§ 2332. Criminal penalties

Legislative history

Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.

1. 1986

   Omnibus Diplomatic Security and Antiterrorism Act of 1986

   Pub. L. 99–399 title XII § 1202(a) · 100 Stat. 853

   Enacted · 18 U.S.C. § 2332

   Added Pub. L. 99–399, title XII, § 1202(a), Aug. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 896, § 2331

   Source evidence

   Code source credit
   Added Pub. L. 99–399, title XII, § 1202(a), Aug. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 896, § 2331

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (a) In General.— Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after chapter 113 the following: “CHAPTER 113A— EXTRATERRITORIAL JURISDICTION OVER TERRORIST ACTS ABROAD AGAINST UNITED STATES NATIONALS “§ 2331. Terrorist acts abroad against United States nationals “(a) Homicide.— Whoever kills a national of the United States, while such national is outside the United States, shall— “(1) if the killing is a murder as defined in section 1111(a) of this title, be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or both so fined and so imprisoned; “(2) if the killing is a voluntary manslaughter as defined in section 1112(a) of this title, be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both; and “(3) if the killing is an involuntary manslaughter as defined in section 1112(a) of this title, be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. “(b) Attempt or Conspiracy With Respect to Homicide.— Whoever outside the United States attempts to kill, or engages in a conspiracy to kill, a national of the United States shall— “(1) in the case of an attempt to commit a killing that is a murder as defined in this chapter, be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both; and “(2) in the case of a conspiracy by two or more persons to commit a killing that is a murder as defined in section 1111(a) of this title, if one or more of such persons do any overt act to effect the object of the conspiracy, be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or both so fined and so imprisoned. “(c) Other Conduct.— Whoever outside the United States engages in physical violence— “(1) with intent to cause serious bodily injury to a national of the United States; or “(2) with the result that serious bodily injury is caused to a national of the United States; shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. “(d) Definition.— As used in this section the term ‘national of the United States’ has the meaning given such term in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)). “(e) Limitation on Prosecution.— No prosecution for any offense described in this section shall be undertaken by the United States except on written certification of the Attorney General or the highest ranking subordinate of the Attorney General with responsibility for criminal prosecutions that, in the judgment of the certifying official, such offense was intended to coerce, intimidate, or retaliate against a government or a civilian population.”.

2. 1990

   Military Construction Appropriations Act, 1991

   Pub. L. 101–519 § 132 · 104 Stat. 2240

   Repealed · 18 U.S.C. § 2332

   Pub. L. 101–519, § 132, which amended this section, was repealed by Pub. L. 102–27, § 402, as amended. See 1991 Amendment note above

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 101–519, § 132, which amended this section, was repealed by Pub. L. 102–27, § 402, as amended. See 1991 Amendment note above.

3. 1991

   Pub. L. 102–27 § 402 · 105 Stat. 130

   1. Amended · 18 U.S.C. § 2332

      Pub. L. 102–27, § 402, as amended by Pub. L. 102–136, § 126

   2. Repealed · 18 U.S.C. § 2332

      Pub. L. 102–27, § 402, as repealed Pub. L. 101–519, § 132

   3. Amended · 18 U.S.C. § 2332

      Pub. L. 102–27, § 402, as amended this section to read as if Pub. L. 101–519, § 132, had not been enacted, effective as of Nov. 5, 1990, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 101–519. See Codification note preceding this section

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 102–27, § 402, as amended by Pub. L. 102–136, § 126, repealed Pub. L. 101–519, § 132, and amended this section to read as if Pub. L. 101–519, § 132, had not been enacted, effective as of Nov. 5, 1990, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 101–519. See Codification note preceding this section.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   SEC. 402. MILITARY CONSTRUCTION. In Public Law 101–519, the Military Construction Appropriations Act, 1991, sections 131 and 132 are hereby repealed. 50 USC 1701 note; 18 USC 2331 et seq.

4. 1992

   Federal Courts Administration Act of 1992

   Pub. L. 102–572 title X § 1003(a)(1) · 106 Stat. 4506

   1. Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 2332

      Pub. L. 102–572 renumbered section 2331 of this title as this section, substituted “Criminal penalties” for “Terrorist acts abroad against United States national” in section catchline

   2. Redesignated · 18 U.S.C. § 2332

      Pub. L. 102–572 renumbered section 2331 of this title as this section, redesignated subsec. (e) as (d)

   3. Struck · 18 U.S.C. § 2332

      Pub. L. 102–572 renumbered section 2331 of this title as this section, struck out former subsec. (d) which read as follows: “Definition.—As used in this section the term ‘national of the United States’ has the meaning given such term in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)).”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Pub. L. 102–572 renumbered section 2331 of this title as this section, substituted “Criminal penalties” for “Terrorist acts abroad against United States national” in section catchline, redesignated subsec. (e) as (d), and struck out former subsec. (d) which read as follows: “Definition.—As used in this section the term ‘national of the United States’ has the meaning given such term in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)).”

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (1) in section 2331 by striking subsection (d) and redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (d);

   Effective date note
   Amendment by Pub. L. 102–572 applicable to any pending case or any cause of action arising on or after 4 years before Oct. 29, 1992, see section 1003(c) of Pub. L. 102–572, set out as an Effective Date note under section 2331 of this title.

5. 1994

   Federal Death Penalty Act of 1994

   Pub. L. 103–322 title VI § 60022 · 108 Stat. 1796

   Amended · 18 U.S.C. § 2332(a)(1)

   Pub. L. 103–322 amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: “if the killing is a murder as defined in section 1111(a) of this title, be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or both so fined and so imprisoned;”

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–322 amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: “if the killing is a murder as defined in section 1111(a) of this title, be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or both so fined and so imprisoned;”.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   SEC. 60022. TERRORIST DEATH PENALTY ACT. Section 2332(a)(1)of title 18, United States Code is amended to read as follows: “(1) if the killing is murder (as defined in section 1111(a)), be fined under this title, punished by death or imprisonment for any term of years or for life, or both;”.

6. 1996

   Pub. L. 104–132 title VII § 705(a)(6) · 110 Stat. 1214

   Substituted · 18 U.S.C. § 2332(c)

   Pub. L. 104–132 substituted “ten years” for “five years” in concluding provisions

   Source evidence

   Code amendment note
   Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–132 substituted “ten years” for “five years” in concluding provisions.

   Enacted provision · exact public law section
   (6) in section 2332(c), by striking “five” and inserting “ten”.

9 of 10 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 1 partial