 4(g) of such Act as redesignated by this section is amended— (1) by inserting after “the Director,” the following: “after consultation with the Chairman of the Board”; and (2) by striking out “GS–15” and inserting in lieu thereof “GS–18”

  17. National Science Foundation Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1986

    Pub. L. 99–159 § 110(a)(12) · 99 Stat. 887

    1. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(c)

      Pub. L. 99–159, § 110(a)(12), inserted “and engineering”, “and engineers”, and “the National Academy of Engineering,”

    2. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(c)

      Pub. L. 99–159, § 110(a)(12), inserted “, engineering,” after “other scientific”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–159, § 110(a)(12), inserted “and engineering”, “and engineers”, and “the National Academy of Engineering,” and inserted “, engineering,” after “other scientific”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (12) Section 4(c) (42 U.S.C. 1863(c)) is amended— (A) by inserting “and engineering” after “scientific” in clause (3) of the first sentence; (B) by inserting “and engineers” after “scientists” in the second sentence; and (C) by inserting “the National Academy of Engineering,” after “National Academy of Sciences,”, and inserting “, engineering,” after “scientific”, in the third sentence.

  18. National Science Foundation Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1986

    Pub. L. 99–159 § 109(a) · 99 Stat. 887

    Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(e)

    Pub. L. 99–159, § 109(a), struck out requirement that notice be made to members by registered or certified mail mailed to the last known address of record

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 99–159, § 109(a), struck out requirement that notice be made to members by registered or certified mail mailed to the last known address of record.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) The last sentence of section 4(e) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(e)) is amended by striking out “by registered mail or certified mail mailed to his last known address of record”.

  19. National Science Foundation Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1978

    Pub. L. 95–99 § 12(b) · 91 Stat. 831

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(j)

    Pub. L. 95–99 added subsec. (j)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 95–99 added subsec. (j).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 12. No funds may be transferred from any particular category listed in section 2 to any other category or categories listed in such section if the total of the funds so transferred from that particular category would exceed 10 per centum thereof, and no funds may be transferred to any particular category listed in section 2 from any other category or categories listed in such section if the total of the funds so transferred to that particular category would exceed 10 per centum thereof, unless— (1) a period of thirty legislative days has passed after the Director of the National Science Foundation or his designee has transmitted to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the President of the Senate and to the Committee on Science and Technology of the House of Representatives and to the Committee on Human Resources of the Senate a written report containing a full and complete statement concerning the nature of the transfer and the reason therefor, or (2) each such committee before the expiration of such period Notice to congressional committees. has transmitted to the Director written notice to the effect that such committee has no objection to the proposed action.

  20. National Science Foundation Authorization and Science and Technology Equal Opportunities Act

    Pub. L. 96–516 § 21(a) · 94 Stat. 3007

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(c)

    Pub. L. 96–516 inserted provisions respecting nominations of women and minority groups

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–516 inserted provisions respecting nominations of women and minority groups.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Section 4(c) of the National Science Foundation Act of 42 USC 1863. 1950 is amended by inserting after the first sentence the following new sentence: “In making nominations under this section, the President shall give due regard to equitable representation of scientists who are women or who represent minority groups.”.

  21. Congressional Reports Elimination Act of 1982

    Pub. L. 97–375 title II § 214 · 96 Stat. 1819

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(j)

    Pub. L. 97–375 substituted provisions requiring a report in each even numbered year on the state of science and engineering, and reports on specific policy matters, as needed, for provisions requiring the Board to render an annual report to the President, for submission to the Congress on or before March 31 in each year, to deal essentially, though not necessarily exclusively, with policy issues or matters affecting the Foundation or with which the Board in its official role as the policymaking body of the Foundation was concerned

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 97–375 substituted provisions requiring a report in each even numbered year on the state of science and engineering, and reports on specific policy matters, as needed, for provisions requiring the Board to render an annual report to the President, for submission to the Congress on or before March 31 in each year, to deal essentially, though not necessarily exclusively, with policy issues or matters affecting the Foundation or with which the Board in its official role as the policymaking body of the Foundation was concerned.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 214. report by the national science foundation Subsection 46) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(j); 64 Stat. 149) is amended to read as follows: “(j) (1) The Board shall render to the President, for submission to the Congress no later than January 15 of each even numbered year, a report on indicators of the state of science and engineering in the United States. “(2) The Board shall render to the President for submission to the Congress reports on specific, individual policy matters related to science and engineering and education in science and engineering, as the Board, the President, or the Congress determines the need for such reports.”.

