§ 7704. National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program

Footnotes

1. 1 So in original. The word “and” probably should not appear.
2. 2 See References in Text note below.
3. 3 So in original. Probably should be followed by a closing parenthesis.
4. 4 So in original. Probably should be preceded by “subsection”.
5. 5 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma.
6. 6 So in original. The period probably should be a semicolon.

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1977

   Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977

   Pub. L. 95–124 § 5 · 91 Stat. 1098

   Enacted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704

   Pub. L. 95–124, § 5, Oct. 7, 1977, 91 Stat. 1099

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Pub. L. 95–124, § 5, Oct. 7, 1977, 91 Stat. 1099

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   SEC. 5. NATIONAL EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS REDUCTION PROGRAM. (a) Establishment.— The President shall establish and maintain, in accordance with the provisions and policy of this Act, a coordinated earthquake hazards reduction program, which shall— (1) be designed and administered to achieve the objectives set forth in subsection (c); (2) involve, where appropriate, each of the agencies listed in subsection (d); and (3) include each of the elements described in subsection (e), the implementation plan described in subsection (f), and the assistance to the States specified in subsection (g). (b) Duties.— The President shall— (1) within 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act, designate the Federal department, agency, or entity responsible for the development of the implementation plan described in subsection (f); (2) within 210 days after such date of enactment, submit to the Plan, submittal to congressional committees. appropriate authorizing committees of the Congress the implementation plan described in subsection (f); and (3) by rule, within 300 days after such date of enactment— (A) designate the Federal department, agency, or interagency group which shall have primary responsibility for the development and implementation of the earthquake hazards reduction program; (B) assign and specify the role and responsibility of each appropriate Federal department, agency, and entity with respect to each object and element of the program; (C) establish goals, priorities, and target dates for implementation of the program; (D) provide a method for cooperation and coordination with, and assistance (to the extent of available resources) to, interested governmental entities in all States, particularly those containing areas of high or moderate seismic risk; and (E) provide for qualified staffing for the program and its components. (c) Objectives.— The objectives of the earthquake hazards reduction program shall include— (1) the development of technologically and economically feasible design and construction methods and procedures to make new and existing structures, in areas of seismic risk, earthquake resistant, giving priority to the development of such methods and procedures for nuclear power generating plants, dams, hospitals, schools, public utilities, public safety structures, high occupancy buildings, and other structures which are especially needed in time of disaster; (2) the implementation in all areas of high or moderate seismic risk, of a system (including personnel, technology, and procedures) for predicting damaging earthquakes and for identifying, evaluating, and accurately characterizing seismic hazards; (3) the development, publication, and promotion, in conjunction with State and local officials and professional organizations, of model codes and other means to coordinate information about seismic risk with land-use policy decisions and building activity; (4) the development, in areas of seismic risk, of improved understanding of, and capability with respect to, earthquake-related issues, including methods of controlling the risks from earthquakes, planning to prevent such risks, disseminating warnings of earthquakes, organizing emergency services, and planning for reconstruction and redevelopment after an earthquake; (5) the education of the public, including State and local officials, as to earthquake phenomena, the identification of locations and structures which are especially susceptible to earthquake damage, ways to reduce the adverse consequences of an earthquake, and related matters; (6) the development of research on— (A) ways to increase the use of existing scientific and engineering knowledge to mitigate earthquake hazards; (B) the social, economic, legal, and political consequences of earthquake prediction; and (C) ways to assure the availability of earthquake insurance or some functional substitute; and (7) the development of basic and applied research leading to a better understanding of the control or alteration of seismic phenomena. (d) Participation.— In assigning the role and responsibility of Federal departments, agencies, and entities under subsection (b)(3)(B), the President shall, where appropriate, include the United States Geological Survey, the National Science Foundation, the Department of Defense, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Bureau of Standards, the Energy Research and Development Administration, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the National Fire Prevention and Control Administration. (e) Research Elements.— The research elements of the program shall include— (1) research into the basic causes and mechanisms of earthquakes; (2) development of methods to predict the time, place, and magnitude of future earthquakes; (3) development of an understanding of the circumstances in which earthquakes might be artificially induced by the injection of fluids in deep wells, by the impoundment of reservoirs, or by other means; (4) evaluation of methods that may lead to the development of a capability to modify or control earthquakes in certain regions; (5) development of information and guidelines for zoning land in light of seismic risk in all parts of the United States and preparation of seismic risk analyses useful for emergency planning and community preparedness; (6) development of techniques for the delineation and evaluation of the political effects of earthquakes, and their application on a regional basis; (7) development of methods for planning, design, construction, rehabilitation, and utilization of manmade, works so as to effectively resist the hazards imposed by earthquakes; (8) exploration of possible social and economic adjustments that could be made to reduce earthquake vulnerability and to exploit effectively existing and developing earthquake mitigation techniques; and (9) studies of foreign experience with all aspects of earthquakes. (f) Implementation Plan.— The President shall develop, through the Federal agency, department, or entity designated under subsection (b)(1), an implementation plan which shall set year-by-year targets through at least 1980, and shall specify the roles for Federal agencies, and recommended appropriate roles for State and local units of government, individuals, and private organizations, in carrying out the implementation plan. The plan shall provide for— (1) the development of measures to be taken with respect to preparing for earthquakes, evaluation of prediction techniques and actual predictions of earthquakes, warning the residents of an area that an earthquake may occur, and ensuring that a comprehensive response is made to the occurrence of an earthquake; (2) the development of ways for State, county, local, and regional governmental units to use existing and developing knowledge about the regional and local variations of seismic risk in making their land use decisions; (3) the development and promulgation of specifications, building standards, design criteria, and construction practices to achieve appropriate earthquake resistance for new and existing structures; (4) an examination of alternative provisions and requirements for reducing earthquake hazards through Federal and federally financed construction, loans, loan guarantees, and licenses; (5) the determination of the appropriate role for insurance, loan programs, and public and private relief efforts in moderating the impact of earthquakes; and (6) dissemination, on a timely basis, of— (A) instrument-derived data of interest to other researchers; (B) design and analysis data and procedures of interest to the design professions and to the construction industry; and (C) other information and knowledge of interest to the public to reduce vulnerability to earthquake hazards. Report, filing with congressional committees. When the implementation plan developed by the President under this section contemplates or proposes specific action to be taken by any Federal agency, department, or entity, and at the end of the 30-day period beginning on the date the President submits such plan to the appropriate authorizing committees of the Congress any such action has not been initiated, the President shall file with such committees a report explaining, in detail, the reasons why such action has not been initiated. (g) State Assistance.— In making assistance available to the States under the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.), the President may make such assistance available to further the purposes of this Act, including making available to the States the results of research and other activities conducted under this Act. (h) Participation.— In carrying out the provisions of this section, the President shall provide an opportunity for participation by the appropriate representatives of State and local governments, and by the public, including representatives of business and industry, the design professions, and the research community, in the formulation and implementation of the program. Program plan review. Report to Congress. Such non-Federal participation shall include periodic review of the program plan, considered in its entirety, by an assembled and adequately staffed group of such representatives. Any comments on the program upon which such group agrees shall be reported to the Congress. Measures developed pursuant to paragraph 5(f)(1) for the evaluation of prediction techniques and actual predictions of earthquakes shall provide for adequate non-Federal participation. To the extent that such measures include evaluation by Federal employees of non-Federal prediction activities, such measures shall also include evaluation by persons not in full-time Federal employment of Federal prediction activities.

2. 1980

   Pub. L. 96–472 § 101(a) · 94 Stat. 2257

   1. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)

      Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(a), inserted provisions relating to non-Federal participation in par. (2)

   2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)

      Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(a), substituted provisions respecting the elements described in subsec. (f) of this section, for provisions respecting the implementation plan described in subsec. (f) of this section in par. (3)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(a), inserted provisions relating to non-Federal participation in par. (2), and substituted provisions respecting the elements described in subsec. (f) of this section, for provisions respecting the implementation plan described in subsec. (f) of this section in par. (3).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) Paragraphs (1) through (3) of section 5(a) of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704(a)) are amended to read as follows: “(1) be designed and administered to achieve the objectives set forth in subsection (c); “(2) involve, where appropriate, each of the agencies listed in subsection (d) and the non-Federal participation specified in subsection (h); and “(3) include each of the elements described in subsections (e) and (f) and the assistance to the States specified in subsection (g).”.

