Title 33 — Navigation and Navigable Waters
Chapter 36 — Water Resources Development
§ 2232. Construction of water resources development projects by non-Federal interests
Statutory text
Water resources development project defined
In this section, the term “water resources development project” means a project recommendation that results from—
a feasibility report, as such term is defined in section 2282d(f) 1 of this title;
a completed feasibility study developed under section 2231 of this title; or
a final feasibility study for water resources development and conservation and other purposes that is specifically authorized by Congress to be carried out by the Secretary.
Authority
In general
A non-Federal interest may carry out a federally authorized water resources development project, or separable element thereof—
in accordance with a plan approved by the Secretary for the project or separable element; and
subject to any conditions that the Secretary may require, including any conditions specified under section 2231(c)(3) of this title.
Conditions
Before carrying out a water resources development project, or separable element thereof, under this section, a non-Federal interest shall—
obtain any permit or approval required in connection with the project or separable element under Federal or State law, except as provided in paragraph (3); and
ensure that a final environmental impact statement or environmental assessment, as appropriate, for the project or separable element has been filed.
Permit exception
In general
For a project described in subsection (a)(1) or subsection (a)(3), or a separable element thereof, with respect to which a written agreement described in subparagraph (B) has been entered into, a non-Federal interest that carries out a project under this section shall not be required to obtain any Federal permits or approvals that would not be required if the Secretary carried out the project or separable element unless significant new circumstances or information relevant to environmental concerns or compliance have arisen since development of the project recommendation.
Written agreement
For purposes of this paragraph, a written agreement shall provide that the non-Federal interest shall comply with the same legal and technical requirements that would apply if the project or separable element were carried out by the Secretary, including all mitigation required to offset environmental impacts of the project or separable element as determined by the Secretary.
Certifications
Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), if a non-Federal interest carrying out a project under this section would, in the absence of a written agreement entered into under this paragraph, be required to obtain a certification from a State under Federal law to carry out the project, such certification shall still be required if a written agreement is entered into with respect to the project under this paragraph.
Data sharing
In general
If a non-Federal interest for a water resources development project begins to carry out that water resources development project under this section, the non-Federal interest may request that the Secretary transfer to the non-Federal interest all relevant data and documentation under the control of the Secretary with respect to that water resources development project.
Deadline
Except as provided in subparagraph (C), the Secretary shall transfer the data and documentation requested by a non-Federal interest under subparagraph (A) not later than the date that is 90 days after the date on which the non-Federal interest so requests such data and documentation.
Limitation
Nothing in this paragraph obligates the Secretary to share any data or documentation that the Secretary considers to be proprietary information.
Studies and engineering
In general
When requested by a non-Federal interest carrying out a project or separable element of a project under this section, the Secretary shall undertake all necessary studies, engineering, and technical assistance on construction for any project or separable element of a project under this section, and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits for the construction, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to provide funds to the United States for the studies, engineering, or technical assistance.
No waiver
Nothing in this section may be construed to waive any requirement of section 3142 of title 40.
Limitation
Funds provided by non-Federal interests under this subsection shall not be eligible for credit or reimbursement under subsection (d).
Impartial decisionmaking
In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall ensure that the use of funds accepted from a non-Federal interest will not affect the impartial decisionmaking of the Secretary, either substantively or procedurally.
Credit or reimbursement
General rule
Subject to paragraph (3), a project or separable element of a project carried out by a non-Federal interest under this section shall be eligible for credit or reimbursement for the Federal share of work carried out on a project or separable element of a project if—
before initiation of construction of the project or separable element—
the Secretary approves the plan for construction of the project or separable element of the project by the non-Federal interest;
the Secretary determines, before approval of the plan, that the project or separable element of the project is feasible; and
the non-Federal interest enters into a written agreement with the Secretary under section 1962d–5b of title 42, including an agreement to pay the non-Federal share, if any, of the cost of operation and maintenance of the project; and
the Secretary determines that all Federal laws and regulations applicable to the construction of a water resources development project, and any conditions identified under subsection (b)(1)(B), were complied with by the non-Federal interest during construction of the project or separable element of the project.
Application of credit
The Secretary may apply credit toward—
the non-Federal share of authorized separable elements of the same project; or
subject to the requirements of this section and section 2223 of this title, at the request of the non-Federal interest, the non-Federal share of a different water resources development project.
Requirements
The Secretary may only apply credit or provide reimbursement under paragraph (1) if—
Congress has authorized construction of the project or separable element of the project;
the Secretary certifies that the project, discrete segment of the project, or separable element of the project has been constructed in accordance with—
all applicable permits or approvals; and
this section; and
in the case of reimbursement, appropriations are provided by Congress for such purpose.
Monitoring
The Secretary shall regularly monitor and audit any water resources development project, or separable element of a water resources development project, constructed by a non-Federal interest under this section to ensure that—
the construction is carried out in compliance with the requirements of this section; and
the costs of the construction are reasonable.
Discrete segments
In general
The Secretary may authorize credit or reimbursement under this subsection for carrying out a discrete segment of a federally authorized water resources development project, or separable element thereof, before final completion of the project or separable element if—
except as provided in clause (ii), the Secretary determines that the discrete segment satisfies the requirements of paragraphs (1) through (4) in the same manner as the project or separable element; and
notwithstanding paragraph (1)(A)(ii), the Secretary determines, before the approval of the plan under paragraph (1)(A)(i), that the discrete segment is technically feasible and environmentally acceptable.