  22. Pub. L. 100–570 § 108 · 102 Stat. 2865

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(k)

    Pub. L. 100–570, § 108, added subsec. (k) relating to requirement of Board members to file financial disclosure report

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 100–570, § 108, added subsec. (k) relating to requirement of Board members to file financial disclosure report.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 108. financial disclosure report for board members Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(k) Members of the Board shall be required to file a financial Classified information. disclosure report under title II of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App. 92 Stat 1836), except that such reports shall be held confidential and exempt from any law otherwise requiring their public disclosure.”.

  23. Pub. L. 100–570 § 105(a) · 102 Stat. 2865

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(k)

    Pub. L. 100–570, § 105(a), added subsec. (k) relating to closed meetings

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 100–570, § 105(a), added subsec. (k) relating to closed meetings.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: “(k) Portions of Board meetings in which the Board considers proposed Foundation budgets for a particular fiscal year may be closed to the public until the President’s budget for that fiscal year has been submitted to the Congress.”.

  24. National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1998

    Pub. L. 105–207 § 202(a)(1)(A) · 112 Stat. 869

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(g)

    Pub. L. 105–207, § 202(a)(1)(A), substituted “the maximum rate payable under section 5376” for “the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS–18 of the General Schedule under section 5332”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 105–207, § 202(a)(1)(A), substituted “the maximum rate payable under section 5376” for “the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS–18 of the General Schedule under section 5332”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) by striking “the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS-18 of the General Schedule under section 5332” and inserting “the maximum rate payable under section 5376”; and

  25. National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1998

    Pub. L. 105–207 § 202(a)(1)(B) · 112 Stat. 869

    Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(k); 42 U.S.C. § 1863(l)

    Pub. L. 105–207, § 202(a)(1)(B), redesignated subsec. (k), relating to requirement of Board members to file financial disclosure report, as (l)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsecs. (k), (l). Pub. L. 105–207, § 202(a)(1)(B), redesignated subsec. (k), relating to requirement of Board members to file financial disclosure report, as (l).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) by redesignating the second subsection (k) as subsection (1);

  26. Pub. L. 107–368 § 15(a)(1) · 116 Stat. 3034

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(e)

    Pub. L. 107–368, § 15(a)(1), substituted “The Board shall adopt procedures governing the conduct of its meetings, including delivery of notice and a definition of a quorum, which in no case shall be less than one-half plus one of the confirmed members of the Board.” for “A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 107–368, § 15(a)(1), substituted “The Board shall adopt procedures governing the conduct of its meetings, including delivery of notice and a definition of a quorum, which in no case shall be less than one-half plus one of the confirmed members of the Board.” for “A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) In general.— 42 USC 1862n–5. Section 4(e) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(e)) is amended by striking the second and third sentences and inserting “The Board shall adopt procedures governing the conduct of its meetings, including delivery of notice and a definition of a quorum, which in no case shall be less than one-half plus one of the confirmed members of the Board.”.

  27. Pub. L. 107–368 § 15(c) · 116 Stat. 3034

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(g)

    Pub. L. 107–368, § 15(c), substituted “Such staff shall be appointed by the Chairman and assigned at the direction of the Board.” for “Such staff shall be appointed by the Director, after consultation with the chairman of the Board and assigned at the direction of the Board.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 107–368, § 15(c), substituted “Such staff shall be appointed by the Chairman and assigned at the direction of the Board.” for “Such staff shall be appointed by the Director, after consultation with the chairman of the Board and assigned at the direction of the Board.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (c) Appointment.— Section 4(g) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(g)) is amended by striking the second sentence and inserting “Such staff shall be appointed by the Chairman and assigned at the direction of the Board.”

  28. America COMPETES Act

    Pub. L. 110–69 § 7015(b) · 121 Stat. 572

    Amended · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(g)

    Pub. L. 110–69, § 7015(b), amended subsec. (g) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (g) related to the appointment of a Board staff of not more than five professional staff members and any necessary clerical staff members and the compensation and security requirements for such staff

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 110–69, § 7015(b), amended subsec. (g) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (g) related to the appointment of a Board staff of not more than five professional staff members and any necessary clerical staff members and the compensation and security requirements for such staff.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Limited Term Personnel for the National Science Board.— Subsection (g) of section 4 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(g)) is amended to read as follows: “(g) The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of not more than 5 professional staff members, technical and professional personnel on leave of absence from academic, industrial, or research institutions for a limited term, and such operations and support staff members as may be necessary. Such staff shall be appointed by the Chairman and assigned at the direction of the Board. The professional members and limited term technical and professional personnel of such staff may be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and the provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to classification, and shall be compensated at a rate not exceeding the maximum rate payable under section 5376 of such title, as may be necessary to provide for the performance of such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in connection with the exercise of its powers and functions under this Act. Section 14(a)(3) shall apply to each limited term appointment of technical and professional personnel under this subsection. Each appointment under this subsection shall be subject to the same security requirements as those required for personnel of the Foundation appointed under section 14(a).” .