3. 1980

   Pub. L. 96–472 § 101(b) · 94 Stat. 2257

   Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)

   Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(b), substituted provisions setting forth the duties of the President and the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency with respect to the Program for provisions setting forth the duties of the President with respect to the program and plan

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(b), substituted provisions setting forth the duties of the President and the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency with respect to the Program for provisions setting forth the duties of the President with respect to the program and plan.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (b) Section 5(b) of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704(b)) is amended to read as follows: “(b) Duties.— “(1) The President shall— “(A) assign and specify the role and responsibility of each appropriate Federal department, agency, and entity with respect to each object and element of the program; and “(B) establish goals, priorities, budgets, and target dates for implementation of the program. “(2) The Federal Emergency Management Agency (hereinafter Federal Emergency Management Agency, designated responsibilities. referred to as the ‘Agency’) is designated as the agency with the primary responsibilities to plan and coordinate the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. The Director of the Agency (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Director’) shall— “(A) recommend to the President the role and responsibility of each appropriate Federal department, agency, and entity with respect to each object and element of the program; “(B) recommend to the President goals, priorities, budgets, and target dates for implementation of the program; “(C) provide a method for cooperation and coordination with, and assistance (to the extent of available resources) to, interested governmental entities in all States, particularly those containing areas of high or moderate seismic risk; “(D) provide for qualified and sufficient staffing for the program and its components; “(E) compile and maintain a written program plan for the program specified in subsections (a), (e), (f), and (g), which plan will recommend base and incremental budget options for the agencies to carry out the elements and programs specified through at least 1985, and which plan shall be completed by September 30, 1981, and transmitted to the Congress and shall be updated annually; and “(F) recommend appropriate roles for State and local units of government, individuals, and private organizations.”.

4. 1980

   Pub. L. 96–472 § 101(c) · 94 Stat. 2257

   1. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(d)

      Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(c), substituted “(1)(A)” for “(3)(B)”

   2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(d)

      Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(c), substituted “Department of Commerce” for “National Bureau of Standards”

   3. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(d)

      Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(c), substituted “Federal Emergency Management Agency” for “National Fire Prevention and Control Administration”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(c), substituted “(1)(A)” for “(3)(B)”, “Department of Commerce” for “National Bureau of Standards”, and “Federal Emergency Management Agency” for “National Fire Prevention and Control Administration”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (c) Section 5(d) of such Act is amended by striking out “(3)(B)” and inserting in lieu thereof “(1)(A)”, by striking out “National Bureau of Standards” and inserting in lieu thereof “Department of Commerce”, and by striking out “National Fire Prevention and Control Administration” and inserting in lieu thereof “Federal Emergency Management Agency”.

5. 1980

   Pub. L. 96–472 § 101(d) · 94 Stat. 2257

   Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(e)(6)

   Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(d), substituted “potential” for “political”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (e)(6). Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(d), substituted “potential” for “political”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (d) Section 5(e)(6) of such Act is amended by striking out “political” and by inserting in lieu thereof “potential”.

6. 1980

   Pub. L. 96–472 § 101(e) · 94 Stat. 2257

   1. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(f)

      Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(e), substituted in provision preceding par. (1), provision directing that the mitigation elements of the program are to be as specified in pars. (1) to (8) for provision authorizing the establishment of a implementation plan, year-by-year targets, and Federal and non-Federal roles, in par. (1)

   2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(f)

      Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(e), substituted provision including as one of the mitigating elements, issuance of earthquake predictions for provision including in the implementation plan development of measures in preparing for earthquakes, actual predictions, warnings, and insuring a comprehensive response to an earthquake

   3. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(f)

      Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(e), added pars. (7) and (8)

   4. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(f)

      Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(e), struck out provision following par. (8), that when the implementation plan developed by the President contemplates specific action to be taken by a Federal agency, department, or entity, and at the end of the 30-day period beginning on the date the President submits such plan to the appropriate authorizing committees of Congress and such action has not been initiated, the President submit to such committees a report why such action has not been taken

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(e), substituted in provision preceding par. (1), provision directing that the mitigation elements of the program are to be as specified in pars. (1) to (8) for provision authorizing the establishment of a implementation plan, year-by-year targets, and Federal and non-Federal roles, in par. (1), substituted provision including as one of the mitigating elements, issuance of earthquake predictions for provision including in the implementation plan development of measures in preparing for earthquakes, actual predictions, warnings, and insuring a comprehensive response to an earthquake, added pars. (7) and (8), and struck out provision following par. (8), that when the implementation plan developed by the President contemplates specific action to be taken by a Federal agency, department, or entity, and at the end of the 30-day period beginning on the date the President submits such plan to the appropriate authorizing committees of Congress and such action has not been initiated, the President submit to such committees a report why such action has not been taken.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (e) (1) That portion of section 5(f) of such Act which precedes paragraph (1) thereof is amended to read as follows: “(f) Mitigation Elements.— The mitigation elements of the program shall provide for—”, (2) Paragraph (1) of section 5(f) of such Act is amended to read as follows: “(1) Issuance of earthquake predictions.— The Director of the United States Geological Survey is hereby given the authority, after notification of the Director, to issue an earthquake prediction or other earthquake advisory as he deems necessary. For the purposes of evaluating a prediction, the National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council shall be exempt from the requirements of section 10(a)(2) of the Federal Advisory 5 USC app. Committee Act. The Director shall have responsibility to provide State and local officials and residents of an area for which a prediction has been made with recommendations of actions to be taken;”. (3) (A) Section 5(f) of such Act is amended by striking out “and” at the end of paragraph (5), by striking out the period at the end of paragraph (6) and inserting in lieu thereof a semicolon, and by inserting after paragraph (6) the following: “(7) transmittal to Congress by the Director of an intraagency coordination plan for earthquake hazard mitigation and response within thirty days after enactment of this paragraph, which plan shall coordinate all of the directorates of the Agency; and “(8) the development and implementation by the Director of a preparedness plan for response to earthquake predictions which includes the following items: “(A) A prototype plan to be in place in one major metropolitan area by September 30, 1981. “(B) An action plan to be completed for specific adaptations of the prototype plan to other high risk metropolitan areas by September 30, 1981. “(C) These prediction response plans are to be integrated with preparedness response plans. “(D) The plans shall include coordination with State and local governmental companion efforts. “(E) The plans shall be updated as new, relevant information becomes available.”. (B) The last sentence of section 5(f) of such Act is repealed.

7. 1980

   Pub. L. 96–472 § 101(f) · 94 Stat. 2257

   Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(i)

   Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(f), added subsec. (i)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 96–472, § 101(f), added subsec. (i).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (f) Section 5 of such Act is amended by inserting at the end thereof Report to Congress. 42 USC 7704. the following: “(i) Study.— Within one year after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Director shall conduct a study and prepare and transmit recommendations to Congress to amend the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5121, et seq.) to include provisions for funding for the period of time following a validated earthquake prediction.”.

8. 1985

   Pub. L. 99–105 § 5 · 99 Stat. 475

   1. Amended · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)(E)

      Pub. L. 99–105, § 5, amended subpar. (E) generally

   2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)(E)

      Pub. L. 99–105, § 5, substituting “to be submitted to the Congress and updated at such times as may be required by significant program events, but in no event less frequently than every three years;” for “which plan will recommend base and incremental budget options for the agencies to carry out the elements and programs specified through at least 1985, and which plan shall be completed by September 30, 1981, and transmitted to the Congress and shall be updated annually; and”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(2)(E). Pub. L. 99–105, § 5, amended subpar. (E) generally, substituting “to be submitted to the Congress and updated at such times as may be required by significant program events, but in no event less frequently than every three years;” for “which plan will recommend base and incremental budget options for the agencies to carry out the elements and programs specified through at least 1985, and which plan shall be completed by September 30, 1981, and transmitted to the Congress and shall be updated annually; and”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   Sec. 5. Section 5(b)(2)(E) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 7704(b)(2)(E)) is amended to read as follows: “(E) compile and maintain a written plan for the program specified in subsections (a), (e), (f), and (g), to be submitted to the Congress and updated at such times as may be required by significant program events, but in no event less frequently than every three years;”.