Determination
Credit or reimbursement may not be made available to a non-Federal interest pursuant to this paragraph until the Secretary determines that—
the construction of the discrete segment for which credit or reimbursement is requested is complete; and
the construction is consistent with the authorization of the applicable water resources development project, or separable element thereof, and the plan approved under paragraph (1)(A)(i).
Written agreement
In general
As part of the written agreement required under paragraph (1)(A)(iii), a non-Federal interest to be eligible for credit or reimbursement under this paragraph shall—
identify any discrete segment that the non-Federal interest may carry out; and
agree to the completion of the water resources development project, or separable element thereof, with respect to which the discrete segment is a part and establish a timeframe for such completion.
Remittance
If a non-Federal interest fails to complete a water resources development project, or separable element thereof, that it agreed to complete under clause (i)(II), the non-Federal interest shall remit any reimbursements received under this paragraph for a discrete segment of such project or separable element.
Discrete segment defined
In this paragraph, the term “discrete segment” means a physical portion of a water resources development project to be carried out, or separable element thereof—
described by a non-Federal interest in a written agreement required under paragraph (1)(A)(iii); and
that the non-Federal interest can operate and maintain, independently and without creating a hazard, in advance of final completion of the water resources development project, or separable element thereof.
Exclusions
The Secretary may not provide credit or reimbursement for—
activities required by the non-Federal interest to initiate design and construction that would otherwise not be required by the Secretary; or
delays incurred by the non-Federal interest resulting in project cost increases.
Notification of committees
If a non-Federal interest notifies the Secretary that the non-Federal interest intends to carry out a project, or separable element thereof, under this section, the Secretary shall provide written notice to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives concerning the intent of the non-Federal interest.
Operation and maintenance
Assumption of maintenance
Whenever a non-Federal interest carries out improvements to a federally authorized harbor or inland harbor, the Secretary shall be responsible for operation and maintenance in accordance with section 2211(b) of this title if—
before construction of the improvements—
the Secretary determines that the improvements are feasible and consistent with the purposes of this subchapter; and
the Secretary and the non-Federal interest execute a written agreement relating to operation and maintenance of the improvements;
the Secretary certifies that the project or separable element of the project is constructed in accordance with applicable permits and appropriate engineering and design standards; and
the Secretary does not find that the project or separable element is no longer feasible.
Federal financial participation in the costs of a locally preferred plan.
In the case of improvements determined by the Secretary pursuant to paragraph (1)(A)(i) to deviate from the national economic development plan, the Secretary shall be responsible for all operation and maintenance costs of such improvements, as described in section 2211(b) of this title, including costs in excess of the costs of the national economic development plan, if the Secretary determines that the improvements satisfy the requirements of paragraph (1).
Footnotes
- 1 See References in Text note below.
Legislative history
Reconstructed from this section’s Code source credit and amendment notes, resolved against the local Statutes at Large. Editorial notes are evidence, not the law that made the change.
Harbor Development and Navigation Improvement Act of 1986
Pub. L. 99–662 title II § 204 · 100 Stat. 4082
Enacted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232
Pub. L. 99–662, title II, § 204, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4099
Source evidence
Code source credit
Pub. L. 99–662, title II, § 204, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4099Enacted provision · exact public law section
SEC. 204. CONSTRUCTION OF PROJECTS BY NON-FEDERAL INTERESTS. (a) Authority.— In addition to projects undertaken pursuant to sections 201 and 202 of this title, any non-Federal interest is authorized to undertake navigational improvements in harbors or inland harbors of the United States, subject to obtaining any permits required pursuant to Federal and State laws in advance of the actual construction of such improvements. (b) Studies and Engineering.— When requested by an appropriate non-Federal interest the Secretary is authorized to undertake all necessary studies and engineering for any construction to be undertaken under the terms of subsection (a) of this section, and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to furnish the United States funds for such studies and engineering during the period that they are conducted. (c) Completion of Studies.— The Secretary is authorized to complete and transmit to the appropriate non-Federal interest any study for improvements to harbors or inland harbors of the United States which were initiated prior to the date of enactment of this Act, or, upon the request of such non-Federal interest, to terminate such study and transmit such partially completed study to the non-Federal interest. Studies under this subsection shall be completed without regard to the requirements of subsection (b) of this section. (d) Authority to Carry Out Improvement.— Any non-Federal interest which has requested and received from the Secretary pursuant to subsection (b) or (c) of this section, the completed study and engineering for an improvement to a harbor or an inland harbor, or separable element thereof, for the purpose of constructing such improvement and for which improvement a final environmental impact statement has been filed, shall be authorized to carry out the terms of the plan for such improvement. Any plan of improvement proposed to be implemented in accordance with this subsection shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements for obtaining the appropriate permits required under the Secretary’s authority and such permits shall be granted subject to the non-Federal interest’s acceptance of the terms and conditions of such permits: Provided, That the Secretary determines that the applicable regulatory criteria and procedures have been satisfied. The Secretary shall monitor any project for which permits are granted under this subsection in order to ensure that such project is constructed (and, in those cases where such activities will not be the responsibility of the Secretary, operated and maintained) in accordance with the terms and conditions of such permits. (e) Reimbursement.— (1) General rule.