  29. America COMPETES Act

    Pub. L. 110–69 § 7016 · 121 Stat. 572

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(j)

    Pub. L. 110–69, § 7016, substituted “President and” for “President, for submission to” in par. (1) and for “President for submission to” in par. (2)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 110–69, § 7016, substituted “President and” for “President, for submission to” in par. (1) and for “President for submission to” in par. (2).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 7016. NATIONAL SCIENCE BOARD REPORTS.   Paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 4(j) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(j)(1) and (2)) are amended by striking “, for submission to” and “for submission to”, respectively, and inserting “and”.

  30. National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2010

    Pub. L. 111–358 § 504(a) · 124 Stat. 3982

    Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(g)

    Pub. L. 111–358, § 504(a), struck out “not more than 5” before “professional staff members”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 111–358, § 504(a), struck out “not more than 5” before “professional staff members”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) Staffing at the National Science Board.— Section 4(g) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(g)) is amended by striking “not more than 5”.

  31. National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2010

    Pub. L. 111–358 § 504(b) · 124 Stat. 3982

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(j)(2)

    Pub. L. 111–358, § 504(b), inserted “within the authority of the Foundation (or otherwise as requested by the Congress or the President)” after “individual policy matters”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (j)(2). Pub. L. 111–358, § 504(b), inserted “within the authority of the Foundation (or otherwise as requested by the Congress or the President)” after “individual policy matters”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) National Science Board Reports.— Section 4(j)(2) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(j)(2)) is amended by inserting “within the authority of the Foundation (or otherwise as requested by the Congress or the President)” after “individual policy matters”.

  32. Presidential Appointment Efficiency and Streamlining Act of 2011

    Pub. L. 112–166 § 2(s) · 126 Stat. 1283

    Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(a)

    Pub. L. 112–166 struck out “, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate,” after “appointed by the President”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–166 struck out “, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate,” after “appointed by the President”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (s) National Science Foundation; Board Members.— Section 4(a) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(a)) is amended by striking “, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate,”.

    Effective date note
    Amendment by Pub. L. 112–166 effective 60 days after Aug. 10, 2012, and applicable to appointments made on and after that effective date, including any nomination pending in the Senate on that date, see section 6(a) of Pub. L. 112–166, set out as a note under section 113 of Title 6, Domestic Security.

  33. Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act

    Pub. L. 117–167 div. B title III § 10399F · 136 Stat. 1366

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 1863(j)(1)

    Pub. L. 117–167 substituted “March 15” for “January 15”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (j)(1). Pub. L. 117–167 substituted “March 15” for “January 15”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 10399F. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING INDICATORS REPORT SUBMISSION.    Section 4(j)(1) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1863(j)(1)) is amended by striking “January 15” and inserting “March 15”.

41 of 41 references resolved to an enrolled provision

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Ethics in Government Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (l), is Pub. L. 95–521, , 92 Stat. 1824. Title II of the Act was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 101–194, title II, § 201, , 103 Stat. 1724. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

Amendments1959–2022 · 15 rounds

2022

Subsec. (j)(1). Pub. L. 117–167 substituted “March 15” for “January 15”.

2012

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–166 struck out “, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate,” after “appointed by the President”.

2011

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 111–358, § 504(a), struck out “not more than 5” before “professional staff members”.

Subsec. (j)(2). Pub. L. 111–358, § 504(b), inserted “within the authority of the Foundation (or otherwise as requested by the Congress or the President)” after “individual policy matters”.

2007

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 110–69, § 7015(b), amended subsec. (g) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (g) related to the appointment of a Board staff of not more than five professional staff members and any necessary clerical staff members and the compensation and security requirements for such staff.

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 110–69, § 7016, substituted “President and” for “President, for submission to” in par. (1) and for “President for submission to” in par. (2).

2002

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 107–368, § 15(a)(1), substituted “The Board shall adopt procedures governing the conduct of its meetings, including delivery of notice and a definition of a quorum, which in no case shall be less than one-half plus one of the confirmed members of the Board.” for “A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. Each member shall be given notice, not less than fifteen days prior to any meeting, of the call of such meeting.”