9. 1985

   Pub. L. 99–105 § 6 · 99 Stat. 475

   1. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)(F); 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)(G)

      Pub. L. 99–105, § 6, added subpar. (F)

   2. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)(F); 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)(G)

      Pub. L. 99–105, § 6, redesignated former subpar. (F) as (G)

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (b)(2)(F), (G). Pub. L. 99–105, § 6, added subpar. (F) and redesignated former subpar. (F) as (G).

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   Sec. 6. Section 5(b)(2) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 7704(b)(2)) (as amended by section 5 of this Act) is further amended by redesignating subparagraph (F) as subparagraph (G), and by inserting after subparagraph (E) the following new subparagraph: “(F) make, in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey, the National Science Foundation, and the National Bureau of Standards, an annual presentation to the appropriate committee of the Congress within sixty days after the end of each fiscal year for the purpose of communicating any events and any programmatic requirements deemed significant by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program; and”.

10. 1988

    Pub. L. 100–252 § 2 · 102 Stat. 18

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(j)

    Pub. L. 100–252 added subsec. (j)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 100–252 added subsec. (j).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 2. Section 5 of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(j) Cost Sharing.— (1) In the case of any State which has voluntarily engaged in cost sharing by matching Federal grants from the Federal Emergency Management Agency for activities under this Act over the three-fiscal-year period ending September 30, 1987, any such cost sharing that may be required for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988, or the fiscal year ending September 30, 1989, shall be at a level no higher than the State’s average level of such cost sharing over such three-year period. “(2) In the case of any State which has not engaged in cost sharing by matching Federal grants from the Federal Emergency Management Agency for activities under this Act over such three-fiscal-year period— “(A) no such cost sharing may be required for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988; and “(B) any such cost sharing that may be required for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1989, shall be at a level no higher than 25 percent of the cost of the activities involved. “(3) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to prevent a State, voluntarily and at its option, from engaging in cost sharing at a level higher than the maximum level which may be required of it under paragraph (1) or (2).”.

11. 1988

    Technology Competitiveness Act

    Pub. L. 100–418 title V § 5115(c) · 102 Stat. 1107

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)(F)

    Pub. L. 100–418 substituted “National Institute of Standards and Technology” for “National Bureau of Standards”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2)(F). Pub. L. 100–418 substituted “National Institute of Standards and Technology” for “National Bureau of Standards”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (c) Amendments to Other Laws.— References in any other Federal 15 USC 271 note. law to the National Bureau of Standards shall be deemed to refer to the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

12. 1988

    The Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Amendments of 1988

    Pub. L. 100–707 title I § 109(u) · 102 Stat. 4689

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(g); 42 U.S.C. § 7704(i)

    Pub. L. 100–707 substituted “Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act” for “Disaster Relief Act of 1974”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsecs. (g), (i). Pub. L. 100–707 substituted “Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act” for “Disaster Relief Act of 1974”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (u) Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977.— Subsections (g) and (i) of section 5 of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704) are each amended by striking out “Act of 1974” and inserting in lieu thereof “and Emergency Assistance Act”.

13. 1990

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act

    Pub. L. 101–614 § 5 · 104 Stat. 3231

    1. Amended · 42 U.S.C. § 7704

       Pub. L. 101–614 amended section generally

    2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704

       Pub. L. 101–614 substituting present provisions consisting of subsecs. (a) and (b) for former provisions which provided for: in subsec. (a), establishment of program; in subsec. (b), duties of President and Director of Federal Emergency Management Agency; in subsec. (c), objectives of program; in subsec. (d), Federal participation; in subsec. (e), research elements; in subsec. (f), mitigation elements; in subsec. (g), State assistance; in subsec. (h), non-Federal participation; in subsec. (i), study and recommendations on disaster relief; and in subsec. (j), cost sharing

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 101–614 amended section generally, substituting present provisions consisting of subsecs. (a) and (b) for former provisions which provided for: in subsec. (a), establishment of program; in subsec. (b), duties of President and Director of Federal Emergency Management Agency; in subsec. (c), objectives of program; in subsec. (d), Federal participation; in subsec. (e), research elements; in subsec. (f), mitigation elements; in subsec. (g), State assistance; in subsec. (h), non-Federal participation; in subsec. (i), study and recommendations on disaster relief; and in subsec. (j), cost sharing.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    Sec. 5. national earthquake hazards reduction program Section 5 of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704) is amended to read as follows: “SEC. 5. NATIONAL EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS REDUCTION PROGRAM. “(a) Establishment.— There is established a National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. “(b) Responsibilities of Program Agencies.— “(1) Lead agency.— The Federal Emergency Management Agency (hereafter in this Act referred to as the ‘Agency’) shall have the primary responsibility for planning and coordinating the Program. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the Agency shall— “(A) prepare, in conjunction with the other Program agencies, an annual budget for the Program to be submitted to the Office of Management and Budget; “(B) ensure that the Program includes the necessary steps to promote the implementation of earthquake hazard reduction measures by Federal, State, and local governments, national standards and model building code organizations, architects and engineers, and others with a role in planning and constructing buildings and lifelines; “(C) prepare, in conjunction with the other Program agencies, a written plan for the Program, which shall include specific tasks and milestones for each Program agency, and which shall be submitted to the Congress and updated at such times as may be required by significant Program events, but in no event less frequently than every 3 years; “(D) prepare, in conjunction with the other Program Reports. agencies, a biennial report, to be submitted to the Congress within 90 days after the end of each even-numbered fiscal year, which shall describe the activities and achievements of the Program during the preceding two fiscal years; and “(E) request the assistance of Federal agencies other than the Program agencies, as necessary to assist in carrying out this Act. The principal official carrying out the responsibilities described in this paragraph shall be at a level no lower than that of Associate Director. “(2) Federal emergency management agency.— “(A) Program responsibilities.— In addition to the lead agency responsibilities described in paragraph (1), the Director of the Agency shall— “(i) operate a program of grants and technical Grant programs. Inter-governmental relations. assistance which would enable States to develop preparedness and response plans, prepare inventories and conduct seismic safety inspections of critical structures and lifelines, update building and zoning codes and ordinances to enhance seismic safety, increase earthquake awareness and education, and encourage the development of multi-State groups for such purposes; “(ii) prepare and execute, in conjunction with the Education. Public information. Program agencies, the Department of Education, other Federal agencies, and private sector groups, a comprehensive earthquake education and public awareness program, to include development of materials and their wide dissemination to schools and the general public; “(iii) prepare and disseminate widely, with the assistance of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, other Federal agencies, and private sector groups, information on building codes and practices for structures and lifelines; “(iv) develop, and coordinate the execution of, Federal interagency plans to respond to an earthquake, with specific plans for each high-risk area which ensure the availability of adequate emergency medical resources, search and rescue personnel and equipment, and emergency broadcast capability; “(v) develop approaches to combine measures for earthquake hazards reduction with measures for reduction of other natural and technological hazards; and “(vi) provide response recommendations to communities after an earthquake prediction has been made under paragraph (3)(D). In addition, the Director of the Agency may enter into cooperative agreements or contracts with States and local jurisdictions to establish demonstration projects on earth-quake hazard mitigation, to link earthquake research and mitigation efforts with emergency management programs, or to prepare educational materials for national distribution. “(B) State assistance program criteria.— In order to qualify for assistance under subparagraph (A)(i), a State must— “(i) demonstrate that the assistance will result in enhanced seismic safety in the State; “(ii) provide a share of the costs of the activities for which assistance is being given, in accordance with subparagraph (C); and “(iii) meet such other requirements as the Director of the Agency shall prescribe. “(C) Non-federal cost sharing.— “(i) In the case of any State which has received, before October 1, 1990, a grant from the Agency for activities under this Act which included a requirement for cost sharing by matching such grant, any grant obtained from the Agency for activities under subparagraph (A)(i) after such date shall not include a requirement for cost sharing in an amount greater than 50 percent of the cost of the project for which the grant is made. “(ii) In the case of any State which has not received, before October 1, 1990, a grant from the Agency for activities under this Act which included a requirement for cost sharing by matching such grant, any grant obtained from the Agency for activities under subparagraph (A)(i) after such date— “(I) shall not include a requirement for cost sharing for the first fiscal year of such a grant; “(II) shall not include a requirement for cost sharing in an amount greater than 25 percent of the cost of the project for which the grant is made for the second fiscal year of such grant, and any cost sharing requirement may be satisfied through in-kind contributions; “(III) shall not include a requirement for cost sharing in an amount greater than 35 percent of the cost of the project for which the grant is made for the third fiscal year of such grant, and any cost sharing requirement may be satisfied through in-kind contributions; and “(IV) shall not include a requirement for cost sharing in an amount greater than 50 percent of the cost of the project for which the grant is made for the fourth and subsequent fiscal years of such grant. “(3) United states geological survey.— The United States Research. Geological Survey shall conduct research necessary to characterize and identify earthquake hazards, assess earth-quake risks, monitor seismic activity, and improve earthquake predictions. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the United States Geological Survey shall— “(A) conduct a systematic assessment of the seismic risks in each region of the Nation prone to earthquakes, including, where appropriate, the establishment and operation of intensive monitoring projects on hazardous faults, seismic microzonation studies in urban and other developed areas where earthquake risk is determined to be significant, and engineering seismology studies; “(B) work with officials of State and local governments to ensure that they are knowledgeable about the specific seismic risks in their areas; “(C) develop standard procedures, in consultation with the Agency, for issuing earthquake predictions, including aftershock advisories; “(D) issue when necessary, and notify the Director of the Agency of, an earthquake prediction or other earthquake advisory, which may be evaluated by the National Earth-quake Prediction Evaluation Council, which shall be exempt from the requirements of section 10(a)(2) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act when meeting for such purposes; “(E) establish, using existing facilities, a Center for the Establishment. Foreign relations. International Exchange of Earthquake Information which shall— “(i) promote the exchange of information on earth-quake research and earthquake preparedness between the United States and other nations; “(ii) maintain a library containing selected reports, research papers, and data produced through the Program; “(iii) answer requests from other nations for information on United States earthquake research and earth-quake preparedness programs; and “(iv) direct foreign requests to the agency involved in the Program which is best able to respond to the request; and “(F) operate a National Seismic Network; “(G) support regional seismic networks, which shall complement the National Seismic Network. “(4) National science foundation.— The National Science Research. Foundation shall be responsible for funding research on earth sciences to improve the understanding of the causes and behavior of earthquakes, on earthquake engineering, and on human response to earthquakes. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall— “(A) encourage prompt dissemination of significant findings, sharing of data, samples, physical collections, and other supporting materials, and development of intellectual property so research results can be used by appropriate organizations to mitigate earthquake damage; “(B) in addition to supporting individual investigators, support university research consortia and centers for re-search in geosciences and in earthquake engineering; “(C) work closely with the United States Geological Survey to identify geographic regions of national concern that should be the focus of targeted solicitations for earth-quake-related research proposals; “(D) emphasize, in earthquake engineering research, development of economically feasible methods to retrofit existing buildings and to protect lifelines to mitigate earth-quake damage; and “(E) support research that studies the political, economic, and social factors that influence the implementation of hazard reduction measures. “(5) National institute of standards and technology.— The National Institute of Standards and Technology shall be responsible for carrying out research and development to improve building codes and standards and practices for structures and lifelines. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall— “(A) work closely with national standards and model building code organizations, in conjunction with the Agency, to promote the implementation of research results; “(B) promote better building practices among architects and engineers; and “(C) work closely with national standards organizations to develop seismic safety standards and practices for new and existing lifelines.”.