— Subject to the enactment of appropriation Acts, the Secretary is authorized to reimburse any non-Federal interest an amount equal to the estimate of Federal share, without interest, of the cost of any authorized harbor or inland harbor improvement, or separable element thereof, constructed under the terms of this section if— (A) after authorization of the project and before initiation of construction of the project or separable element— (i) the Secretary approves the plans of construction of such project by such non-Federal interest, and (ii) Contracts. such non-Federal interest enters into an agreement to pay the non-Federal share, if any, of the cost of operation and maintenance of such project; and (B) the Secretary finds before approval of the plans of construction of the project that the project, or separable element, is economically justified and environmentally acceptable. (2) Matters to Be Considered in Reviewing Plans.— In reviewing such plans, the Secretary shall consider budgetary and programmatic priorities, potential impacts on the cost of dredging projects nationwide, and other factors that the Secretary deems appropriate. (3) Monitoring.— The Secretary shall regularly monitor and audit any project for a harbor or inland harbor constructed under this subsection by a non-Federal interest in order to ensure that such construction is in compliance with the plans approved by the Secretary, and that costs are reasonable. No reimbursement shall be made unless and until the Secretary has certified that the work for which reimbursement is requested has been performed in accordance with applicable permits and the approved plans. (e) Operation and Maintenance.— Whenever a non-Federal interest constructs improvements to any harbor or inland harbor, the Secretary shall be responsible for maintenance in accordance with section 101(b) if— (1) the Secretary determines, before construction, that the improvements, or separable elements thereof, are economically justified, environmentally acceptable, and consistent with the purposes of this title; (2) the Secretary certifies that the project is constructed in accordance with applicable permits and the appropriate engineering and design standards; and (3) the Secretary does not find that the project, or separable element thereof, is no longer economically justified or environmentally acceptable. (f) Demonstration of Non-Federal Interests Acting as Agent of Secretary.— For the purpose of demonstrating the potential advantages and efficiencies of non-Federal management of projects, the Secretary may approve as many as two proposals pursuant to which the non-Federal interests will undertake part or all of a harbor project authorized by Congress as the agent of the Secretary by utilizing its own personnel or by procuring outside services, so long as the cost of doing so will not exceed the cost of the Secretary undertaking the project.Water Resources Development Act of 1990
Pub. L. 101–640 § 303(a) · 104 Stat. 4604
Inserted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(c)
Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(a), inserted after first sentence “The Secretary is further authorized to complete and transmit to the appropriate non-Federal interest any study for improvement to harbors or inland harbors of the United States that is initiated pursuant to section 577 of this title or, upon request of such non-Federal interest, to terminate such study and transmit such partially completed study to the non-Federal interest.”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(a), inserted after first sentence “The Secretary is further authorized to complete and transmit to the appropriate non-Federal interest any study for improvement to harbors or inland harbors of the United States that is initiated pursuant to section 577 of this title or, upon request of such non-Federal interest, to terminate such study and transmit such partially completed study to the non-Federal interest.”Enacted provision · exact public law section
(a) Transmission of Harbor Improvement Studies to Non-Federal Interests — Section 204(c) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232(c)) is amended by inserting after the first sentence the following new sentence: “The Secretary is further authorized to complete and transmit to the appropriate non-Federal interest any study for improvement to harbors or inland harbors of the United States that is initiated pursuant to section 107 of the River and Harbor Act of 1960 or, upon request of such non-Federal interest, to terminate such study and transmit such partially completed study to the non-Federal interest.”.Water Resources Development Act of 1990
Pub. L. 101–640 § 303(b)(1) · 104 Stat. 4604
Redesignated · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(e)
Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (e), relating to operation and maintenance, as (f)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (e), relating to operation and maintenance, as (f).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) by redesignating the second subsection (e) and subsection (f), and any reference thereto, as subsections (f) and (g), respectively;Water Resources Development Act of 1990
Pub. L. 101–640 § 303(b)(2) · 104 Stat. 4604
Inserted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(e)(1)
Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(2), (3), in introductory provisions inserted “including any small navigation project approved pursuant to section 577 of this title,” after “or separable element thereof,” and in subpar. (A) inserted “(or, in the case of a small navigation project, after completion of a favorable project report by the Corps of Engineers)” after “authorization of the project”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(2), (3), in introductory provisions inserted “including any small navigation project approved pursuant to section 577 of this title,” after “or separable element thereof,” and in subpar. (A) inserted “(or, in the case of a small navigation project, after completion of a favorable project report by the Corps of Engineers)” after “authorization of the project”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(2) in paragraph (1) of the first subsection (e) by inserting “including any small navigation project approved pursuant to section 107 of the River and Harbor Act of 1960,” after “or separable element thereof,”; andWater Resources Development Act of 1990
Pub. L. 101–640 § 303(b)(1) · 104 Stat. 4604
Redesignated · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(f)
Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (e), relating to operation and maintenance, as (f). Former subsec. (f) redesignated (g)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (e), relating to operation and maintenance, as (f). Former subsec. (f) redesignated (g).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) by redesignating the second subsection (e) and subsection (f), and any reference thereto, as subsections (f) and (g), respectively;Water Resources Development Act of 1990
Pub. L. 101–640 § 303(b)(1) · 104 Stat. 4604
Redesignated · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(g)
Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (f) as (g)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (f) as (g).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) by redesignating the second subsection (e) and subsection (f), and any reference thereto, as subsections (f) and (g), respectively;Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014
Pub. L. 113–121 title I § 1014(b)(1) · 128 Stat. 1193
Amended · 33 U.S.C. § 2232
Pub. L. 113–121 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to construction of projects by non-Federal interests