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 107–368, § 15(c), substituted “Such staff shall be appointed by the Chairman and assigned at the direction of the Board.” for “Such staff shall be appointed by the Director, after consultation with the chairman of the Board and assigned at the direction of the Board.”

1998

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 105–207, § 202(a)(1)(A), substituted “the maximum rate payable under section 5376” for “the appropriate rate provided for individuals in grade GS–18 of the General Schedule under section 5332”.

Subsecs. (k), (l). Pub. L. 105–207, § 202(a)(1)(B), redesignated subsec. (k), relating to requirement of Board members to file financial disclosure report, as (l).

1988

Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 100–570, § 108, added subsec. (k) relating to requirement of Board members to file financial disclosure report.

Pub. L. 100–570, § 105(a), added subsec. (k) relating to closed meetings.

1985

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–159, § 110(a)(12), inserted “and engineering”, “and engineers”, and “the National Academy of Engineering,” and inserted “, engineering,” after “other scientific”.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 99–159, § 109(a), struck out requirement that notice be made to members by registered or certified mail mailed to the last known address of record.

1982

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 97–375 substituted provisions requiring a report in each even numbered year on the state of science and engineering, and reports on specific policy matters, as needed, for provisions requiring the Board to render an annual report to the President, for submission to the Congress on or before March 31 in each year, to deal essentially, though not necessarily exclusively, with policy issues or matters affecting the Foundation or with which the Board in its official role as the policymaking body of the Foundation was concerned.

1980

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–516 inserted provisions respecting nominations of women and minority groups.

1977

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 95–99 added subsec. (j).

1976

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–471, § 9(a), inserted reference to the framework of applicable national policies as set forth by the President and the Congress.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 94–471, § 9(b), inserted reference to consultation of the Director with the Chairman of the Board and substituted “GS–18” for “GS–15”.

Pub. L. 94–282 redesignated subsec. (h), and all references thereto, as subsec. (g). Former subsec. (g), concerning the annual report by the National Science Board to the President and Congress, was deleted.

Pub. L. 94–273 substituted “April” for “January”.

Subsecs. (h) to (j). Pub. L. 94–282 redesignated subsecs. (h) to (j) as (g) to (i), respectively.

1968

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 90–407 substituted provisions which authorized the Board to establish the policies of the Foundation in addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this chapter, for provisions which authorized the Board, except as otherwise provided by this chapter, to exercise the authority granted to the Foundation by this chapter. Provisions of this subsection, which enumerated the qualifications of persons nominated for appointment to the Board and provided for the specified organizations to make recommendations to the President of individuals qualified for nomination, were designated as subsec. (c).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 90–407 added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (d).

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated provisions of former subsec. (a) as (c) and added social science and research management to the enumerated fields of eminence, and substituted “the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the Association of American Colleges, the Association of State Colleges and Universities” for “the Association of Land Grant Colleges and Universities, the National Association of State Universities, the Association of American Colleges”. Former subsec. (c), which provided that “The President shall call the first meeting of the Board, at which the first order of business shall be the election of a chairman and a vice chairman”, was struck out as executed.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated former subsec. (b) as (d), substituted “term of office of each member” for “term of office of each voting member”, struck out “the terms of office of the members first taking office after , shall expire, as designated by the President at the time of appointment, eight at the end of two years, eight at the end of four years, and eight at the end of six years, after ”, and provided for exemption of Director from prohibition against reappointment within two years following twelve consecutive years of Board membership. Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated former subsec. (d) as (e) and substituted “A majority of the members of the Board shall constitute a quorum” for “A majority of the voting members of the Board shall constitute a quorum”. Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 90–407 redesignated former subsec. (e) as (f) and substituted provisions that the election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman take place at each annual meeting occurring in an even-numbered year for provisions that their election take place at the first meeting of the National Science Board following the enactment of Pub. L. 86–232, and that thereafter such election take place at the second annual meeting occurring after each such election.

Subsecs. (g) to (j). Pub. L. 90–407 added subsecs. (g) to (j).

1960

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 86–507 inserted “or by certified mail” after “registered mail”.

1959

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 86–232 changed annual meeting of Board from first Monday in December to third Monday or other designated day in May.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 86–232 substituted provision for an election of a Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board at first meeting of Board following enactment of Pub. L. 86–232 and at each second annual meeting thereafter in place of provision for election of the first Chairman and Vice Chairman to serve until first Monday in December next succeeding date of election and for election of subsequent officers for terms of two years thereafter.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2012 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 112–166 effective 60 days after , and applicable to appointments made on and after that effective date, including any nomination pending in the Senate on that date, see section 6(a) of Pub. L. 112–166, set out as a note under section 113 of Title 6, Domestic Security.