14. 1997

    Pub. L. 105–47 § 3(b) · 111 Stat. 1159

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(F)

    Pub. L. 105–47, § 3(b), added subpar. (F)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1)(F). Pub. L. 105–47, § 3(b), added subpar. (F).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (b) Federal Emergency Management Agency.— Section 5(b)(1) of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704(b)(1)) is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of subparagraph (D); (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (E) and inserting and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(F) work with the National Science Foundation, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the United States Geological Survey, to develop a comprehensive plan for earthquake engineering research to effectively use existing testing facilities and laboratories (existing at the time of the development of the plan), upgrade facilities and equipment as needed, and integrate new, innovative testing approaches to the research infrastructure in a systematic manner.”.

15. 1997

    Pub. L. 105–47 § 3(c) · 111 Stat. 1159

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(H)

    Pub. L. 105–47, § 3(c), added subpar. (H)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(H). Pub. L. 105–47, § 3(c), added subpar. (H).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (c) United States Geological Survey.— Section 5(b)(3) of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704(b)(3)) is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of subparagraph (E); (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (G) and inserting and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(H) work with the National Science Foundation, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology to develop a comprehensive plan for earthquake engineering research to effectively use existing testing facilities and laboratories (in existence at the time of the development of the plan), upgrade facilities and equipment as needed, and integrate new, innovative testing approaches to the research infrastructure in a systematic manner.”.

16. 1997

    Pub. L. 105–47 § 3(a) · 111 Stat. 1159

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)(F)

    Pub. L. 105–47, § 3(a), added subpar. (F)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(4)(F). Pub. L. 105–47, § 3(a), added subpar. (F).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (a) National Science Foundation.— Section 5(b)(4) of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704(b)(4)) is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of subparagraph (D); (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (E) and inserting “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(F) develop, in conjunction with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the United States Geological Survey, a comprehensive plan for earthquake engineering research to effectively use existing testing facilities and laboratories (in existence at the time of the development of the plan), upgrade facilities and equipment as needed, and integrate new, innovative testing approaches to the research infrastructure in a systematic manner.”.

17. 1997

    Pub. L. 105–47 § 3(d) · 111 Stat. 1159

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(5)(D)

    Pub. L. 105–47, § 3(d), added subpar. (D)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(5)(D). Pub. L. 105–47, § 3(d), added subpar. (D).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (d) National Institute of Standards and Technology.— Section 5(b)(5) of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704(b)(5)) is amended— (1) by striking “and” at the end of subparagraph (B); (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (C) and inserting “; and”; and (3) by adding at the end the following: “(D) work with the National Science Foundation, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the United States Geological Survey to develop a comprehensive plan for earthquake engineering research to effectively use existing testing facilities and laboratories (in existence at the time of the development of the plan), upgrade facilities and equipment as needed, and integrate new, innovative testing approaches to the research infrastructure in a systematic manner.”.

18. 2000

    Pub. L. 106–503 § 206(1) · 114 Stat. 2298

    1. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)

       Pub. L. 106–503, § 206(1), redesignated subpars. (B) to (F) as (A) to (E), respectively

    2. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)

       Pub. L. 106–503, § 206(1), struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: “prepare, in conjunction with the other Program agencies, an annual budget for the Program to be submitted to the Office of Management and Budget;”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 106–503, § 206(1), redesignated subpars. (B) to (F) as (A) to (E), respectively, and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: “prepare, in conjunction with the other Program agencies, an annual budget for the Program to be submitted to the Office of Management and Budget;”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by striking subparagraph (A) of subsection (b)(1) and redesignating subparagraphs (B) through (F) of subsection (b)(1) as subparagraphs (A) through (E), respectively; and

19. 2000

    Pub. L. 106–503 § 208 · 114 Stat. 2298

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)(A)(ii)

    Pub. L. 106–503, § 208, inserted before semicolon at end “, and development of means of increasing public access to available locality-specific information that may assist the public in preparing for or responding to earthquakes”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 106–503, § 208, inserted before semicolon at end “, and development of means of increasing public access to available locality-specific information that may assist the public in preparing for or responding to earthquakes”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    SEC. 208. PUBLIC ACCESS TO EARTHQUAKE INFORMATION. Section 5(b)(2)(A)(ii) of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704(b)(2)(A)(ii)) is amended by inserting “, and development of means of increasing public access to available locality-specific information that may assist the public in preparing for or responding to earthquakes” after “and the general public”.

20. 2000

    Pub. L. 106–503 § 206(2) · 114 Stat. 2298

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(c)

    Pub. L. 106–503, § 206(2), added subsec. (c)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 106–503, § 206(2), added subsec. (c).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection: “(c) Budget Coordination.— “(1) Guidance.— The Agency shall each year provide guidance to the other Program agencies concerning the preparation of requests for appropriations for activities related to the Program, and shall prepare, in conjunction with the other Program agencies, an annual Program budget to be submitted to the Office of Management and Budget. “(2) Reports.— Each Program agency shall include with its annual request for appropriations submitted to the Office of Management and Budget a report that— “(A) identifies each element of the proposed Program activities of the agency; “(B) specifies how each of these activities contributes to the Program; and “(C) states the portion of its request for appropriations allocated to each element of the Program”.

21. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(1) · 118 Stat. 1668

    Amended · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)

    Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(1), amended heading and text of subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “There is established a National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(1), amended heading and text of subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “There is established a National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) by amending subsection (a) to read as follows: “(a) Establishment.— “(1) In general.— There is established the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. “(2) Program activities.— The activities of the Program shall be designed to— “(A) develop effective measures for earthquake hazards reduction; “(B) promote the adoption of earthquake hazards reduction measures by Federal, State, and local governments, national standards and model code organizations, architects and engineers, building owners, and others with a role in planning and constructing buildings, structures, and lifelines through— “(i) grants, contracts, cooperative agreements, and technical assistance; “(ii) development of standards, guidelines, and voluntary consensus codes for earthquake hazards reduction for buildings, structures, and lifelines; “(iii) development and maintenance of a repository of information, including technical data, on seismic risk and hazards reduction; and “(C) improve the understanding of earthquakes and their effects on communities, buildings, structures, and lifelines, through interdisciplinary research that involves engineering, natural sciences, and social, economic, and decisions sciences; and “(D) develop, operate, and maintain an Advanced National Seismic Research and Monitoring System established under section 13 of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7707), the George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation established under section 14 of that Act (42 U.S.C. 7708), and the Global Seismographic Network. “(3) Interagency coordinating committee on earthquake hazards reduction.— “(A) In general.— There is established an Interagency Coordinating Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction chaired by the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (referred to in this subsection as the ‘Director’). “(B) Membership.— The committee shall be composed of the directors of— “(i) the Federal Emergency Management Agency; “(ii) the United States Geological Survey; “(iii) the National Science Foundation; “(iv) the Office of Science and Technology Policy; and “(v) the Office of Management and Budget. “(C) Meetings.— The Committee shall meet not less than 3 times a year at the call of the Director. “(D) Purpose and duties.— The Interagency Coordinating Committee shall oversee the planning, management, and coordination of the Program. The Interagency Coordinating Committee shall— “(i) Deadline. develop, not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004 and update periodically— “(I) a strategic plan that establishes goals and priorities for the Program activities described under subsection (a)(2); and “(II) a detailed management plan to implement such strategic plan; and “(ii) develop a coordinated interagency budget for the Program that will ensure appropriate balance among the Program activities described under subsection (a)(2), and, in accordance with the plans developed under clause (i), submit such budget to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget at the time designated by that office for agencies to submit annual budgets. “(4) Annual report.— The Interagency Coordinating Committee shall transmit, at the time of the President’s budget request to Congress, an annual report to the Committee on Science and the Committee on Resources of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate. Such report shall include— “(A) the Program budget for the current fiscal year for each agency that participates in the Program, and for each major goal established for the Program activities under subparagraph (3)(A); “(B) the proposed Program budget for the next fiscal year for each agency that participates in the Program, and for each major goal established for the Program activities under subparagraph (3)(A); “(C) a description of the activities and results of the Program during the previous year, including an assessment of the effectiveness of the Program in furthering the goals established in the strategic plan under (3)(A); “(D) a description of the extent to which the Program has incorporated the recommendations of the Advisory Committee; “(E) a description of activities, including budgets for the current fiscal year and proposed budgets for the next fiscal year, that are carried out by Program agencies and contribute to the Program, but are not included in the Program; and “(F) a description of the activities, including budgets for the current fiscal year and proposed budgets for the following fiscal year, related to the grant program carried out under subsection (b)(2)(A)(i). “(5) Advisory committee.— “(A) In general.— The Director shall establish an Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction of at least 11 members, none of whom may be an employee (as defined in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of section 7342(a)(1) of title 5, United States Code, including representatives of research and academic institutions, industry standards development organizations, State and local government, and financial communities who are qualified to provide advice on earthquake hazards reduction and represent all related scientific, architectural, and engineering disciplines. The recommendations of the Advisory Committee shall be considered by Federal agencies in implementing the Program. “(B) Assessment.— The Advisory Committee shall assess— “(i) trends and developments in the science and engineering of earthquake hazards reduction; “(ii) effectiveness of the Program in carrying out the activities under (a)(2); “(iii) the need to revise the Program; and “(iv) the management, coordination, implementation, and activities of the Program. “(C) Report.— Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004 and at least once every 2 years thereafter, the Advisory Committee shall report to the Director on its findings of the assessment carried out under subparagraph (B) and its recommendations for ways to improve the Program. In developing recommendations, the Committee shall consider the recommendations of the United States Geological Survey Scientific Earthquake Studies Advisory Committee. “(D) Federal advisory committee act application.— Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 App. U.S.C. 14) shall not apply to the Advisory Committee.” ;

22. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(A)(i) · 118 Stat. 1668

    1. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(i), (iv), in introductory provisions, substituted “National Institute of Standards and Technology shall have the primary responsibility for planning and coordinating the Program. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the Institute” for “Federal Emergency Management Agency (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the ‘Agency’) shall have the primary responsibility for planning and coordinating the Program. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the Agency”

    2. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(i), (iv), in introductory provisions, struck out concluding provisions which read as follows: “The principal official carrying out the responsibilities described in this paragraph shall be at a level no lower than that of Associate Director.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(i), (iv), in introductory provisions, substituted “National Institute of Standards and Technology shall have the primary responsibility for planning and coordinating the Program. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the Institute” for “Federal Emergency Management Agency (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the ‘Agency’) shall have the primary responsibility for planning and coordinating the Program. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the Agency” and struck out concluding provisions which read as follows: “The principal official carrying out the responsibilities described in this paragraph shall be at a level no lower than that of Associate Director.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (i) by striking “Federal Emergency Management Agency” and all that follows through “of the Agency” and inserting “National Institute of Standards and Technology shall have the primary responsibility for planning and coordinating the Program. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the Institute”;

23. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(A)(ii) · 118 Stat. 1668

    1. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(B)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(ii), (iii), added subpar. (B)

    2. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(B)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(ii), (iii), struck out former subpar. (B) which read as follows: “prepare, in conjunction with the other Program agencies, a written plan for the Program, which shall include specific tasks and milestones for each Program agency, and which shall be submitted to the Congress and updated at such times as may be required by significant Program events, but in no event less frequently than every 3 years;”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1)(B). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(ii), (iii), added subpar. (B) and struck out former subpar. (B) which read as follows: “prepare, in conjunction with the other Program agencies, a written plan for the Program, which shall include specific tasks and milestones for each Program agency, and which shall be submitted to the Congress and updated at such times as may be required by significant Program events, but in no event less frequently than every 3 years;”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (ii) by striking subparagraphs (B) and (C) and redesignating subparagraphs (D) and (E) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively;

24. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(A)(ii) · 118 Stat. 1668

    1. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(C)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(ii), redesignated subpar. (D) as (C)

    2. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(C)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(ii), struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: “prepare, in conjunction with the other Program agencies, a biennial report, to be submitted to the Congress within 90 days after the end of each even-numbered fiscal year, which shall describe the activities and achievements of the Program during the preceding two fiscal years;”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(ii), redesignated subpar. (D) as (C) and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: “prepare, in conjunction with the other Program agencies, a biennial report, to be submitted to the Congress within 90 days after the end of each even-numbered fiscal year, which shall describe the activities and achievements of the Program during the preceding two fiscal years;”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (ii) by striking subparagraphs (B) and (C) and redesignating subparagraphs (D) and (E) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively;

25. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(A)(ii) · 118 Stat. 1668

    1. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(D); 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(E)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(ii), (v), redesignated subpar. (E) as (D)

    2. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(D); 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(E)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(ii), (v), substituted “Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Science Foundation” for “National Science Foundation, the National Institute of Standards and Technology”. Former subpar. (D) redesignated (C)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1)(D), (E). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(A)(ii), (v), redesignated subpar. (E) as (D) and substituted “Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Science Foundation” for “National Science Foundation, the National Institute of Standards and Technology”. Former subpar. (D) redesignated (C).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (ii) by striking subparagraphs (B) and (C) and redesignating subparagraphs (D) and (E) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively;

26. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(B) · 118 Stat. 1668

    1. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(B), inserted heading

    2. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(B), struck out former heading “Federal Emergency Management Agency”

    3. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(B), added subpar. (A)