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Pub. L. 113–121 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to construction of projects by non-Federal interests.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(1) In general.— Section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232) is amended to read as follows: “SEC. 204. CONSTRUCTION OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS BY NON-FEDERAL INTERESTS. “(a) Water Resources Development Project Defined.— In this section, the term ‘water resources development project’ means a project recommendation that results from— “(1) a feasibility report, as such term is defined in section 7001(f) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014; “(2) a completed feasibility study developed under section 203; or “(3) a final feasibility study for water resources development and conservation and other purposes that is specifically authorized by Congress to be carried out by the Secretary. “(b) Authority.— “(1) In general.— A non-Federal interest may carry out a water resources development project, or separable element thereof— “(A) in accordance with a plan approved by the Secretary for the project or separable element; and “(B) subject to any conditions that the Secretary may require, including any conditions specified under section 203(c)(3). “(2) Conditions.— Before carrying out a water resources development project, or separable element thereof, under this section, a non-Federal interest shall— “(A) obtain any permit or approval required in connection with the project or separable element under Federal or State law; and “(B) ensure that a final environmental impact statement or environmental assessment, as appropriate, for the project or separable element has been filed. “(c) Studies and Engineering.— When requested by an appropriate non-Federal interest, the Secretary may undertake all necessary studies and engineering for any construction to be undertaken under subsection (b), and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits for the construction, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to furnish the United States funds for the studies, engineering, or technical assistance in the period during which the studies and engineering are being conducted. “(d) Credit or Reimbursement.— “(1) General rule.— Subject to paragraph (3), a project or separable element of a project carried out by a non-Federal interest under this section shall be eligible for credit or reimbursement for the Federal share of work carried out on a project or separable element of a project if— “(A) before initiation of construction of the project or separable element— “(i) the Secretary approves the plans for construction of the project or separable element of the project by the non-Federal interest; “(ii) the Secretary determines, before approval of the plans, that the project or separable element of the project is feasible; and “(iii) the non-Federal interest enters into a written agreement with the Secretary under section 221 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 1962d–5b), including an agreement to pay the non-Federal share, if any, of the cost of operation and maintenance of the project; and “(B) the Secretary determines that all Federal laws and regulations applicable to the construction of a water resources development project, and any conditions identified under subsection (b)(1)(B), were complied with by the non-Federal interest during construction of the project or separable element of the project. “(2) Application of credit.— The Secretary may apply credit toward— “(A) the non-Federal share of authorized separable elements of the same project; or “(B) subject to the requirements of this section and section 1020 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014, at the request of the non-Federal interest, the non-Federal share of a different water resources development project. “(3) Requirements.— The Secretary may only apply credit or provide reimbursement under paragraph (1) if— “(A) Congress has authorized construction of the project or separable element of the project; and “(B) the Secretary certifies that the project has been constructed in accordance with— “(i) all applicable permits or approvals; and “(ii) this section. “(4) Monitoring.— The Secretary shall regularly monitor and audit any water resources development project, or separable element of a water resources development project, constructed by a non-Federal interest under this section to ensure that— “(A) the construction is carried out in compliance with the requirements of this section; and “(B) the costs of the construction are reasonable. “(e) Notification of Committees.— If a non-Federal interest notifies the Secretary that the non-Federal interest intends to carry out a project, or separable element thereof, under this section, the Secretary shall provide written notice to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives concerning the intent of the non-Federal interest. “(f) Operation and Maintenance.— Whenever a non-Federal interest carries out improvements to a federally authorized harbor or inland harbor, the Secretary shall be responsible for operation and maintenance in accordance with section 101(b) if— “(1) before construction of the improvements— “(A) the Secretary determines that the improvements are feasible and consistent with the purposes of this title; and “(B) the Secretary and the non-Federal interest execute a written agreement relating to operation and maintenance of the improvements; “(2) the Secretary certifies that the project or separable element of the project is constructed in accordance with applicable permits and appropriate engineering and design standards; and “(3) the Secretary does not find that the project or separable element is no longer feasible.” .Water Resources Development Act of 2016
Pub. L. 114–322 title I § 1127 · 130 Stat. 1628
Added · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(5)
Pub. L. 114–322 added par. (5)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 114–322 added par. (5).Enacted provision · exact public law section
SEC. 1127. NON-FEDERAL CONSTRUCTION OF AUTHORIZED FLOOD DAMAGE REDUCTION PROJECTS. Section 204(d) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232(d)) is amended by adding at the end the following: “(5) Discrete segments.— “(A) In general.— The Secretary may authorize credit or reimbursement under this subsection for a discrete segment of a flood damage reduction project, or separable element thereof, before final completion of the project or separable element if— “(i) except as provided in clause (ii), the Secretary determines that the discrete segment satisfies the requirements of paragraphs (1) through (4) in the same manner as the project or separable element; and “(ii) notwithstanding paragraph (1)(A)(ii), the Secretary determines, before the approval of the plans under paragraph (1)(A)(i), that the discrete segment is technically feasible and environmentally acceptable. “(B) Determination.— Credit or reimbursement may not be made available to a non-Federal interest pursuant to this paragraph until the Secretary determines that— “(i) the construction of the discrete segment for which credit or reimbursement is requested is complete; and “(ii) the construction is consistent with the authorization of the applicable flood damage reduction project, or separable element thereof, and the plans approved under paragraph (1)(A)(i). “(C) Written agreement.