References to Maximum Rate Under 5 U.S.C. 5376

For reference to maximum rate under section 5376 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, see section 2(d)(3) of Pub. L. 110–372, set out as an Effective Date of 2008 Amendment note under section 5376 of Title 5.

Termination of Advisory Committees

Advisory committees in existence on , to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period following , unless, in the case of a committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such committee is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a committee established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. Advisory committees established after , to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such committee is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a committee established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided by law. See section 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

Continuation of Existing Offices, Procedures, and Organization of the National Science Foundation

Amendment by Pub. L. 90–407 intended to continue in effect the existing offices, procedures, and organization of the Foundation, see section 16 of Pub. L. 90–407, set out as a note under section 1862 of this title.

Credits

1950–2022 · 18 acts
  1. 1950May 10, 1950, ch. 171, § 4, 64 Stat. 150
  2. 1959Pub. L. 86–232, § 2, , 73 Stat. 467
  3. 1960Pub. L. 86–507, § 1(36), , 74 Stat. 202
  4. 1968Pub. L. 90–407, § 2, , 82 Stat. 361
  5. 1976Pub. L. 94–273, § 11(3), , 90 Stat. 378
  6. 1976Pub. L. 94–282, title V, § 503, , 90 Stat. 473
  7. 1976Pub. L. 94–471, § 9, , 90 Stat. 2057
  8. 1977Pub. L. 95–99, § 12(b), formerly § 14(b), , 91 Stat. 835, renumbered § 12(b), Pub. L. 99–159, title I, § 109(h), , 99 Stat. 890
  9. 1980Pub. L. 96–516, § 21(a), , 94 Stat. 3010
  10. 1982Pub. L. 97–375, title II, § 214, , 96 Stat. 1826
  11. 1985Pub. L. 99–159, title I, §§ 109(a), 110(a)(12), , 99 Stat. 889, 891
  12. 1988Pub. L. 100–570, title I, §§ 105(a), 108, , 102 Stat. 2868, 2869
  13. 1998Pub. L. 105–207, title II, § 202(a)(1), , 112 Stat. 873
  14. 2002Pub. L. 107–368, § 15(a)(1), (c), , 116 Stat. 3058, 3059
  15. 2007Pub. L. 110–69, title VII, §§ 7015(b), 7016, , 121 Stat. 683, 684
  16. 2011Pub. L. 111–358, title V, § 504(a), (b), , 124 Stat. 4006
  17. 2012Pub. L. 112–166, § 2(s), , 126 Stat. 1288
  18. 2022Pub. L. 117–167, div. B, title III, § 10399F, , 136 Stat. 1599.
Show as published

(May 10, 1950, ch. 171, § 4, 64 Stat. 150; Pub. L. 86–232, § 2, , 73 Stat. 467; Pub. L. 86–507, § 1(36), , 74 Stat. 202; Pub. L. 90–407, § 2, , 82 Stat. 361; Pub. L. 94–273, § 11(3), , 90 Stat. 378; Pub. L. 94–282, title V, § 503, , 90 Stat. 473; Pub. L. 94–471, § 9, , 90 Stat. 2057; Pub. L. 95–99, § 12(b), formerly § 14(b), , 91 Stat. 835, renumbered § 12(b), Pub. L. 99–159, title I, § 109(h), , 99 Stat. 890; Pub. L. 96–516, § 21(a), , 94 Stat. 3010; Pub. L. 97–375, title II, § 214, , 96 Stat. 1826; Pub. L. 99–159, title I, §§ 109(a), 110(a)(12), , 99 Stat. 889, 891; Pub. L. 100–570, title I, §§ 105(a), 108, , 102 Stat. 2868, 2869; Pub. L. 105–207, title II, § 202(a)(1), , 112 Stat. 873; Pub. L. 107–368, § 15(a)(1), (c), , 116 Stat. 3058, 3059; Pub. L. 110–69, title VII, §§ 7015(b), 7016, , 121 Stat. 683, 684; Pub. L. 111–358, title V, § 504(a), (b), , 124 Stat. 4006; Pub. L. 112–166, § 2(s), , 126 Stat. 1288; Pub. L. 117–167, div. B, title III, § 10399F, , 136 Stat. 1599.)

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