    4. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(B), struck out heading and text of former subpar. (A) which related to earthquake program responsibilities of the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(B), inserted heading, struck out former heading “Federal Emergency Management Agency”, added subpar. (A), and struck out heading and text of former subpar. (A) which related to earthquake program responsibilities of the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) by striking so much of paragraph (2) as precedes subparagraph (B) and inserting the following: “(2) Department of homeland security; federal emergency management agency.— “(A) Program responsibilities.— The Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Emergency Preparedness and Response (the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency)— “(i) shall work closely with national standards and model building code organizations, in conjunction with the National Institute of Standards and Technology, to promote the implementation of research results; “(ii) shall promote better building practices within the building design and construction industry including architects, engineers, contractors, builders, and inspectors; “(iii) shall operate a program of grants and assistance to enable States to develop mitigation, preparedness, and response plans, prepare inventories and conduct seismic safety inspections of critical structures and lifelines, update building and zoning codes and ordinances to enhance seismic safety, increase earthquake awareness and education, and encourage the development of multi-State groups for such purposes; “(iv) shall support the implementation of a comprehensive earthquake education and public awareness program, including development of materials and their wide dissemination to all appropriate audiences and support public access to locality-specific information that may assist the public in preparing for, mitigating against, responding to and recovering from earthquakes and related disasters; “(v) shall assist the National Institute of Standards and Technology, other Federal agencies, and private sector groups, in the preparation, maintenance, and wide dissemination of seismic resistant design guidance and related information on building codes, standards, and practices for new and existing buildings, structures, and lifelines, and aid in the development of performance-based design guidelines and methodologies supporting model codes for buildings, structures, and lifelines that are cost effective and affordable; “(vi) shall develop, coordinate, and execute the National Response Plan when required following an earthquake, and support the development of specific State and local plans for each high risk area to ensure the availability of adequate emergency medical resources, search and rescue personnel and equipment, and emergency broadcast capability; “(vii) shall develop approaches to combine measures for earthquake hazards reduction with measures for reduction of other natural and technological hazards including performance-based design approaches; “(viii) shall provide preparedness, response, and mitigation recommendations to communities after an earthquake prediction has been made under paragraph (3)(D); and “(ix) may enter into cooperative agreements or contracts with States and local jurisdictions and other Federal agencies to establish demonstration projects on earthquake hazard mitigation, to link earthquake research and mitigation efforts with emergency management programs, or to prepare educational materials for national distribution.” ;

27. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(C)(i) · 118 Stat. 1668

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)

    Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(i), inserted “and other activities” after “shall conduct research” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(i), inserted “and other activities” after “shall conduct research” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (i) by inserting “and other activities” after “shall conduct research”;

28. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(C)(ii) · 118 Stat. 1668

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(C)

    Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(ii), substituted “the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology” for “the Agency”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(C). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(ii), substituted “the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology” for “the Agency”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking “the Agency” and inserting “the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology”;

29. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(C)(iii) · 118 Stat. 1668

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(D)

    Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(iii), substituted “the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology” for “the Director of the Agency”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(D). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(iii), substituted “the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology” for “the Director of the Agency”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (iii) in subparagraph (D), by striking “the Director of the Agency” and inserting “the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology”;

30. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(C)(iv) · 118 Stat. 1668

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(E)

    Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(iv), substituted “operate, using the National Earthquake Information Center, a forum for the international exchange of earthquake information” for “establish, using existing facilities, a Center for the International Exchange of Earthquake Information” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(E). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(iv), substituted “operate, using the National Earthquake Information Center, a forum for the international exchange of earthquake information” for “establish, using existing facilities, a Center for the International Exchange of Earthquake Information” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (iv) in subparagraph (E), by striking “establish, using existing facilities, a Center for the International Exchange of Earthquake Information” and inserting “operate, using the National Earthquake Information Center, a forum for the international exchange of earthquake information”;

31. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(C)(v) · 118 Stat. 1668

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(F)

    Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(v), substituted “System” for “Network”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(F). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(v), substituted “System” for “Network”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (v) in subparagraph (F), by striking “Network” and inserting “System”; and

32. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(C)(vi) · 118 Stat. 1668

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(I); 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(J)

    Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(vi), added subpars. (I) and (J)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(I), (J). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(C)(vi), added subpars. (I) and (J).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (vi) by inserting after subparagraph (H) the following new subparagraphs: “(I) work with other Program agencies to coordinate Program activities with similar earthquake hazards reduction efforts in other countries, to ensure that the Program benefits from relevant information and advances in those countries; and “(J) maintain suitable seismic hazard maps in support of building codes for structures and lifelines, including additional maps needed for performance-based design approaches.” ;

33. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(D) · 118 Stat. 1668

    1. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)(D)(H)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(D), added subpars. (D) and (G)

    2. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)(D)(H)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(D), redesignated former subpars. (D), (E), and (F) as (E), (F), and (H), respectively

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(4)(D) to (H). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(D), added subpars. (D) and (G) and redesignated former subpars. (D), (E), and (F) as (E), (F), and (H), respectively.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (D) in paragraph (4)— (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (D), (E), and (F) as subparagraphs (E), (F), and (H), respectively; (ii) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following: “(D) support research that improves the safety and performance of buildings, structures, and lifeline systems using large-scale experimental and computational facilities of the George E. Brown Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation and other institutions engaged in research and the implementation of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program;” ; (iii) in subparagraph (F) (as so redesignated), by striking “; and” and inserting a semicolon; and (iv) by inserting after subparagraph (F) (as so redesignated) the following: “(G) include to the maximum extent practicable diverse institutions, including Historically Black Colleges and Universities and those serving large proportions of Hispanics, Native Americans, Asian-Pacific Americans, and other underrepresented populations; and” ;

34. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(E) · 118 Stat. 1668

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(5)

    Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(E), in introductory provisions, substituted “In addition to the lead agency responsibilities described under paragraph (1), the National” for “The National”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(E), in introductory provisions, substituted “In addition to the lead agency responsibilities described under paragraph (1), the National” for “The National”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (E) in paragraph (5), by striking “The National” and inserting “In addition to the lead agency responsibilities described under paragraph (1), the National”; and

35. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(2)(F) · 118 Stat. 1668

    1. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(5)(D); 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(5)(E)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(F), added subpar. (D)

    2. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(5)(D); 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(5)(E)

       Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(F), redesignated former subpar. (D) as (E)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(5)(D), (E). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(2)(F), added subpar. (D) and redesignated former subpar. (D) as (E).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (F) in paragraph (5)— (i) by striking “and” after the semicolon in subparagraph (C); (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as subparagraph (E); and (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following: “(D) support the development and commercial application of cost effective and affordable performance-based seismic engineering by providing technical support for seismic engineering practices and related building code, standards, and practices development; and” ; and

36. 2004

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004

    Pub. L. 108–360 § 103(3) · 118 Stat. 1668

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(c)(1)

    Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(3), substituted “Interagency Coordinating Committee” for “Agency”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 108–360, § 103(3), substituted “Interagency Coordinating Committee” for “Agency”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) in subsection (c)(1), by striking “Agency” and inserting “Interagency Coordinating Committee”.

37. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 2(c)(1)(B) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 2(c)(1)(B), substituted “lifeline infrastructure” for “lifelines” wherever appearing

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 2(c)(1)(B), substituted “lifeline infrastructure” for “lifelines” wherever appearing.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) Conforming amendment.— Such Act (42 U.S.C. 7701 et seq.) is amended by striking “lifelines” each place it appears and inserting “lifeline infrastructure”.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

38. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(a)(1)(A) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(2)(B)(iii)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(a)(1)(A), inserted “, community resilience,” after “seismic risk”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(a)(1)(A), inserted “, community resilience,” after “seismic risk”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in clause (iii), by inserting “, community resilience,” after “seismic risk”; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

39. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(a)(1)(B) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(2)(B)(iv)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(a)(1)(B), added cl. (iv)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(iv). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(a)(1)(B), added cl. (iv).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) by adding at the end the following: “(iv) publishing a systematic set of maps of active faults and folds, liquefaction susceptibility, susceptibility for earthquake induced landslides, and other seismically induced hazards; and” ; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

40. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(a)(2) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(2)(D)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(a)(2), substituted “continue the development of the Advanced National Seismic System, including earthquake early warning capabilities” for “develop, operate, and maintain an Advanced National Seismic Research and Monitoring System established under section 7707 of this title, the George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation established under section 7708 of this title,”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(2)(D). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(a)(2), substituted “continue the development of the Advanced National Seismic System, including earthquake early warning capabilities” for “develop, operate, and maintain an Advanced National Seismic Research and Monitoring System established under section 7707 of this title, the George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation established under section 7708 of this title,”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking “develop, operate” and all that follows through “7708),” and inserting “continue the development of the Advanced National Seismic System, including earthquake early warning capabilities”.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

41. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 8(a)(1)(A) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Struck and inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(3)(B)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 8(a)(1)(A), struck out “the directors of” after “composed of” in introductory provisions and inserted “the Administrator of” before “the” in cl. (i) and “the Director of” before “the” in cls. (ii) to (v)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3)(B). Pub. L. 115–307, § 8(a)(1)(A), struck out “the directors of” after “composed of” in introductory provisions and inserted “the Administrator of” before “the” in cl. (i) and “the Director of” before “the” in cls. (ii) to (v).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in subsection (a)(3)(B), as amended by section 3(b)(1) of this Act— (i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking “the directors of”; (ii) in clause (i), by inserting “the Administrator of” before “the”; and (iii) in clauses (ii) through (v), by inserting “the Director of” before “the” each place it appears; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

42. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(b)(1) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(3)(B)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(1), substituted “In addition to the Director, the committee” for “The committee” in introductory provisions

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(1), substituted “In addition to the Director, the committee” for “The committee” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) Clarification regarding membership.— Subparagraph (B) of subsection (a)(3) of such section is amended, in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking “The committee” and inserting “In addition to the Director, the committee”.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

43. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(b)(2) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(3)(C)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(2), substituted “not less frequently than once each year” for “not less than 3 times a year”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3)(C). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(2), substituted “not less frequently than once each year” for “not less than 3 times a year”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) Reduction in minimum frequency of meetings of interagency coordinating committee on earthquake hazards reduction.— Subparagraph (C) of such subsection is amended by striking “not less than 3 times a year” and inserting “not less frequently than once each year”.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

44. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(b)(3) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Amended · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(3)(D)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(3), amended subpar. (D) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (D) set out the purpose and duties of the Interagency Coordinating Committee

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(3)(D). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(3), amended subpar. (D) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (D) set out the purpose and duties of the Interagency Coordinating Committee.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) Expansion of duties.— Subparagraph (D) of such subsection is amended to read as follows: “(D) Duties.— “(i) General duty.— The Interagency Coordinating Committee shall oversee the planning, management, and coordination of the Program. “(ii) Specific duties.— The duties of the Interagency Coordinating Committee include the following: “(I) Developing, not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2004 and updating periodically— “(aa) a strategic plan that establishes goals and priorities for the Program activities described under subsection (a)(2); and “(bb) a detailed management plan to implement such strategic plan. “(II) Developing a coordinated interagency budget for the Program that will ensure appropriate balance among the Program activities described under subsection (a)(2), and, in accordance with the plans developed under subclause (I), submitting such budget to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget at the time designated by the Director for agencies to submit biennial budgets. “(III) Developing interagency memorandums of understanding with any relevant Federal agencies on data sharing and resource commitment in the event of an earthquake disaster. “(IV) Coordinating with the Interagency Coordinating Committee on Windstorm Impact Reduction and other natural hazards coordination committees as the Director determines appropriate to share data and best practices. “(V) Coordinating with the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on data sharing and resource allocation to ensure judicious use of Government resources and the free-flowing exchange of information related to earthquakes. “(VI) Coordinating with the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior on the use of public lands for earthquake monitoring and research stations, and related data collection. “(VII) Coordinating with the Secretary of Transportation and the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development on the effects of earthquakes on transportation and housing stocks. “(iii) Assistance from secretary of agriculture and secretary of the interior.— To the extent practicable, the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior shall expedite any request for a permit to use public land under clause (ii)(VI).” .

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

45. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(b)(4)(A)(ii) · 132 Stat. 4408

    1. Amended · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(4)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(A)(ii), (vi), (vii), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A)

    2. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(4)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(A)(ii), (vi), (vii), inserted heading

    3. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(4)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(A)(ii), (vi), (vii), substituted “Not less frequently than once every two years, the Interagency Coordinating Committee shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Energy and Commerce, the Committee on Natural Resources, and the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives a report on the Program” for “The Interagency Coordinating Committee shall transmit, at the time of the President’s budget request to Congress, an annual report to the Committee on Science and the Committee on Resources of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate” in introductory provisions

    4. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(4)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(A)(ii), (vi), (vii), redesignated former subpars. (A) to (F) as cls. (i) to (vi), respectively, of subpar. (A) and realigned margins

    5. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(4)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(A)(ii), (vi), (vii), added subpar. (B)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(A)(ii), (vi), (vii), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and inserted heading, substituted “Not less frequently than once every two years, the Interagency Coordinating Committee shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Energy and Commerce, the Committee on Natural Resources, and the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives a report on the Program” for “The Interagency Coordinating Committee shall transmit, at the time of the President’s budget request to Congress, an annual report to the Committee on Science and the Committee on Resources of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate” in introductory provisions, redesignated former subpars. (A) to (F) as cls. (i) to (vi), respectively, of subpar. (A) and realigned margins, and added subpar. (B).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (F) as clauses (i) through (vi), respectively, and adjusting the indentation of the margin of such clauses, as so redesignated, two ems to the right;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

46. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(b)(4)(A)(i) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(4)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(A)(i), substituted “Biennial” for “Annual” in heading

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(A)(i), substituted “Biennial” for “Annual” in heading.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (i) in the paragraph heading, by striking “Annual” and inserting “Biennial”;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

47. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 8(c)(1) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(4)(A)(i); 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(4)(A)(ii)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 8(c)(1), substituted “paragraph (3)(D)(i)(I)” for “subparagraph (3)(A)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(4)(A)(i), (ii). Pub. L. 115–307, § 8(c)(1), substituted “paragraph (3)(D)(i)(I)” for “subparagraph (3)(A)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in clauses (i) and (ii) of subparagraph (A), as redesignated by such section 3(b)(4)(A), by striking “subparagraph (3)(A)” both places it appears and inserting “paragraph (3)(D)(i)(I)”; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

48. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 8(c)(2) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(4)(A)(iii)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 8(c)(2), substituted “under paragraph (3)(D)(i)(I)” for “under (3)(A)”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(4)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 115–307, § 8(c)(2), substituted “under paragraph (3)(D)(i)(I)” for “under (3)(A)”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in clause (iii), as so redesignated, by striking “under (3)(A)” and inserting “under paragraph (3)(D)(i)(I)”.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

49. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(b)(4)(A)(iii) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(4)(A)(vii)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(A)(iii)–(v), added cl. (vii)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(4)(A)(vii). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(A)(iii)–(v), added cl. (vii).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (iii) in clause (v), as so redesignated, by striking “; and” and inserting a semicolon;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

50. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(c)(1)(A) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(A)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(c)(1)(A), which directed substitution of “constructing, evaluating, and retrofitting” for “and constructing,”, was executed by making the substitution for “and constructing” to reflect the probable intent of Congress

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(c)(1)(A), which directed substitution of “constructing, evaluating, and retrofitting” for “and constructing,”, was executed by making the substitution for “and constructing” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking “and constructing,” and inserting “constructing, evaluating, and retrofitting”; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

51. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(c)(1)(B) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(1)(D)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(c)(1)(B), inserted “provide new and” after “research to”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(1)(D). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(c)(1)(B), inserted “provide new and” after “research to”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) in subparagraph (D), by inserting “provide new and” after “research to”; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

52. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(d) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Amended · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(2)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(d), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) related to program responsibilities of the Department of Homeland Security and Federal Emergency Management Agency, State assistance program criteria, and non-Federal cost sharing