— “(i) In general.— As part of the written agreement required under paragraph (1)(A)(iii), a non-Federal interest to be eligible for credit or reimbursement under this paragraph shall— “(I) identify any discrete segment that the non-Federal interest may carry out; and “(II) agree to the completion of the flood damage reduction project, or separable element thereof, with respect to which the discrete segment is a part and establish a timeframe for such completion. “(ii) Remittance.— If a non-Federal interest fails to complete a flood damage reduction project, or separable element thereof, that it agreed to complete under clause (i)(II), the non-Federal interest shall remit any reimbursements received under this paragraph for a discrete segment of such project or separable element. “(D) Discrete segment defined.— In this paragraph, the term ‘discrete segment’ means a physical portion of a flood damage reduction project, or separable element thereof— “(i) described by a non-Federal interest in a written agreement required under paragraph (1)(A)(iii); and “(ii) that the non-Federal interest can operate and maintain, independently and without creating a hazard, in advance of final completion of the flood damage reduction project, or separable element thereof.” .Water Resources Development Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115–270 § 1153(1)(A) · 132 Stat. 3765
Inserted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(b)(1)
Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(1)(A), inserted “federally authorized” before “water resources development project” in introductory provisions
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(1)(A), inserted “federally authorized” before “water resources development project” in introductory provisions.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(A) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting “federally authorized” before “water resources development project”;Water Resources Development Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115–270 § 1153(1)(B) · 132 Stat. 3765
Inserted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(b)(2)(A)
Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(1)(B), inserted “, except as provided in paragraph (3)” after “Federal or State law”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(1)(B), inserted “, except as provided in paragraph (3)” after “Federal or State law”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(B) in paragraph (2)(A), by inserting “, except as provided in paragraph (3)” before the semicolon; andWater Resources Development Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115–270 § 1153(1)(C) · 132 Stat. 3765
Added · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(b)(3); 33 U.S.C. § 2232(b)(4)
Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(1)(C), added pars. (3) and (4)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (b)(3), (4). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(1)(C), added pars. (3) and (4).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(C) by adding at the end the following: “(3) Permit exception.— “(A) In general.— For a project described in subsection (a)(1) or subsection (a)(3), or a separable element thereof, with respect to which a written agreement described in subparagraph (B) has been entered into, a non-Federal interest that carries out a project under this section shall not be required to obtain any Federal permits or approvals that would not be required if the Secretary carried out the project or separable element unless significant new circumstances or information relevant to environmental concerns or compliance have arisen since development of the project recommendation. “(B) Written agreement.— For purposes of this paragraph, a written agreement shall provide that the non-Federal interest shall comply with the same legal and technical requirements that would apply if the project or separable element were carried out by the Secretary, including all mitigation required to offset environmental impacts of the project or separable element as determined by the Secretary. “(C) Certifications.— Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), if a non-Federal interest carrying out a project under this section would, in the absence of a written agreement entered into under this paragraph, be required to obtain a certification from a State under Federal law to carry out the project, such certification shall still be required if a written agreement is entered into with respect to the project under this paragraph. “(4) Data sharing.— “(A) In general.— If a non-Federal interest for a water resources development project begins to carry out that water resources development project under this section, the non-Federal interest may request that the Secretary transfer to the non-Federal interest all relevant data and documentation under the control of the Secretary with respect to that water resources development project. “(B) Deadline.— Except as provided in subparagraph (C), the Secretary shall transfer the data and documentation requested by a non-Federal interest under subparagraph (A) not later than the date that is 90 days after the date on which the non-Federal interest so requests such data and documentation. “(C) Limitation.— Nothing in this paragraph obligates the Secretary to share any data or documentation that the Secretary considers to be proprietary information.” ;Water Resources Development Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115–270 § 1153(2) · 132 Stat. 3765
Amended · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(c)
Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(2), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “When requested by an appropriate non-Federal interest, the Secretary may undertake all necessary studies and engineering for any construction to be undertaken under subsection (b), and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits for the construction, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to furnish the United States funds for the studies, engineering, or technical assistance in the period during which the studies and engineering are being conducted.”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(2), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “When requested by an appropriate non-Federal interest, the Secretary may undertake all necessary studies and engineering for any construction to be undertaken under subsection (b), and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits for the construction, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to furnish the United States funds for the studies, engineering, or technical assistance in the period during which the studies and engineering are being conducted.”Enacted provision · exact public law section
(2) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows: “(c) Studies and Engineering.— “(1) In general.— When requested by an appropriate non-Federal interest, the Secretary shall undertake all necessary studies, engineering, and technical assistance on construction for any project to be undertaken under subsection (b), and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits for the construction, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to furnish the United States funds for the studies, engineering, or technical assistance on construction in the period during which the studies, engineering, or technical assistance on construction are being conducted. “(2) No waiver.— Nothing in this section may be construed to waive any requirement of section 3142 of title 40, United States Code. “(3) Limitation.— Funds provided by non-Federal interests under this subsection shall not be eligible for credit or reimbursement under subsection (d). “(4) Impartial decisionmaking.— In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall ensure that the use of funds accepted from a non-Federal interest will not affect the impartial decisionmaking of the Secretary, either substantively or procedurally.” ; andWater Resources Development Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115–270 § 1153(3)(A) · 132 Stat. 3765
Added · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(3)(C)
Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(A), added subpar. (C)
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(3)(C). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(A), added subpar. (C).Enacted provision · exact public law section
(A) in paragraph (3)— (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking “; and” and inserting a semicolon; (ii) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and (iii) by adding at the end the following: “(C) in the case of reimbursement, appropriations are provided by Congress for such purpose.” ; andWater Resources Development Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115–270 § 1153(3)(B)(i) · 132 Stat. 3765
Substituted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(5)
Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(B)(i), substituted “water resources development” for “flood damage reduction” wherever appearing
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(B)(i), substituted “water resources development” for “flood damage reduction” wherever appearing.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(i) by striking “flood damage reduction” each place it appears and inserting “water resources development”;Water Resources Development Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115–270 § 1153(3)(B)(ii) · 132 Stat. 3765
Substituted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(5)(A)
Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(B)(ii), substituted “for carrying out a discrete segment of a federally authorized” for “for a discrete segment of a” in introductory provisions
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(5)(A). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(B)(ii), substituted “for carrying out a discrete segment of a federally authorized” for “for a discrete segment of a” in introductory provisions.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking “for a discrete segment of a” and inserting “for carrying out a discrete segment of a federally authorized”; andWater Resources Development Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115–270 § 1153(3)(B)(iii) · 132 Stat. 3765
Inserted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(5)(D)
Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(B)(iii), inserted “to be carried out” after “project” in introductory provisions
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(5)(D). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(B)(iii), inserted “to be carried out” after “project” in introductory provisions.Enacted provision · exact public law section
(iii) in subparagraph (D), in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting “to be carried out” after “project”.Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2021
Pub. L. 116–260 § 105(a) · 134 Stat. 1182
Substituted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(c)(1)
Pub. L. 116–260, § 105(a), substituted “under this section” for “under subsection (b)”
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 116–260, § 105(a), substituted “under this section” for “under subsection (b)”.Enacted provision · exact public law section
Sec. 105. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Commerce may furnish services (including but not limited to utilities, telecommunications, and security services) necessary to support the operation, maintenance, and improvement of space that persons, firms, or organizations are authorized, pursuant to the Public Buildings Cooperative Use Act of 1976 or other authority, to use or occupy in the Herbert C. Hoover Building, Washington, DC, or other buildings, the maintenance, operation, and protection of which has been delegated to the Secretary from the Administrator of General Services pursuant to the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 on a reimbursable or non-reimbursable basis. Reimbursement. Amounts received as reimbursement for services provided under this section or the authority under which the use or occupancy of the space is authorized, up to $200,000, shall be credited to the appropriation or fund which initially bears the costs of such services.Department of Commerce Appropriations Act, 2021
Pub. L. 116–260 § 105(b) · 134 Stat. 1182
Amended · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(f)
Pub. L. 116–260, § 105(b), amended subsec. (f) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (f) related to operation and maintenance
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 116–260, § 105(b), amended subsec. (f) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (f) related to operation and maintenance.Enacted provision · exact public law section
Sec. 105. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Commerce may furnish services (including but not limited to utilities, telecommunications, and security services) necessary to support the operation, maintenance, and improvement of space that persons, firms, or organizations are authorized, pursuant to the Public Buildings Cooperative Use Act of 1976 or other authority, to use or occupy in the Herbert C. Hoover Building, Washington, DC, or other buildings, the maintenance, operation, and protection of which has been delegated to the Secretary from the Administrator of General Services pursuant to the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 on a reimbursable or non-reimbursable basis. Reimbursement. Amounts received as reimbursement for services provided under this section or the authority under which the use or occupancy of the space is authorized, up to $200,000, shall be credited to the appropriation or fund which initially bears the costs of such services.Pub. L. 118–272 § 1110(a)(1) · 138 Stat. 3009
Added · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(c)(1)
Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(1), added par. (1)
Struck · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(c)(1)
Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(1), struck out former par. (1). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “When requested by an appropriate non-Federal interest, the Secretary shall undertake all necessary studies, engineering, and technical assistance on construction for any project to be undertaken under this section, and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits for the construction, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to furnish the United States funds for the studies, engineering, or technical assistance on construction in the period during which the studies, engineering, or technical assistance on construction are being conducted.”
Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–272 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(1), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “When requested by an appropriate non-Federal interest, the Secretary shall undertake all necessary studies, engineering, and technical assistance on construction for any project to be undertaken under this section, and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits for the construction, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to furnish the United States funds for the studies, engineering, or technical assistance on construction in the period during which the studies, engineering, or technical assistance on construction are being conducted.”Pub. L. 118–272 § 1110(a)(2)(A) · 138 Stat. 3009
Substituted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(1)(A)(i); 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(1)(A)(ii)
Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(A), substituted “plan” for “plans”
Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–272 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(1)(A)(i), (ii). Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(A), substituted “plan” for “plans”.Pub. L. 118–272 § 1110(a)(2)(B) · 138 Stat. 3009
Inserted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(3)(B)
Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(B), inserted “, discrete segment of the project, or separable element of the project” after “certifies that the project”
Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–272 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(3)(B). Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(B), inserted “, discrete segment of the project, or separable element of the project” after “certifies that the project”.Pub. L. 118–272 § 1110(a)(2)(C) · 138 Stat. 3009
Substituted · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(5)(A)(ii); 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(5)(B)(ii)
Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(C), substituted “plan” for “plans”
Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–272 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(5)(A)(ii), (B)(ii). Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(C), substituted “plan” for “plans”.Pub. L. 118–272 § 1110(a)(2)(D) · 138 Stat. 3009
Added · 33 U.S.C. § 2232(d)(6)
Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(D), added par. (6)
Unresolved: Pub. L. 118–272 was not found in the local Statutes at Large index.
Source evidence
Code amendment note
Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(D), added par. (6).
18 of 24 references resolved to an enrolled provision · 6 unresolved
Editorial Notes
References in Text
Section 2282d(f) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was redesignated section 2282d(g) of this title by Pub. L. 115–270, title I, § 1332(a)(3), , 132 Stat. 3834. Section 2282d(g) of this title was subsequently redesignated section 2282d(i) of this title by Pub. L. 118–272, div. A, title I, § 1111(2), , 138 Stat. 3010.
Amendments1990–2025 · 6 rounds
2025
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(1), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “When requested by an appropriate non-Federal interest, the Secretary shall undertake all necessary studies, engineering, and technical assistance on construction for any project to be undertaken under this section, and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits for the construction, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to furnish the United States funds for the studies, engineering, or technical assistance on construction in the period during which the studies, engineering, or technical assistance on construction are being conducted.”
Subsec. (d)(1)(A)(i), (ii). Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(A), substituted “plan” for “plans”.
Subsec. (d)(3)(B). Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(B), inserted “, discrete segment of the project, or separable element of the project” after “certifies that the project”.
Subsec. (d)(5)(A)(ii), (B)(ii). Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(C), substituted “plan” for “plans”.
Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 118–272, § 1110(a)(2)(D), added par. (6).
2020
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 116–260, § 105(a), substituted “under this section” for “under subsection (b)”.
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 116–260, § 105(b), amended subsec. (f) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (f) related to operation and maintenance.
2018
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(1)(A), inserted “federally authorized” before “water resources development project” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(1)(B), inserted “, except as provided in paragraph (3)” after “Federal or State law”.
Subsec. (b)(3), (4). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(1)(C), added pars. (3) and (4).
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(2), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “When requested by an appropriate non-Federal interest, the Secretary may undertake all necessary studies and engineering for any construction to be undertaken under subsection (b), and provide technical assistance in obtaining all necessary permits for the construction, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary to furnish the United States funds for the studies, engineering, or technical assistance in the period during which the studies and engineering are being conducted.”
Subsec. (d)(3)(C). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(A), added subpar. (C).
Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(B)(i), substituted “water resources development” for “flood damage reduction” wherever appearing.
Subsec. (d)(5)(A). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(B)(ii), substituted “for carrying out a discrete segment of a federally authorized” for “for a discrete segment of a” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (d)(5)(D). Pub. L. 115–270, § 1153(3)(B)(iii), inserted “to be carried out” after “project” in introductory provisions.
2016
Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 114–322 added par. (5).
2014
Pub. L. 113–121 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to construction of projects by non-Federal interests.
1990
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(a), inserted after first sentence “The Secretary is further authorized to complete and transmit to the appropriate non-Federal interest any study for improvement to harbors or inland harbors of the United States that is initiated pursuant to section 577 of this title or, upon request of such non-Federal interest, to terminate such study and transmit such partially completed study to the non-Federal interest.”
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (e), relating to operation and maintenance, as (f).
Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(2), (3), in introductory provisions inserted “including any small navigation project approved pursuant to section 577 of this title,” after “or separable element thereof,” and in subpar. (A) inserted “(or, in the case of a small navigation project, after completion of a favorable project report by the Corps of Engineers)” after “authorization of the project”.
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (e), relating to operation and maintenance, as (f). Former subsec. (f) redesignated (g).
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 101–640, § 303(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (f) as (g).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Savings Provision
Pub. L. 113–121, title I, § 1014(d), , 128 Stat. 1222, provided that:
“Nothing in this section [amending this section and section 2231 of this title, repealing sections 426i–1 and 701b–13 of this title, and repealing provisions set out as a note under this section] may be construed to affect an agreement in effect on the date of enactment of this Act [], or an agreement that is finalized between the Corps of Engineers and a non-Federal interest on or before , under any of the following sections (as such sections were in effect on the day before such date of enactment):
“(1) Section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232).
“(2) Section 206 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (33 U.S.C. 426i–1).
“(3) Section 211 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (33 U.S.C. 701b–13).”
Guidance
Pub. L. 118–272, div. A, title I, § 1110(b), , 138 Stat. 3010, provided that: “Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act [], the Secretary [of the Army] shall update any guidance as necessary to reflect the amendments made by this section [amending this section].”
Implementation
Pub. L. 118–272, div. A, title I, § 1110(c), , 138 Stat. 3010, provided that: “Any non-Federal interest that has entered in a written agreement with the Secretary [of the Army] to carry out a water resources development project pursuant to section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232) before the date of enactment of this Act [] may submit to the Secretary a request to amend such agreement to reflect the amendments made by this section [amending this section].”