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(d), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) related to program responsibilities of the Department of Homeland Security and Federal Emergency Management Agency, State assistance program criteria, and non-Federal cost sharing.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (d) Modification of Responsibilities of Federal Emergency Management Agency.— Paragraph (2) of subsection (b) of such section is amended to read as follows: “(2) Department of homeland security; federal emergency management agency.— “(A) Program responsibilities.— The Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency— “(i) shall operate a program of grants and assistance to enable States to develop mitigation, preparedness, and response plans, purchase necessary instrumentation, prepare inventories and conduct seismic safety inspections of critical structures and lifeline infrastructure, update building, land use planning, and zoning codes and ordinances to enhance seismic safety, increase earthquake awareness and education, and provide assistance to multi-State groups for such purposes; “(ii) shall support the implementation of a comprehensive earthquake education, outreach, and public awareness program, including development of materials and their wide dissemination to all appropriate audiences and support public access to locality-specific information that may assist the public in preparing for, mitigating against, responding to and recovering from earthquakes and related disasters; “(iii) shall, in conjunction with the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, other Federal agencies, and private sector groups, use research results to support the preparation, maintenance, and wide dissemination of seismic resistant design guidance and related information on building codes, standards, and practices for new and existing buildings, structures, and lifeline infrastructure, aid in the development of performance-based design guidelines and methodologies, and support model codes that are cost effective and affordable in order to promote better practices within the design and construction industry and reduce losses from earthquakes; “(iv) shall enter into cooperative agreements or contracts with States and local jurisdictions and other Federal agencies to establish demonstration projects on earthquake hazard mitigation, to link earthquake research and mitigation efforts with emergency management programs, or to prepare educational materials for national distribution; and “(v) shall support the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology in the completion of programmatic goals. “(B) State assistance program criteria.— In order to qualify for assistance under subparagraph (A)(i), a State must— “(i) demonstrate that the assistance will result in enhanced seismic safety in the State; “(ii) provide 25 percent of the costs of the activities for which assistance is being given, except that the Administrator may lower or waive the cost-share requirement for these activities for a small impoverished community, as defined in section 203 of the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5133(a)); and “(iii) meet such other requirements as the Administrator shall prescribe.” .

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

53. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(e)(1) · 132 Stat. 4408

    1. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(1), in introductory provisions, inserted “report on significant domestic and international earthquakes and” before “conduct research”

    2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(1), in introductory provisions, substituted “forecasts.” for “predictions.”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(1), in introductory provisions, inserted “report on significant domestic and international earthquakes and” before “conduct research” and substituted “forecasts.” for “predictions.”

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), in the first sentence— (A) by inserting “report on significant domestic and international earthquakes and” after “Survey shall”; and (B) by striking “predictions.” and inserting “forecasts.”;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

54. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 8(a)(1)(B) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(C)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 8(a)(1)(B), substituted “Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency” for “Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(C). Pub. L. 115–307, § 8(a)(1)(B), substituted “Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency” for “Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (B) in subsection (b)(3)(C), as amended by section 3(e), by striking “Director of the Federal” and inserting “Administrator of the Federal”; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

55. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(e)(2) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(C)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(2), substituted “alerts and early warnings” for “predictions, including aftershock advisories”

    Target inherited from the preceding amendment note.

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(2), substituted “alerts and early warnings” for “predictions, including aftershock advisories”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in subparagraph (C), by striking “predictions, including aftershock advisories” and inserting “alerts and early warnings”;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

56. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(e)(3) · 132 Stat. 4408

    1. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(D)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(3), added subpar. (D)

    2. Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(D)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(3), struck out former subpar. (D) which read as follows: “issue when necessary, and notify the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology of, an earthquake prediction or other earthquake advisory, which may be evaluated by the National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council, which shall be exempt from the requirements of section 10(a)(2) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act when meeting for such purposes;”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(D). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(3), added subpar. (D) and struck out former subpar. (D) which read as follows: “issue when necessary, and notify the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology of, an earthquake prediction or other earthquake advisory, which may be evaluated by the National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council, which shall be exempt from the requirements of section 10(a)(2) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act when meeting for such purposes;”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) by striking subparagraph (D) and inserting the following: “(D) issue when necessary and feasible, and notify the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and State and local officials, an alert and an earthquake warning;” ;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

57. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(e)(4) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(E)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(4), substituted “including” for “using” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(E). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(4), substituted “including” for “using” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) in subparagraph (E), in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking “using” and inserting “including”;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

58. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(e)(5) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Struck · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(I)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(5), struck out “and” at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(I). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(5), struck out “and” at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (5) in subparagraph (I), by striking “; and” and inserting a semicolon;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

59. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(e)(6) · 132 Stat. 4408

    1. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(J)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(6), inserted “and data” after “hazard maps”

    2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(J)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(6), substituted “; and” for period at end

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(J). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(6), inserted “and data” after “hazard maps” and substituted “; and” for period at end.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (6) in subparagraph (J)— (A) by inserting “and data” after “hazard maps”; and (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

60. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(e)(7) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(3)(K)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(7), added subpar. (K)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(3)(K). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(e)(7), added subpar. (K).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (7) by adding at the end the following: “(K) support the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology in the completion of programmatic goals.” .

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

61. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(f)(7) · 132 Stat. 4408

    1. Amended · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(7)–(9), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A)

    2. Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(7)–(9), inserted heading

    3. Redesignated · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(7)–(9), redesignated former subpars. (A) to (I) as cls. (i) to (ix), respectively, of subpar. (A)

    4. Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)

       Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(7)–(9), added subpar. (B)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(7)–(9), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and inserted heading, redesignated former subpars. (A) to (I) as cls. (i) to (ix), respectively, of subpar. (A), and added subpar. (B).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (7) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (I) as clauses (i) through (ix), respectively, and indenting such clauses accordingly;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

62. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(f)(1) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)(B)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(1), inserted “, State agencies, State geological surveys,” after “consortia”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(4)(B). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(1), inserted “, State agencies, State geological surveys,” after “consortia”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (1) in subparagraph (B), by inserting “, State agencies, State geological surveys,” after “consortia”;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

63. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(f)(2) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)(C)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(2), inserted “to support applied science in the production of a systematic series of earthquake-related geologic hazard maps, and” after “Survey”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(4)(C). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(2), inserted “to support applied science in the production of a systematic series of earthquake-related geologic hazard maps, and” after “Survey”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in subparagraph (C), by inserting “to support applied science in the production of a systematic series of earthquake-related geologic hazard maps, and” after “Survey”;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

64. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(f)(3) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)(D)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(3), substituted “experimental and computational facilities” for “large-scale experimental and computational facilities of the George E. Brown Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation and other institutions engaged in research and the implementation of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program”

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(4)(D). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(3), substituted “experimental and computational facilities” for “large-scale experimental and computational facilities of the George E. Brown Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation and other institutions engaged in research and the implementation of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program”.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (3) in subparagraph (D), by striking “large-scale experimental and computational facilities of the George E. Brown Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation and other institutions engaged in research and the implementation of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program” and inserting “experimental and computational facilities”;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

65. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(f)(4) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Added · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(4)(I)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(4)–(6), added subpar. (I)

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(4)(I). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(f)(4)–(6), added subpar. (I).

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (4) in subparagraph (G), by striking “; and” and inserting a semicolon;

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

66. 2018

    National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018

    Pub. L. 115–307 § 3(c)(2) · 132 Stat. 4408

    Inserted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(b)(5)

    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(c)(2), inserted “community resilience through” after “improve” in introductory provisions

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(c)(2), inserted “community resilience through” after “improve” in introductory provisions.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (2) in paragraph (5), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), in the first sentence, by inserting “community resilience through” after “improve”.

    Effective date note
    Pub. L. 115–307, § 3(b)(4)(B), Dec. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 4411, provided that: “The amendments made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 11, 2018].”

67. 2022

    Pub. L. 117–286 § 4(a)(271) · 136 Stat. 4196

    1. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(5)(D)

       Pub. L. 117–286 substituted “Application of chapter 10 of title 5” for “Federal Advisory Committee Act application” in text

    2. Substituted · 42 U.S.C. § 7704(a)(5)(D)

       Pub. L. 117–286 substituted “Section 1013 of title 5” for “Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 App. U.S.C. 14)” in text

    Source evidence

    Code amendment note
    Subsec. (a)(5)(D). Pub. L. 117–286 substituted “Application of chapter 10 of title 5” for “Federal Advisory Committee Act application” in heading and “Section 1013 of title 5” for “Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 App. U.S.C. 14)” in text.

    Enacted provision · exact public law section
    (271) Section 5(a)(5)(D) of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704(a)(5)(D)) is amended— (A) in the subparagraph heading, by striking “Federal advisory committee act application” and inserting “Application of chapter 10 of title 5, united states code”; and (B) in text, by striking “Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 App. U.S.C. 14)” and inserting “Section 1013 of title 5, United States Code,”.

97 of 97 references resolved to an enrolled provision