Report on Improvements by Non–Federal Interest
Pub. L. 116–260, div. AA, title I, § 105(c), , 134 Stat. 2623, provided that:
“A non-Federal interest may submit to the Secretary [of the Army] a report on improvements to a federally authorized harbor or inland harbor to be carried out by the non-Federal interest, containing any information necessary for the Secretary determine whether the improvements satisfy the requirements of section 204(f)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232[(f)(1)]), including—
“(1) the economic justification for the improvements;
“(2) details of the project improvement plan and design;
“(3) proposed arrangements for the work to be performed; and
“(4) documents relating to any applicable permits required for the project improvements.”
Project Studies Subject to Independent Peer Review
Pub. L. 116–260, div. AA, title I, § 105(d), , 134 Stat. 2623, provided that: “The Secretary [of the Army] shall not be required to subject a project study for a project with a cost of less than $200,000,000, which the Secretary determines satisfies the requirements of section 204(f)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232[(f)(1)]), to independent peer review under section 2034(a)(3)(A)(i) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2343(a)(3)(A)(i)).”
Preconstruction Engineering Design Demonstration Program
Pub. L. 115–270, title I, § 1176, , 132 Stat. 3801, provided that:
“(a) Definition of Environmental Impact Statement.—
In this section, the term ‘environmental impact statement’ means the detailed written statement required under section 102(2)(C) of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)).
“(b) Demonstration Program.—
The Secretary [of the Army] shall establish a demonstration program to allow a project authorized to execute pursuant to [former] section 211 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (33 U.S.C. 701b–13) (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (128 Stat. 1193) []) to begin preconstruction engineering and design on a determination by the Secretary that the project is technically feasible, economically justified, and environmentally acceptable.
“(c) Requirements.—
For each project authorized to begin preconstruction engineering and design under subsection (b)—
“(1) the project shall conform to the feasibility study and the environmental impact statement approved by the Secretary; and
“(2) the Secretary and the non-Federal sponsor shall jointly agree to the construction design of the project.
“(d) Secretary Review of Potential Adverse Impacts.—
When reviewing the feasibility study and the environmental impact statement for a project under subsection (b), the Secretary shall follow current USACE Policy, Regulations, and Guidance, to assess potential adverse downstream impacts to the Pearl River Basin. Upon completion of the Secretary’s determination under subsection (b), the non-Federal sponsor shall design the project in a manner that addresses any potential adverse impacts or that provides mitigation in accordance with section 906 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2283).
“(e) Sunset.—
The authority to carry out the demonstration program under this section shall terminate on the date that is 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act [].
“(f) Savings Provision.—
Nothing in this section supersedes, precludes, or affects any applicable requirements for a project under subsection (b) under—
“(1) section 906 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2283); or
“(2) the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.).”
Navigation Safety
Pub. L. 114–322, title I, § 1102, , 130 Stat. 1633, provided that: “The Secretary [of the Army] shall use section 5 of the Act of March 4, 1915 (38 Stat. 1053, chapter 142; 33 U.S.C. 562), to carry out navigation safety activities at those projects eligible for operation and maintenance under section 204(f) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232(f)).”
Operation and Maintenance of Certain Projects
Pub. L. 113–121, title I, § 1016, , 128 Stat. 1223, provided that: “The Secretary [of the Army] may assume responsibility for operation and maintenance in accordance with section 101(b) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2211(b)) (as amended by section 2102(b)) for improvements to a federally authorized harbor or inland harbor that are carried out by a non-Federal interest prior to , if the Secretary determines that the requirements under paragraphs (2) and (3) of section 204(f) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232(f)) are met.”
Demonstration of Construction of Federal Project by Non-Federal Interests
Pub. L. 101–640, title IV, § 404, , 104 Stat. 4646, which related to the demonstration of safety benefits and economic efficiencies of non-Federal management of harbor improvement projects, was repealed by Pub. L. 113–121, title I, § 1014(c)(1), , 128 Stat. 1222.
Credits
1986–2025 · 7 acts
- 1986Pub. L. 99–662, title II, § 204, , 100 Stat. 4099
- 1990Pub. L. 101–640, title III, § 303, , 104 Stat. 4634
- 2014Pub. L. 113–121, title I, § 1014(b)(1), , 128 Stat. 1220
- 2016Pub. L. 114–322, title I, § 1127, , 130 Stat. 1648
- 2018Pub. L. 115–270, title I, § 1153, , 132 Stat. 3789
- 2020Pub. L. 116–260, div. AA, title I, § 105(a), (b), , 134 Stat. 2622
- 2025Pub. L. 118–272, div. A, title I, § 1110(a), , 138 Stat. 3009.
Show as published
(Pub. L. 99–662, title II, § 204, , 100 Stat. 4099; Pub. L. 101–640, title III, § 303, , 104 Stat. 4634; Pub. L. 113–121, title I, § 1014(b)(1), , 128 Stat. 1220; Pub. L. 114–322, title I, § 1127, , 130 Stat. 1648; Pub. L. 115–270, title I, § 1153, , 132 Stat. 3789; Pub. L. 116–260, div. AA, title I, § 105(a), (b), , 134 Stat. 2622; Pub. L. 118–272, div. A, title I, § 1110(a), , 138 Stat. 3009.)